Al-Nahw al-Wadih Primary — Volume 3 (النحو الواضح للمرحلة الابتدائية) — Page 131

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَإِذَا بَحَثْتَ عَنْ حَرَكَاتِ أَوَاخِرِ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ، رَأَيْتَ أَنَّهَا تُرْفَعُ بِالضَّمَّةِ، وَتُنْصَبُ بِالْفَتْحَةِ، وَتُجَرُّ بِالْفَتْحَةِ، وَأَنَّهَا مَمْنُوعَةٌ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ.

And if you search for the movements of the ends of these words, you will see that they are raised with damma, set with fatha, and pulled with fatha, and that they are forbidden from declension.

يُمْنَعُ الِاسْمُ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ وَيُجَرُّ بِالْفَتْحَةِ نِيَابَةً عَنِ الْكَسْرَةِ: إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى صِيغَةِ مُنْتَهَى الْجُمُوعِ.

The noun is forbidden from declension and is pulled with fatha instead of kasra: if it is on the form of the limit of plurals.

أَثْنَيْتُ عَلَى أَسْبَقِ اللَّاعِبِينَ.

I praised the earliest of the players.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (10 verbs · 28 nouns)

• بَحَثَ — to search
• رَأَى — to see
• رَفَعَ — to mark with damma
• حَرَكَةٌ — vowel
• آخِرٌ — end
• كَلِمَةٌ — word