Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 3 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 15

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَدَلَالَتُهَا عَلَى أَمْرٍ خَارِجٍ دَلَالَةُ الْتِزَامٍ.

Its indication of an external matter is an indication of implication.

مِثَالُ ذَلِكَ: (الْخَلَّاقُ) دَلَّ عَلَى الذَّاتِ وَهُوَ الرَّبُّ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - وَعَلَى الصِّفَةِ وَهِيَ الْخَلْقُ جَمِيعاً دَلَالَةُ مُطَابَقَةٍ،

For example, the name The Creator refers to the Essence—the Lord, Mighty and Majestic—and the attribute of creation in its entirety as an indication of correspondence.

وَدَلَّ عَلَى الذَّاتِ وَحْدَهَا، أَوْ عَلَى الصِّفَةِ وَحْدَهَا دَلَالَةُ تَضَمُّنٍ وَدَلَّ عَلَى الْقُدْرَةِ وَالْعِلْمِ دَلَالَةُ الْتِزَامٍ.

It refers to the Essence alone or the attribute alone as an indication of inclusion, while it refers to power and knowledge as an indication of implication.

الثَّامِنُ: أَسْمَاءُ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - لَا يَتِمُّ الْإِيمَانُ بِهَا إِلَّا بِثَلَاثَةِ أُمُورٍ إِذَا كَانَ الِاسْمُ مُتَعَدِّياً:

Eighth: Faith in the names of Allah—Mighty and Majestic—is incomplete without three things if the name is transitive.

الْإِيمَانُ بِالِاسْمِ أَسْمَاءُ اللَّهِ وَالْإِيمَانُ بِمَا تَضَمَّنَهُ مِنْ صِفَةٍ، وَمَا تَضَمَّنَهُ مِنْ أَثَرٍ وَحُكْمٍ،

One must believe in the name itself, the attribute it encompasses, and the effect and ruling it entails.

فَالْعَلِيمُ مَثَلاً لَا يَتِمُّ الْإِيمَانُ بِهِ حَتَّى نُؤْمِنَ بِأَنَّ الْعَلِيمَ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ.

For instance, faith in The All-Knowing is incomplete until we believe that this is indeed one of the names of Allah.

وَنُؤْمِنَ بِمَا تَضَمَّنَهُ مِنْ صِفَةِ الْعِلْمِ وَنُؤْمِنَ بِالْحُكْمِ الْمُرَتَّبِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَهُوَ أَنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ،

We must also believe in the attribute of knowledge it contains and the corresponding ruling that He knows all things.

وَإِذَا كَانَ الِاسْمُ غَيْرَ مُتَعَدٍّ فَنُؤْمِنُ بِأَنَّهُ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ وَبِمَا يَتَضَمَّنُهُ مِنْ صِفَةٍ.

If the name is intransitive, we simply believe that it is one of the names of Allah and acknowledge the attribute it encompasses.

التَّاسِعُ: أَنَّ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ مَا يَخْتَصُّ بِهِ مِثْلُ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ، رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَمَا أَشْبَهَ ذَلِكَ.

Ninth: Some of Allah's names are exclusive to Him, such as Allah, The Most Gracious, and Lord of the Worlds, among others.

وَمِنْهَا مَا لَا يَخْتَصُّ بِهِ مِثْلُ الرَّحِيمِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ

Others are not exclusive to Him, such as The Merciful, The All-Hearing, and The All-Knowing.

قَالَ تَعَالَى: إِنَّا خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ أَمْشَاجٍ نَبْتَلِيهِ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ سَمِيعاً بَصِيراً.

Indeed, We created man from a sperm-drop mixture that We may try him; and We made him hearing and seeing.

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى عَنِ النَّبِيِّ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ.

He also said regarding the Prophet: To the believers, he is kind and merciful.

انْظُرْ أَيْضاً رِسَالَةَ الْقَوَاعِدِ الْمُثْلَى لِلشَّيْخِ الْعُثَيْمِينِ حَفِظَهُ اللَّهُ.

Refer also to the treatise The Ideal Rules by Sheikh Al-Uthaymeen, may Allah protect him.

وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْقَيِّمِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي بَدَائِعِ الْفَوَائِدِ مَا مُلَخَّصُهُ: مَا يَجْرِي صِفَةً أَوْ خَبَراً عَنِ الرَّبِّ تَعَالَى أَقْسَامٌ:

Ibn al-Qayyim, may Allah have mercy on him, summarized in Bada'i al-Fawa'id that terms used as attributes or descriptions of the Lord, Exalted is He, fall into categories.

الْأَوَّلُ: مَا يَرْجِعُ إِلَى الذَّاتِ نَفْسِهَا كَالشَّيْءِ، وَالْمَوْجُودِ.

First: Those referring to the Essence itself, such as The Thing and The Existent.

الثَّانِي: مَا يَرْجِعُ إِلَى صِفَاتٍ مَعْنَوِيَّةٍ كَالسَّمِيعِ، وَالْعَلِيمِ، وَالْقَدِيرِ.

Second: Those referring to abstract attributes, such as The All-Hearing, The All-Knowing, and The All-Powerful.

الثَّالِثُ: مَا يَرْجِعُ إِلَى أَفْعَالِهِ كَالْخَالِقِ، وَالرَّزَّاقِ.

Third: Those referring to His actions, such as The Creator and The Provider.

Vocabulary · المفردات (19 verbs · 54 nouns)

• دَلَّ — to indicate
• عَزَّ — to be mighty
• جَلَّ — to be majestic
• تَمَّ — to be completed
• تَضَمَّنَ — to include
• آمَنَ — to believe
• رَتَّبَ — to arrange
• عَلِمَ — to know
• اِخْتَصَّ — to be specific
• أَشْبَهَ — to resemble
• قَالَ — to say
• خَلَقَ — to create
• اِبْتَلَى — to test
• جَعَلَ — to make
• نَظَرَ — to look
• حَفِظَ — to protect
• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• جَرَى — to be applied
• رَجَعَ — to return
• دَلَالَة — indication
• أَمْر — matter
• خَارِج — external
• الْتِزَام — implication
• مِثَال — an example
• خَلَّاق — creator
• ذَات — essence
• رَبّ — lord
• صِفَة — attribute
• خَلْق — creation
• جَمِيع — all
• مُطَابَقَة — correspondence
• تَضَمُّن — inclusion
• قُدْرَة — power
• عِلْم — knowledge
• ثَامِن — eighth
• اسْم — name
• إِيمَان — faith
• مُتَعَدِّي — transitive
• أَثَر — effect
• حُكْم — ruling
• عَلِيم — The Knower of all
• مَثَل — for example
• شَيْء — thing
• تَاسِع — ninth
• رَحْمَن — The Beneficent
• عَالَم — world
• رَحِيم — The Merciful
• سَمِيع — The Hearer of all
• إِنْسَان — human
• نُطْفَة — drop
• أَمْشَاج — mixture
• بَصِير — all-seeing
• نَبِيّ — prophet
• مُؤْمِن — believer
• رَءُوف — kind
• رِسَالَة — treatise
• قَاعِدَة — rule
• مُثْلَى — ideal
• شَيْخ — sheikh
• بَدَائِع — wonders
• فَائِدَة — benefit
• مُلَخَّص — summary
• خَبَر — news
• قِسْم — section
• أَوَّل — first
• مَوْجُود — existent
• ثَانِي — second
• مَعْنَوِيّ — abstract
• قَدِير — all-powerful
• ثَالِث — third
• فِعْل — action
• خَالِق — creator
• رَزَّاق — provider