Al-Nahw al-Wadih Primary — Volume 2 (النحو الواضح للمرحلة الابتدائية) — Page 4

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الأَمْثِلَةُ : بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ تَقْسِيمُ الْفِعْلِ إِلَى صَحِيحِ الْآخِرِ وَمُعْتَلِّ الْآخِرِ

Examples: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The division of the verb into sound-ending and weak-ending.

أَلْقَى الصَّيَّادُ شَبَكَتَهُ

(1) The hunter cast his net.

خَشِيَ مُحَمَّدٌ رَبَّهُ

(7) Muhammad feared his Lord.

دَعَا الْمَرِيضُ الطَّبِيبَ

(2) The patient called the doctor.

أَبْغِي رِضَا الْوَالِدَيْنِ

(8) I seek the pleasure of the parents.

يَلْقَى الْمُسِيءُ جَزَاءَهُ

(3) The wrongdoer will meet his recompense.

يَبْنِي النَّاءُ مَسْجِدًا

(9) The builder is building a mosque.

سَرُوَ الرَّجُلُ

(4) The man became noble.

أَظْلَمَ الْمَكَانَ

(10) The place became dark.

تَصْفُو السَّمَاءُ

(5) The sky clears.

اِتَّقَدَ الْمِصْبَاحُ

(11) The lamp ignited.

يَدْنُو فَصْلُ الشِّتَاءِ

(6) The winter season draws near.

يَسْتَحِمُّ الْعِلْمَانُ

(12) The two boys are bathing.

الْبَحْثُ : الْكَلِمَاتُ : أَلْقَى وَدَعَا وَيَلْقَى فِي الْأَمْثِلَةِ الثَّلَاثَةِ الْأُولَى كُلُّهَا أَفْعَالٌ وَآخِرُ كُلٍّ مِنْهَا أَلِفٌ لِأَنَّهُ يُنْطَقُ بِهَا أَلِفًا ، وَالْمُعَوَّلُ عَلَيْهِ هُنَا النُّطْقُ لَا الْكِتَابَةُ ، وَتُسَمَّى هَذِهِ الْأَفْعَالُ أَفْعَالًا مُعْتَلَّةَ الْآخِرِ

Discussion: The words 'alqa', 'da'a', and 'yalqa' in the first three examples are all verbs, and the end of each of them is an alif because it is pronounced as an alif, and what is relied upon here is the pronunciation, not the writing, and these verbs are called weak-ending verbs.

وَالْكَلِمَاتُ : سَرُوَ وَتَصْفُو وَيَدْنُو فِي الْأَمْثِلَةِ الثَّلَاثَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ كُلُّهَا أَفْعَالٌ

And the words 'saruwa', 'tasfu', and 'yadnu' in the second three examples are all verbs.

Vocabulary · المفردات (15 verbs · 31 nouns)

• أَلْقَى — to throw
• خَشِيَ — to fear
• دَعَا — to call
• بَغَى — to seek
• لَقِيَ — to meet
• بَنَى — to build
• سَرُوَ — to be noble
• أَظْلَمَ — to darken
• صَفَا — to be clear
• اِتَّقَدَ — to ignite
• دَنَا — to approach
• اِسْتَحَمَّ — to bathe
• نَطَقَ — to pronounce
• عَوَّلَ — to rely
• سَمَّى — to name
• مِثَال — an example
• اِسْم — name
• رَحْمَن — merciful
• رَحِيم — merciful
• تَقْسِيم — division
• فِعْل — verb
• آخِر — end
• صَيَّاد — hunter
• شَبَكَة — net
• رَبّ — lord
• مَرِيض — patient
• طَبِيب — doctor
• رِضَا — satisfaction
• وَالِد — parent
• مُسِيء — wrongdoer
• جَزَاء — reward
• نَّاء — builder
• مَسْجِد — mosque
• رَجُل — man
• مَكَان — place
• سَمَاء — sky
• مِصْبَاح — lamp
• فَصْل — season
• شِّتَاء — winter
• عِلْم — knowledge
• بَحْث — research
• كَلِمَة — word
• ثَلَاثَة — three
• أَلِف — alif
• نُطْق — pronunciation
• كِتَابَة — writing