Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 2 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 328

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَأَمَّا الرَّابِعُ فَدَعْوَى التَّخْصِيصِ تَحْتَاجُ إِلَى دَلِيلٍ، وَإِلَّا فَالْأَصْلُ التَّأَسِّي.

As for the fourth point, the claim of specification requires evidence; otherwise, the default principle is to follow the example [of the Prophet].

وَأَمَّا الْخَاصُّ فَضَعِيفٌ لِأَنَّ الْأَصْلَ عَدَمُ الْحَذْفِ، وَلِأَنَّ الْحَذْفَ هُنَا يَسْتَلْزِمُ فَهْماً بَاطِلاً وَلَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ الرَّسُولُ ﷺ بِمَا يَسْتَلْزِمُ ذَلِكَ بِدُونِ بَيَانِ الْمُرَادِ، وَعَلَى هَذَا يَكُونُ أَقْرَبُهَا الْوَجْهُ السَّادِسُ أَنَّهُ مَنْسُوخٌ وَلَا نَجْزِمُ بِذَلِكَ لِعَدَمِ الْعِلْمِ بِالتَّارِيخِ، وَلِهَذَا قُلْنَا أَقْرَبُهَا وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ النَّوَوِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ ارْتَضَى أَنَّ هَذَا مِمَّا يَجْرِي عَلَى اللِّسَانِ بِدُونِ قَصْدٍ، لَكِنَّ هَذَا ضَعِيفٌ لَا يُمْكِنُ الْقَوْلُ بِهِ.

As for the specific [interpretation], it is weak because the default principle is the absence of omission, and because omission here necessitates a false understanding, and it is not possible for the Messenger (peace be upon him) to speak in a way that necessitates that without clarifying what is intended. Based on this, the most plausible of them is the sixth point, that it is abrogated, though we do not assert this definitively due to a lack of knowledge regarding the chronology; this is why we said 'the most plausible of them,' and Allah knows best. Even though al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) accepted that this is something that slips off the tongue without intent, this is weak and cannot be maintained.

قَوْلُهُ: «لَأَنْ أَحْلِفَ بِاللَّهِ كَاذِباً»: اللَّامُ لَامُ الِابْتِدَاءِ، وَ«أَنْ» مَصْدَرِيَّةٌ فَيَكُونُ قَوْلُهُ: «أَنْ أَحْلِفَ» مُؤَوَّلاً بِمَصْدَرٍ مُبْتَدَأٍ تَقْدِيرُهُ لَحَلِفِي بِاللَّهِ.

His statement: 'That I should swear by Allah falsely': The 'lam' is the 'lam' of inception (lam al-ibtida'), and 'an' is the infinitive particle, so his statement 'that I should swear' is interpreted as an infinitive acting as the subject, the estimation of which is 'my swearing by Allah'.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (12 verbs · 47 nouns)

• اِحْتَاجَ — to need
• اِسْتَلْزَمَ — to necessitate
• تَكَلَّمَ — to speak
• رَابِع — fourth
• دَعْوَى — claim
• تَخْصِيص — specification