Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 3 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 11

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

«لَا مَالِكَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ»

There is no owner except Allah.

فَالرَّسُولُ - ﷺ - أَشَارَ إِلَى الْعِلَّةِ وَهِيَ : لَا مَالِكَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ

The Messenger pointed to the reason, which is: There is no owner except Allah.

فَكَيْفَ تَقُولُ : مَلِكُ الْأَمْلَاكِ، وَهُوَ لَا مَالِكَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ

So how can you say: 'King of Kings', while there is no owner except Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

لَيْسَ كُلُّ مَلِكٍ مَالِكًا، وَلَيْسَ كُلُّ مَالِكٍ مَلِكًا،

Not every king is an owner, and not every owner is a king.

فَقَدْ يَكُونُ الْإِنْسَانُ مَلِكًا، وَلَكِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ بِيَدِهِ التَّدْبِيرُ

A human might be a king, but the management is not in his hands.

وَقَدْ يَكُونُ الْإِنْسَانُ مَالِكًا وَيَتَصَرَّفُ فِيمَا يَمْلِكُهُ،

And a human might be an owner and acts upon what he owns.

فَالْمَلِكُ مَنْ مَلَكَ السُّلْطَةَ الْمُطْلَقَةَ

The king is the one who possesses absolute authority.

أَمَّا الْمَالِكُ فَهُوَ الَّذِي لَهُ التَّصَرُّفُ بِشَيْءٍ مُعَيَّنٍ كَمَالِكِ الْبَيْتِ، وَمَالِكِ السَّيَّارَةِ

As for the owner, he is the one who has the right to act upon a specific thing, like the owner of a house or the owner of a car.

وَيُسْتَفَادُ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ، أَيْضًا: ١ - إِثْبَاتُ صِفَةِ الْغَيْظِ لِلَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - وَأَنَّهُ يَتَفَاضَلُ لِقَوْلِهِ : «أَغْيَظُ» وَهُوَ اسْمُ تَفْضِيلٍ

It is also benefited from the hadith: the affirmation of the attribute of rage for Allah - the Almighty and Majestic - and that it varies in degree, due to His saying: 'Most enraged', which is a superlative noun.

حِكْمَةُ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ فِي التَّعْلِيمِ ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَمَّا بَيَّنَ أَنَّ هَذَا أَخْنَعُ اسْمٍ وَأَغْيَظُهُ أَشَارَ إِلَى الْعِلَّةِ وَهُوَ: لَا مَالِكَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ

The wisdom of the Messenger (peace be upon him) in teaching; because when he clarified that this is the most despicable name and the most enraging of them, he pointed to the reason, which is: There is no owner except Allah.

يَنْبَغِي لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ يُعَلِّمُ النَّاسَ أَنْ يَقْرِنَ الْأَحْكَامَ بِمَا تَطْمَئِنُّ إِلَيْهِ النُّفُوسُ مِنْ أَدِلَّةٍ شَرْعِيَّةٍ أَوْ عِلَلٍ مَرْعِيَّةٍ

It is appropriate for every person who teaches people to link rulings to what the souls are reassured by, from legal evidences or observed reasons.

الْعِلْمُ مَعْرِفَةُ الْهُدَى بِدَلِيلِهِ مَا ذَاكَ وَالتَّقْلِيدُ يَسْتَوِيَانِ

Knowledge is knowing guidance by its evidence; that and imitation are not equal.

فَالْعِلْمُ أَنْ تَرْبِطَ الْأَحْكَامَ بِأَدِلَّتِهَا الْأَثَرِيَّةِ، أَوِ النَّظَرِيَّةِ،

Knowledge is to connect rulings to their traditional or theoretical evidences.

فَالْأَثَرِيَّةُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ كِتَابٍ وَسُنَّةٍ، أَوْ إِجْمَاعٍ

The traditional is what is from the Book and the Sunnah, or consensus.

وَالنَّظَرِيَّةُ الْعَقْلِيَّةُ أَيْ : الْعِلَلُ الْمَرْعِيَّةُ الَّتِي يَعْتَبِرُهَا الشَّرْعُ.

And the theoretical rational is: the observed reasons which the Law considers.

Vocabulary · المفردات (25 verbs · 37 nouns)

• أَخَذَ — to be inferred
• أَشَارَ — to point out
• قَالَ — to say
• عَزَّ — to be mighty
• جَلَّ — to be majestic
• كَانَ — to be
• تَصَرَّفَ — to act
• مَلَكَ — to own
• فَعَلَ — to do
• أَشْبَهَ — to resemble
• عَنَى — to mean
• اِسْتَفَادَ — to benefit
• تَفَاضَلَ — to be superior
• بَيَّنَ — to clarify
• اِنْبَغَى — to be appropriate
• عَلَّمَ — to teach
• قَرَنَ — to link
• اِطْمَأَنَّ — to be reassured
• اِسْتَوَى — to be equal
• رَبَطَ — to connect
• اِعْتَبَرَ — to consider
• أَثْبَتَ — to prove/establish
• عَبَّرَ — to express
• رَعَى — to observe/regard
• عَرَفَ — to know
• قَوْلٌ — saying
• مَالِكٌ — owner
• رَسُولٌ — messenger
• عِلَّةٌ — reason
• مَلِكٌ — king
• أَمْلَاكٌ — possessions
• فَرْقٌ — difference
• إِنْسَانٌ — human
• تَدْبِيرٌ — management
• سُلْطَةٌ — authority
• بَيْتٌ — house
• سَيَّارَةٌ — car
• حَدِيثٌ — hadith
• صِفَةٌ — attribute
• غَيْظٌ — rage
• اِسْمٌ — name
• تَفْضِيلٌ — preference
• حِكْمَةٌ — wisdom
• تَعْلِيمٌ — teaching
• تَعْبِيرٌ — expression
• نَاسٌ — people
• حُكْمٌ — ruling
• نَفْسٌ — soul
• دَلِيْل — evidence
• عِلْمٌ — knowledge
• مَعْرِفَةٌ — knowledge
• هُدًى — guidance
• تَقْلِيدٌ — imitation
• كِتَابٌ — book
• سُنَّةٌ — tradition
• إِجْمَاعٌ — consensus
• شَرْعٌ — law
• يَدٌ — hand
• شَيْءٌ — thing
• إِثْبَاتٌ — proof
• أَثَرٌ — tradition
• عَقْلٌ — intellect