Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 10, Semester 2 — Page 13

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

(١) اخْتَرِ الْإِجَابَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَ مِمَّا بَيْنَ الْقَوْسَيْنِ فِيمَا يَلِي:

1. Choose the correct answer from the options in parentheses:

١ - جَمْعُ «هُدًى» . (بِدَايَات - بَوَادٍ - أَبْدَاء)

1- The plural of "huda" (guidance) is: (beginnings - valleys - beginnings).

الدَّرْسُ الْأَوَّلُ الْعَمَلُ التَّطَوُّعِيُّ - مُرَادِفُ «يُجِلُّ» : (يُعَظِّمُ - يَهْتَمُّ - يُسَايِرُ)

Lesson One: Voluntary Work - The synonym of "yujillu" (reveres) is: (to glorify - to care for - to keep pace with).

٣- مُضَادُّ «اسْتِمْرَار» : (إِقْبَال - تَوَقُّف - إِدْرَاك)

3- The antonym of "istimrar" (continuation) is: (acceptance - stopping - realization).

(ب) تَخَيَّرِ الْإِجَابَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَ بِوَضْعِ خَطٍّ تَحْتَهَا فِيمَا يَلِي

(B) Choose the correct answer by underlining it in the following:

١- عَبَّرَ الْكَاتِبُ عَنْ أَهَمِّيَّةِ الْعَمَلِ فِي: (اسْتِمْرَارِ الْحَيَاةِ - التَّرَابُطِ الْأُسَرِيِّ - الرِّعَايَةِ الصِّحِّيَّةِ)

1- The writer expressed the importance of work in: (the continuation of life - family cohesion - healthcare).

٢- مُسَاعَدَةُ الْآخَرِينَ تُخَلِّصُ النَّفْسَ مِنْ : (الْإِيثَارِ - الْأَثَرَةِ - الضَّعْفِ)

2- Helping others rids the soul of: (altruism - selfishness - weakness).

-١- الْأَعْمَالُ الْخَيْرِيَّةُ يَقُومُ بِهَا : (فُضَلَاءُ الْمُجْتَمَعِ - بُخَلَاءُ الْمُجْتَمَعِ - أَطْفَالُ الْمُجْتَمَعِ)

1- Charitable work is performed by: (the virtuous of society - the misers of society - the children of society).

(جـ) ضَعْ عَلَامَةَ (√) أَمَامَ الْعِبَارَةِ الصَّحِيحَةِ، وَعَلَامَةَ (x) أَمَامَ الْعِبَارَةِ الْخَطَأِ فِيمَا يَلِي:

(C) Place a (√) next to the correct statement and an (x) next to the incorrect statement in the following:

١ - يَرْتَبِطُ الْعَمَلُ التَّطَوُّعِيُّ بِمَرْحَلَةٍ عُمْرِيَّةٍ مُعَيَّنَةٍ:

1- Voluntary work is linked to a specific age group.

٢- الْعَمَلُ التَّطَوُّعِيُّ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى مِرَانٍ وَتَدْرِيبٍ لِاكْتِسَابِ الْمَهَارَاتِ.

2- Voluntary work requires practice and training to acquire skills.

٣- تَسْتَطِيعُ الدَّوْلَةُ بِمُفْرَدِهَا حَمْلَ الْأَعْبَاءِ.

3- The state can bear the burdens alone.

الْقَوَاعِدُ النَّحْوِيَّةُ، أُسْلُوبُ الِاسْتِثْنَاءِ:

Grammar Rules: The Style of Exception:

أَعِدْ قِرَاءَةَ الدَّرْسِ ثُمَّ تَوَقَّفْ عِنْدَ الْجُمْلَةِ التَّالِيَةِ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ سِلَاحٌ إِلَّا عَمَلُهُمْ، وَتَعَرَّفْ نَوْعَ الْأُسْلُوبِ .

Reread the lesson, then pause at the following sentence: "They have no weapon except their work," and identify the type of style.

يُسَمَّى هَذَا الْأُسْلُوبُ أُسْلُوبَ الِاسْتِثْنَاءِ:

This is called the style of exception.

تَعَالَوْا نَتَعَرَّفُ بِالتَّفْصِيلِ مُكَوِّنَاتِ هَذَا الْأُسْلُوبِ.

Let us learn the components of this style in detail.

اقْرَأِ الْأَمْثِلَةَ التَّالِيَةَ:

Read the following examples:

(أ) - فَهِمْتُ الدُّرُوسَ إِلَّا دَرْسًا.

(A) - I understood the lessons except for one.

- انْصَرَفَ الضُّيُوفُ سِوَى / غَيْرَ ضَيْفٍ.

- The guests left except for one.

- وَصَلَ السَّبَّاحُونَ خَلَا سَبَّاحًا / سَبَّاحٍ.

- The swimmers arrived except for one.

- يُسَافِرُ الطُّلَّابُ عَدَا طَالِبًا / طَالِبٍ.

- The students travel except for one.

(ب) - مَا غَابَ الطُّلَّابُ سِوَى / غَيْرَ طَالِبٍ، أَوْ غَيْرُ طَالِبٍ.

(B) - The students did not miss except for one, or one.

- أَحْتَرِمُ الطُّلَّابَ حَاشَا مُهْمِلًا / مُهْمِلٍ.

- I respect the students except for a negligent one.

- حَضَرَ الضُّيُوفُ مَا عَدَا / مَا خَلَا ضَيْفًا.

- The guests attended except for one.

- مَا سَافَرَ الطُّلَّابُ إِلَّا طَالِبًا / طَالِبٌ.

- The students did not travel except for one.

- لَا أُقَدِّرُ إِلَّا الْمُجْتَهِدَ.

- I do not appreciate anyone except the diligent.

- مَا فَازَ غَيْرُ الْمُكَافِحِ.

- No one won except the striver.

لَاحِظْ فِي أَمْثِلَةِ الْمَجْمُوعَةِ الْأُولَى تَكَوَّنَتْ جُمْلَةُ الِاسْتِثْنَاءِ الْأُولَى مِنْ:

Notice in the first group of examples that the first exception sentence consisted of:

- الْمُسْتَثْنَى مِنْهُ (الدُّرُوسُ).

- The excepted-from (the lessons).

- أَدَاةِ الِاسْتِثْنَاءِ (إِلَّا).

- The exception particle (except).

- الْمُسْتَثْنَى (دَرْسًا).

- The exception (a lesson).

- وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْجُمْلَةُ مِنْ أَدَوَاتِ النَّفْيِ؛ لِذَلِكَ جَاءَ الْمُسْتَثْنَى مَنْصُوبًا، وَفِي الْجُمْلَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ سُبِقَتِ الْجُمْلَةُ بِأَدَاةِ نَفْيٍ وَبَقِيَتِ الْأَجْزَاءُ الثَّلَاثَةُ مَوْجُودَةً؛ لِذَلِكَ جَاءَ الْمُسْتَثْنَى مَنْصُوبًا أَوْ بَدَلًا مِنَ الْمُسْتَثْنَى مِنْهُ.

- The sentence was free of negation; therefore, the exception is in the accusative case. In the second sentence, the statement was preceded by a negation particle while all three parts remained present; therefore, the exception is either in the accusative case or acts as a substitute for the excepted-from.

Vocabulary · المفردات (31 verbs · 74 nouns)

• اِخْتَارَ — to choose
• أَجَلَّ — to revere
• عَظَّمَ — to glorify
• اِهْتَمَّ — to care
• سَايَرَ — to keep pace with
• تَخَيَّرَ — to choose
• عَبَّرَ — to express
• خَلَّصَ — to save
• قَامَ — to stand/perform
• ارْتَبَطَ — to be linked
• احْتَاجَ — to need
• اسْتَطَاعَ — to be able
• أَعَادَ — to repeat
• تَوَقَّفَ — to stop
• تَعَرَّفَ — to recognize
• سَمَّى — to name
• تَعَالَى — to come
• قَرَأَ — to read
• فَهِمَ — to understand
• انْصَرَفَ — to leave
• وَصَلَ — to arrive
• سَافَرَ — to travel
• غَابَ — to be absent
• احْتَرَمَ — to respect
• حَضَرَ — to attend
• فَازَ — to win
• لَاحَظَ — to observe
• تَكَوَّنَ — to consist
• خَلَا — to be empty
• سَبَقَ — to precede
• بَقِيَ — to remain
• إِجَابَة — answer
• قَوْس — bracket
• جَمْع — plural
• هُدًى — guidance
• بِدَايَة — beginning
• بَادِيَة — desert
• إِبْدَاء — initiation
• دَرْس — lesson
• عَمَل — work
• تَطَوُّعِيّ — voluntary
• مُرَادِف — synonym
• مُضَادّ — antonym
• اسْتِمْرَار — continuation
• إِقْبَال — approach; coming; turning towards
• تَوَقُّف — stoppage
• إِدْرَاك — realization
• وَضْع — placement
• خَطّ — line
• كَاتِب — writer, author
• أَهَمِّيَّة — importance
• حَيَاة — life
• تَرَابُط — cohesion
• أُسَرِيّ — familial
• رِعَايَة — care
• صِحِّيّ — health
• مُسَاعَدَة — assistance
• آخَر — other
• نَفْس — soul / psyche
• إِيثَار — altruism
• أَثَرَة — selfishness
• ضَعْف — weakness
• خَيْرِيّ — charitable
• فَاضِل — virtuous person
• مُجْتَمَع — society
• بَخِيل — miser
• طِفْل — child
• عَلَامَة — mark
• عِبَارَة — phrase
• خَطَأ — error
• مَرْحَلَة — stage
• عُمْرِيَّة — age-related
• مِرَان — practice
• تَدْرِيب — training
• اكْتِسَاب — acquisition
• مَهَارَة — skill
• دَوْلَة — state
• مُفْرَد — individual
• حَمْل — carrying
• عِبْء — burden
• قَاعِدَة — rule
• نَحْوِيَّة — grammatical (feminine adjective)
• أُسْلُوب — style
• اسْتِثْنَاء — exception
• سِلَاح — arm / weapon
• نَوْع — type
• تَفْصِيل — detail
• مُكَوِّن — component
• مِثَال — an example
• ضَيْف — guest
• سَبَّاح — swimmer
• طَالِب — student
• مُهْمِل — negligent person
• مُجْتَهِد — diligent
• مُكَافِح — struggler
• مَجْمُوعَة — group
• مُسْتَثْنَى — exception
• أَدَاة — tool
• نَفْي — negation
• جُزْء — part
• ثَلَاثَة — three
• مَوْجُود — present
• بَدَل — substitute
• أُولَى — first (feminine)
• مُعَيَّنَة — specific