Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 10, Semester 1 — Page 17

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

النَّصُّ: شَأْنٌ نَامٍ لِلْعُلَا وَكُهُولٌ لِلسَّمَوْأَلِ.

Text: A rising status for glory and elders for Al-Samaw'al.

فِي أَثْنَاءِ الْقِرَاءَةِ: إِذَا الْمَرْءُ لَمْ يَدْنَسْ مِنَ اللَّوْمِ عِرْضُهُ فَكُلُّ رِدَاءٍ يَرْتَدِيهِ جَمِيلُ.

During reading: If a man’s honor is not stained by blame, then any garment he wears is beautiful.

إِنْ هُوَ لَمْ يَحْمِلْ عَلَى النَّفْسِ ضَيْمَهَا فَلَيْسَ إِلَى حُسْنِ الثَّنَاءِ سَبِيلُ.

If he does not bear injustice upon his soul, there is no path to true praise.

عَلِّلِ الشَّاعِرُ قِلَّةَ عَدَدِ أَفْرَادِ قَبِيلَتِهِ؟

Why did the poet explain the small number of his tribe?

قَلِيلٌ عَدِيدُنَا فَقُلْتُ لَهَا إِنَّ الْكِرَامَ قَلِيلُ.

Our numbers are few, so I told her that the noble are always few.

وَمَا قَلَّ مَنْ كَانَتْ بَقَايَاهُ مِثْلَنَا شَبَابٌ تَسَامَى لِلْعُلَا وَكُهُولُ.

He is not few whose survivors are like us: youth who rose to glory and elders.

مَا الْعَلَاقَةُ بَيْنَ الشَّاعِرِ وَجِيرَانِهِ؟

What is the relationship between the poet and his neighbors?

وَمَا ضَرَّنَا أَنَّا قَلِيلٌ وَجَارُنَا عَزِيزٌ وَجَارُ الْأَكْثَرِينَ ذَلِيلُ.

It does not harm us that we are few, for our neighbor is mighty, while the neighbor of the majority is lowly.

إِذَا سَيِّدٌ مِنَّا خَلَا قَامَ سَيِّدٌ قَؤُولٌ لِمَا قَالَ الْكِرَامُ فَعُولُ.

If a master among us passes away, another rises—eloquent in the speech of the noble and a man of action.

مَا أُحْمِدَتْ نَارٌ لَنَا دُونَ طَارِقٍ وَلَا ذَمَّنَا فِي النَّازِلِينَ نَزِيلُ.

No fire of ours has ever gone out without a visitor, and no guest who has descended upon us has ever found cause to blame us.

وَأَيَّامُنَا مَشْهُورَةٌ فِي عَدُوِّنَا لَهَا غُرَرٌ مَعْلُومَةٌ وَحُجُولُ.

Our days of battle are famous among our enemies, marked by clear signs of distinction and glory.

إِنْ جَهِلَتِ النَّاسُ عَنَّا وَعَنْهُمُ فَلَيْسَ سَوَاءٌ عَالِمٌ وَجَهُولٌ.

If people are ignorant of us and of them, the learned and the ignorant are not the same.

نَشَاطٌ: الْكَلِمَةُ وَالسِّيَاقُ.

Activity: Word and Context.

بِالرُّجُوعِ إِلَى مُعْجَمِكَ فَسِّرْ مَعَانِيَ الْكَلِمَاتِ الَّتِي تَحْتَهَا خَطٌّ.

Refer to your dictionary to explain the meanings of the underlined words.

أَوَّلًا بِيئَةُ النَّصِّ.

First: The environment of the text.

بَعْدَ الْقِرَاءَةِ: تَحْلِيلُ النَّصِّ.

After reading: Analysis of the text.

يَنْتَمِي هَذَا النَّصُّ إِلَى الْعَصْرِ الْجَاهِلِيِّ (عَصْرِ مَا قَبْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ).

This text belongs to the Jahiliyyah era (the pre-Islamic period).

وَقَدِ اشْتَمَلَ الْعَصْرُ الْجَاهِلِيُّ عَلَى عِدَّةِ بِيئَاتٍ.

The Jahiliyyah era encompassed several environments.

الْبِيئَةُ الزَّمَانِيَّةُ: الْعَصْرُ الْجَاهِلِيُّ هُوَ الْفَتْرَةُ الَّتِي سَبَقَتْ ظُهُورَ الْإِسْلَامِ بِنَحْوِ قَرْنٍ وَنِصْفٍ تَقْرِيبًا، وَالْأَدَبُ الْجَاهِلِيُّ هُوَ أَدَبُ تِلْكَ الْفَتْرَةِ.

The temporal environment: The Jahiliyyah era is the period that preceded the emergence of Islam by about a century and a half, and Jahiliyyah literature refers to the literature of that period.

نَشَاطٌ: لِمَاذَا سُمِّيَ الْعَصْرُ الْجَاهِلِيُّ بِهَذَا الِاسْمِ؟

Activity: Why was the Jahiliyyah era given this name?

الْبِيئَةُ الْمَكَانِيَّةُ: تَقَعُ بِلَادُ الْعَرَبِ فِي الْجَنُوبِ الْغَرْبِيِّ مِنْ آسِيَا، وَتَضُمُّ خَمْسَةَ أَقْسَامٍ هِيَ الْحِجَازُ، تِهَامَةُ، نَجْدٌ، الْيَمَامَةُ، الْيَمَنُ.

The spatial environment: The land of the Arabs is located in southwest Asia and comprises five regions: Hejaz, Tihamah, Najd, Al-Yamamah, and Yemen.

Vocabulary · المفردات (20 verbs · 69 nouns)

• دَنِسَ — to be defiled
• اِرْتَدَى — to wear
• حَمَلَ — to carry
• قَلَّ — to be few
• كَانَ — to be
• تَسَامَى — to rise high
• ضَرَّ — to harm
• خَلَا — to be vacant
• قَامَ — to stand
• قَالَ — to say
• حَمِدَ — to praise
• ذَمَّ — to blame
• جَهِلَ — to be ignorant
• فَسَّرَ — to explain
• اِنْتَمَى — to belong
• اِشْتَمَلَ — to include
• سَبَقَ — to precede
• سَمَّى — to name
• وَقَعَ — to be located
• ضَمَّ — to contain
• شَأْنٌ — matter
• عُلَا — high status
• كَهْلٌ — man
• مَرْءٌ — man
• لَوْمٌ — blame
• عِرْضٌ — honor
• رِدَاءٌ — garment
• نَفْسٌ — soul / psyche
• ضَيْمٌ — injustice
• حُسْنٌ — goodness
• ثَنَاءٌ — praise
• سَبِيلٌ — path
• شَاعِرٌ — poet
• قِلَّةٌ — scarcity
• عَدَدٌ — number
• فَرْدٌ — individual
• قَبِيلَةٌ — tribe
• عَدِيدٌ — number
• كَرِيمٌ — noble man
• بَقِيَّةٌ — remnant
• شَابٌّ — youth
• عَلَاقَةٌ — relationship
• جَارٌ — neighbor
• عَزِيزٌ — dear
• ذَلِيلٌ — humiliated man
• سَيِّدٌ — master
• قَؤُولٌ — eloquent speaker
• فَعُولٌ — doer
• نَارٌ — fire
• طَارِقٌ — night visitor/caller
• نَازِلٌ — guest
• نَزِيلٌ — guest
• يَوْمٌ — day
• مَشْهُورٌ — famous
• عَدُوٌّ — enemy
• غُرَّةٌ — white mark
• مَعْلُومٌ — known
• حَجَلٌ — white mark on horse leg
• نَاسٌ — people
• سَوَاءٌ — equal
• عَالِمٌ — a scholar; a scientist; a knowledgeable person
• جَهُولٌ — ignorant
• نَشَاطٌ — activity
• كَلِمَةٌ — a word (grammatical term)
• سِيَاقٌ — context
• رُجُوعٌ — return
• مُعْجَمٌ — dictionary
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• خَطٌّ — line
• بِيئَةٌ — environment
• نَصٌّ — text
• قِرَاءَةٌ — reading
• تَحْلِيلٌ — analysis
• عَصْرٌ — era
• جَاهِلِيٌّ — pre-Islamic
• إِسْلَامٌ — Islam
• فَتْرَةٌ — period
• ظُهُورٌ — appearance
• قَرْنٌ — century
• نِصْفٌ — half
• أَدَبٌ — literature
• اسْمٌ — name
• بِلَادٌ — lands
• عَرَبٌ — Arabs (as a people or ethnic group)
• جَنُوبٌ — south
• غَرْبِيٌّ — western
• آسِيَا — Asia
• قِسْمٌ — part
• مَكَانِيَّة — locative