Al-Nahw al-Wadih Primary — Volume 1 (النحو الواضح للمرحلة الابتدائية) — Page 12

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْأَمْثِلَةُ: الْجُمْلَةُ الْمُفِيدَةُ

Examples: The Useful Sentence.

الْبُسْتَانُ جَمِيلٌ

(1) The garden is beautiful.

قَطَفَ مُحَمَّدٌ زَهْرَةً

(4) Muhammad picked a flower.

الشَّمْسُ طَالِعَةٌ

(2) The sun is rising.

يَعِيشُ السَّمَكُ فِي الْمَاءِ

(5) Fish live in the water.

شَمَّ عَلِيٌّ وَرْدَةً

(3) Ali smelled a rose.

يَكْثُرُ النَّخِيلُ فِي مِصْرَ.

(6) Palm trees are abundant in Egypt.

الْبَحْثُ: إِذَا تَأَمَّلْنَا التَّرْكِيبَ الْأَوَّلَ وَجَدْنَاهُ يَتَرَكَّبُ مِنْ كَلِمَتَيْنِ، إِحْدَاهُمَا «الْبُسْتَانُ» وَالثَّانِيَةُ «جَمِيلٌ»، فَإِذَا أَخَذْنَا الْكَلِمَةَ الْأُولَى وَحْدَهَا وَهِيَ «الْبُسْتَانُ» لَمْ نَفْهَمْ إِلَّا مَعْنًى مُفْرَدًا لَا يَكْفِي لِلتَّخَاطُبِ، وَكَذَلِكَ الْحَالُ إِذَا أَخَذْنَا الْكَلِمَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ وَحْدَهَا وَهِيَ «جَمِيلٌ»، وَلَكِنَّا، إِذَا ضَمَمْنَا إِحْدَى الْكَلِمَتَيْنِ إِلَى الْأُخْرَى عَلَى النَّحْوِ الَّذِي فِي التَّرْكِيبِ، وَقُلْنَا «الْبُسْتَانُ جَمِيلٌ».. فَهِمْنَا مَعْنًى كَامِلًا، وَاسْتَفَدْنَا فَائِدَةً تَامَّةً، وَهِيَ اتِّصَافُ الْبُسْتَانِ بِالْجَمَالِ؛ وَلِذَلِكَ يُسَمَّى هَذَا التَّرْكِيبُ جُمْلَةً مُفِيدَةً، وَكُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنَ الْكَلِمَتَيْنِ تُعَدُّ جُزْءًا مِنْ هَذِهِ الْجُمْلَةِ، وَهَكَذَا يُقَالُ فِي الْأَمْثِلَةِ الْبَاقِيَةِ وَبِهَذَا نَرَى أَنَّ الْكَلِمَةَ وَحْدَهَا لَا تَكْفِي فِي التَّخَاطُبِ، وَأَنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ

Discussion: If we examine the first construction, we find it is composed of two words, one of which is 'the garden' and the second is 'beautiful'. If we take the first word alone, which is 'the garden', we do not understand anything but a singular meaning that is not sufficient for communication, and the same is the case if we take the second word alone, which is 'beautiful'. However, if we join one of the two words to the other in the manner that is in the construction, and we say 'the garden is beautiful', we understand a complete meaning and derive a full benefit, which is the description of the garden as beautiful. Therefore, this construction is called a useful sentence, and each one of the two words is considered a part of this sentence. Thus, it is said regarding the remaining examples, and by this we see that the word alone is not sufficient in communication, and that it is necessary to have

Vocabulary · المفردات (16 verbs · 29 nouns)

• قَطَفَ — to pick
• عَاشَ — to live
• شَمَّ — to smell
• كَثُرَ — to be abundant
• تَأَمَّلَ — to contemplate
• وَجَدَ — to find
• تَرَكَّبَ — to be composed
• أَخَذَ — to take
• فَهِمَ — to understand
• كَفَى — to suffice
• ضَمَّ — to join
• قَالَ — to say
• اسْتَفَادَ — to benefit
• سَمَّى — to name
• عَدَّ — to count
• رَأَى — to see
• مِثَالٌ — an example
• جُمْلَةٌ — sentence
• بُسْتَانٌ — garden
• جَمِيلٌ — beautiful
• شَمْسٌ — sun
• طَالِعَةٌ — rising
• زَهْرَةٌ — flower
• سَمَكٌ — fish
• مَاءٌ — water
• وَرْدَةٌ — rose
• نَخْلٌ — palm trees
• بَحْثٌ — research
• تَرْكِيبٌ — structure
• أَوَّلٌ — first
• كَلِمَةٌ — word
• ثَانِيَةٌ — second
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• مُفْرَدٌ — singular
• تَخَاطُبٌ — conversation
• حَالٌ — state
• أُخْرَى — other
• نَحْوٌ — manner
• كَامِلٌ — complete
• فَائِدَةٌ — benefit
• تَامَّةٌ — complete
• اتِّصَافٌ — description
• جَمَالٌ — beauty
• جُزْءٌ — part
• بَاقِيَةٌ — remaining