Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 9 — Page 13

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الوَحْدَةُ.

Unit.

الوَحْدَةُ الأُولَى.

Unit One.

الدَّرْسُ الأَوَّلُ.

Lesson One.

لُغَوِيَّاتٌ وَتَرَاكِيبُ.

Linguistics and Structures.

ثَانِيًا: المُنَادَى الشَّبِيهُ بِالمُضَافِ.

Second: The vocative similar to the genitive construction (shabih bil-mudaf).

مِثَالٌ: يَا رَاغِبِينَ فِي نَهْضَةِ مِصْرَ هَيَّا إِلَى العِلْمِ.

Example: O you who desire the renaissance of Egypt, come to knowledge.

تَابِعُ المُنَادَى: رَاغِبِينَ مُنَادَى شَبِيهٌ بِالمُضَافِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ جَاءَ بَعْدَهُ مَا يُحَدِّدُ مَعْنَاهُ وَهُوَ الجَارُ وَالمَجْرُورُ فِي المِثَالِ.

Note on the vocative: 'Raghibin' is a vocative similar to the genitive construction because it is followed by a prepositional phrase that defines its meaning.

ثَالِثًا: النَّكِرَةُ غَيْرُ المَقْصُودَةِ: يَا طُلَّابًا، بَادِرُوا إِلَى تَحْصِيلِ العِلْمِ، يَا رَجُلًا احْرِصْ عَلَى التَّقَدُّمِ، يَا عُمَّالًا العَمَلُ وَاجِبٌ.

Third: The unintended indefinite noun: O students, hasten to acquire knowledge; O man, be keen on progress; O workers, work is a duty.

بِتَأَمُّلِ الأَمْثِلَةِ نَجِدُ أَنَّ المُنَادَى نَكِرَةٌ، وَأَنَّ النِّدَاءَ مُوَجَّهٌ فِي المِثَالِ الأَوَّلِ إِلَى عُمُومِ الطُّلَّابِ، وَلَيْسَ طُلَّابًا مُعَيَّنِينَ، كَذَلِكَ رَجُلًا وَعُمَّالًا، وَلِذَلِكَ يُسَمَّى المُنَادَى هُنَا نَكِرَةً غَيْرَ مَقْصُودَةٍ.

By examining these examples, we find that the vocative is an indefinite noun. In the first example, the call is directed to students in general, not to specific individuals; the same applies to 'man' and 'workers'. Therefore, the vocative here is called an unintended indefinite noun.

أَنْوَاعُ المُنَادَى المُعْرَبِ: ١- المُضَافُ، ٢- الشَّبِيهُ بِالمُضَافِ، ٣- النَّكِرَةُ غَيْرُ المَقْصُودَةِ.

Types of inflected vocatives: 1- The genitive construction (mudaf), 2- The vocative similar to the genitive construction (shabih bil-mudaf), 3- The unintended indefinite noun.

الإِعْرَابُ: يُنْصَبُ المُنَادَى فِي هَذِهِ الأَنْوَاعِ الثَّلَاثَةِ بِالفَتْحَةِ أَوْ مَا يَنُوبُ عَنْهَا كَمَا فِي الدَّرْسِ السَّابِقِ.

Grammatical inflection: The vocative in these three types is in the accusative case, marked by a fatha or its equivalent, as explained in the previous lesson.

تُرْسَمُ الهَمْزَةُ المُتَوَسِّطَةُ عَلَى وَاوٍ إِذَا كَانَتْ: مَضْمُومَةً وَمَا قَبْلَهَا مَفْتُوحٌ، مَضْمُومَةً وَمَا قَبْلَهَا مَضْمُومٌ، مَضْمُومَةً وَمَا قَبْلَهَا سَاكِنٌ، مَضْمُومَةً وَمَا قَبْلَهَا حَرْفٌ مَدٍّ، مَضْمُومَةً وَمَا قَبْلَهَا حَرْفٌ صَحِيحٌ سَاكِنٌ.

The medial hamza is written on a waw if it is: damma-voweled and preceded by a fatha, damma-voweled and preceded by a damma, damma-voweled and preceded by a sukun, damma-voweled and preceded by a long vowel, or damma-voweled and preceded by a silent consonant.

هَؤُلَاءِ - يَوْمُ تَبَاطُؤٍ - تَجَرُّؤٌ - يَرْؤُفُ - يَلُومُ - فُؤَادٌ - سُؤَالٌ - يُؤْذِي - رُؤْيَةٌ - خَطَوْهُ - تَفَاؤُلٌ - جَزَاؤُهُ - يُؤَدُّونَ - مُؤْتَمَرٌ - يَقْرَؤُهُ.

These - day of slowing down - boldness - he is kind - he blames - heart - question - he harms - vision - his step - optimism - his reward - they perform - conference - he reads it.

تَذَكَّرْ أَنَّ الهَمْزَةَ المُتَوَسِّطَةَ تُرْسَمُ عَلَى الأَلِفِ إِذَا كَانَتْ: مَفْتُوحَةً وَقَبْلَهَا فَتْحٌ مِثْلُ: بَدَأَتْ - يَتَأَثَّرُونَ - امْتَلَأَتْ.

Remember that the medial hamza is written on an alif if it is: fatha-voweled and preceded by a fatha, such as: she began - they are affected - it became full.

مَفْتُوحَةً وَقَبْلَهَا سَاكِنٌ مِثْلُ: نَشْأَةٌ.

Fatha-voweled and preceded by a sukun, such as: origin.

Vocabulary · المفردات (20 verbs · 54 nouns)

• حَدَّدَ — to determine
• جَاءَ — to come
• بَادَرَ — to hasten
• حَرَصَ — to be keen
• وَجَدَ — to find
• وَجَّهَ — to direct
• سَمَّى — to name
• نَصَبَ — to set in accusative case
• نَابَ — to substitute
• رَسَمَ — to draw
• كَانَ — to be
• رَأَفَ — to be kind
• لَامَ — to blame
• آذَى — to harm
• أَدَّى — to perform
• قَرَأَ — to read
• ذَكَرَ — to remember
• بَدَأَ — to begin
• تَأَثَّرَ — to be affected
• امْتَلَأَ — to be filled
• وَحْدَة — unit
• أَوَّل — first
• لُغَوِيَّات — linguistics (field of study)
• تَرَاكِيب — structures
• مُنَادَى — vocative
• شَبِيه — similar
• مُضَاف — annexed
• مِثَال — an example
• نَهْضَة — renaissance
• عِلْم — knowledge
• جَار — preposition
• مَجْرُور — genitive
• نَكِرَة — indefinite
• غَيْر — non-
• مَقْصُود — intended
• طَالِب — student
• تَحْصِيل — acquisition
• رَجُل — man
• تَقَدُّم — progress
• عَامِل — worker
• عَمَل — work
• وَاجِب — assignment, duty
• تَأَمُّل — contemplation
• أَمْثِلَة — examples
• نِدَاء — call
• عُمُوم — generality
• مُعَيَّن — specific
• أَنْوَاع — types
• مُعْرَب — inflected
• إِعْرَاب — parsing
• فَتْحَة — fatha
• سَابِق — previous
• هَمْزَة — final (hamza)
• مُتَوَسِّط — middle
• وَاو — letter waw
• حَرْف — letter
• مَدّ — lengthening
• صَحِيح — sound
• سَاكِن — quiescent
• يَوْم — day
• تَبَاطُؤ — slowness
• تَجَرُّؤ — boldness
• فُؤَاد — heart
• سُؤَال — question
• رُؤْيَة — vision
• خَطْو — step
• تَفَاؤُل — optimism
• جَزَاء — reward
• مُؤْتَمَر — conference
• أَلِف — alif
• فَتْح — fath
• نَشْأَة — origin
• أُولَى — first (feminine)
• مَضْمُوم — with damma