Al-Nahw al-Wadih Primary — Volume 1 (النحو الواضح للمرحلة الابتدائية) — Page 49

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الأَرْبَعَةُ : أَنْ - لَنْ - إِذَنْ - كَيْ

The four are: an, lan, idhan, kay.

وَإِذَا تَأَمَّلْتَ آخِرَ كُلِّ مُضَارِعٍ مَسْبُوقٍ بِوَاحِدٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَحْرُفِ الأَرْبَعَةِ فِي هَذِهِ الأَمْثِلَةِ وَفِي غَيْرِهَا وَجَدْتَهُ مَنْصُوبًا ، وَلَكِنَّكَ إِذَا حَذَفْتَ هَذَا الْحَرْفَ وَجَدْتَ الْفِعْلَ مَرْفُوعًا

If you examine the end of every present tense verb preceded by one of these four letters in these examples and others, you will find it in the accusative case (mansub), but if you remove this letter, you will find the verb in the nominative case (marfu').

وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ يُفْهَمُ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الأَحْرُفَ تَنْصِبُ الْفِعْلَ الْمُضَارِعَ

From this, it is understood that these letters put the present tense verb in the accusative case.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (16 verbs · 24 nouns)

• تَأَمَّلَ — to contemplate
• وَجَدَ — to find
• حَذَفَ — to delete
• أَرْبَعَة — four
• آخِر — end
• كُلّ — every