Al-Nahw al-Wadih Primary — Volume 1 (النحو الواضح للمرحلة الابتدائية) — Page 16

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

أَجْزَاءُ الْجُمْلَةِ

Parts of the Sentence

الْأَمْثِلَةُ :

Examples:

رَكِبَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْحِصَانَ

(1) Ibrahim rode the horse.

سَمِعْتُ النَّصِيحَةَ

(5) I heard the advice.

يُدَاعِبُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ الْقِطَّ

(2) Ismail plays with the cat.

يَسْطَعُ النُّورُ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ

(6) The light shines in the room.

يَحْصُدُ الْفَلَّاحُ الْقَمْحَ

(3) The farmer harvests the wheat.

تَجْرِي السَّفِينَةُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ

(7) The ship sails on the water.

تَأْكُلُ الشَّاةُ فُولًا وَشَعِيرًا

(4) The sheep eats beans and barley.

هَلْ تُحِبُّ السَّفَرَ

(8) Do you like traveling?

الْبَحْثُ :

Discussion:

عَرَفْنَا فِيمَا مَضَى أَنَّ الْجُمْلَةَ الْمُفِيدَةَ تَتَرَكَّبُ مِنْ أَجْزَاءٍ وَهِيَ الْكَلِمَاتُ

We have learned previously that a useful sentence is composed of parts, which are words.

وَنُرِيدُ أَنْ نَعْرِفَ فِي هَذَا الدَّرْسِ أَنْوَاعَ الْكَلِمَاتِ فَنَقُولُ

And we want to know in this lesson the types of words, so we say:

إِذَا بَحَثْنَا فِي الْجُمَلِ الَّتِي مَعَنَا وَجَدْنَا أَنَّ الْكَلِمَاتِ : إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ ، وَالْفَلَّاحَ ، أَلْفَاظٌ تُسَمَّى بِهَا أَشْخَاصٌ

If we examine the sentences we have, we find that the words: Ibrahim, Ismail, and the farmer are terms used to name people,

وَأَنَّ الْكَلِمَاتِ : الْحِصَانَ ، وَالْقِطَّ وَالشَّاةَ ، أَلْفَاظٌ تُسَمَّى بِهَا أَنْوَاعٌ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ

and that the words: the horse, the cat, and the sheep are terms used to name types of animals,

وَأَنَّ الْقَمْحَ ، وَالْفُولَ ، وَالشَّعِيرَ ، أَلْفَاظٌ تُسَمَّى بِهَا أَنْوَاعٌ مِنَ النَّبَاتِ

and that the wheat, the beans, and the barley are terms used to name types of plants,

وَأَنَّ الْحُجْرَةَ ، وَالسَّفِينَةَ ، وَالْمَاءَ ، تُسَمَّى بِهَا أَنْوَاعٌ مِنَ الْجَمَادِ

and that the room, the ship, and the water are terms used to name types of inanimate objects.

وَأَنَّ النَّصِيحَةَ ، وَالنُّورَ ، وَالسَّفَرَ ، أَلْفَاظٌ سُمِّيَ بِهَا أَنْوَاعٌ أُخْرَى مِنَ الْمَعَانِي

And that the advice, the light, and the travel are terms used to name other types of concepts;

وَلِذَلِكَ تُسَمَّى كُلُّ كَلِمَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ اسْمًا

and therefore, every word among these words is called a noun,

وَكَذَلِكَ كُلُّ كَلِمَةٍ يُسَمَّى بِهَا إِنْسَانٌ ، أَوْ حَيَوَانٌ ، أَوْ نَبَاتٌ ، أَوْ جَمَادٌ ، أَوْ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ آخَرَ

as is every word used to name a human, an animal, a plant, an inanimate object, or anything else.

نَعُودُ لِلْجُمَلِ مَرَّةً ثَانِيَةً فَنَجِدُ أَنَّ كُلَّ كَلِمَةٍ مِنَ الْكَلِمَاتِ : رَكِبَ

We return to the sentences a second time and find that every word among the words: rode,

Vocabulary · المفردات (17 verbs · 33 nouns)

• رَكِبَ — to ride
• سَمِعَ — to hear
• دَاعَبَ — to tease
• سَطَعَ — to shine
• حَصَدَ — to harvest
• جَرَى — to flow or move
• أَكَلَ — to eat
• أَحَبَّ — to love
• عَرَفَ — to know
• مَضَى — to pass
• تَرَكَّبَ — to be composed
• أَرَادَ — to want
• قَالَ — to say
• بَحَثَ — to search
• وَجَدَ — to find
• سَمَّى — to name
• عَادَ — to return
• جُزْءٌ — part
• جُمْلَةٌ — sentence
• مِثَالٌ — an example
• حِصَانٌ — horse
• نَصِيحَةٌ — advice
• قِطٌّ — cat
• نُورٌ — light
• حُجْرَةٌ — room
• فَلَّاحٌ — farmer
• قَمْحٌ — wheat
• سَفِينَةٌ — ship
• مَاءٌ — water
• شَاةٌ — sheep
• فُولٌ — bean
• شَعِيرٌ — barley
• سَفَرٌ — travel
• بَحْثٌ — research
• مُفِيدٌ — useful
• كَلِمَةٌ — word
• دَرْسٌ — lesson
• نَوْعٌ — type
• لَفْظٌ — term
• شَخْصٌ — person
• حَيَوَانٌ — animal
• نَبَاتٌ — plant
• جَمَادٌ — inanimate object
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• اسْمٌ — noun
• إِنْسَانٌ — human
• شَيْءٌ — thing
• آخَرُ — other
• مَرَّةٌ — time
• ثَانِيَةٌ — second