Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 2 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 20

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

ظُلْمًا إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نَارًا وَسَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيرًا.

Indeed, those who devour the property of orphans unjustly are only consuming into their bellies fire. And they will be burned in a Blaze.

قَوْلُهُ: «وَالتَّوَلِّي يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ»: التَّوَلِّي: بِمَعْنَى الْإِدْبَارِ وَالْإِعْرَاضِ وَيَوْمُ الزَّحْفِ أَيْ: يَوْمُ تَلَاحُمِ الصَّفَّيْنِ فِي الْقِتَالِ مَعَ الْكُفَّارِ، وَسُمِّيَ يَوْمُ الزَّحْفِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْجُمُوعَ إِذَا تَقَابَلَتْ تَجِدُ أَنَّ بَعْضَهَا يَزْحَفُ إِلَى بَعْضٍ، كَالَّذِي يَمْشِي زَحْفًا كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ يَهَابُ الْآخَرَ، فَيَمْشِي رُوَيْدًا رُوَيْدًا.

His saying: 'And turning one's back on the day of the advance': 'Turning' means retreating and shunning, and the 'day of the advance' means the day the two ranks clash in battle against the disbelievers; it was called the 'day of the advance' because when the masses meet, you find that some of them crawl toward others, like one who walks by crawling, each of them fearing the other, so he walks slowly and cautiously.

وَالتَّوَلِّي يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ مِنْ كَبَائِرِ الذُّنُوبِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ يَتَضَمَّنُ الْإِعْرَاضَ عَنِ الْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَكَسْرَ قُلُوبِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَتَقْوِيَةَ أَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ، وَهَذَا يُؤَدِّي إِلَى هَزِيمَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.

Turning one's back on the day of the advance is one of the major sins, because it involves shunning Jihad in the path of Allah, breaking the hearts of the Muslims, and strengthening the enemies of Allah, and this leads to the defeat of the Muslims.

لَكِنَّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ خَصَّصَتْهُ الْآيَةُ وَهِيَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: «وَمَنْ يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفًا لِقِتَالٍ أَوْ مُتَحَيِّزًا إِلَى فِئَةٍ فَقَدْ بَاءَ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ».

And whoever turns his back to them on such a day, unless swerving [as a strategy] for war or joining [another] company, has certainly returned with anger [upon him] from Allah, and his refuge is Hell - and wretched is the destination.

فَاللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ اسْتَثْنَى حَالَتَيْنِ: الْأُولَى: أَنْ يَكُونَ مُتَحَرِّفًا لِقِتَالٍ أَيْ مُتَهَيِّئًا لَهُ كَمَنْ يَنْصَرِفُ لِيُصْلِحَ مِنْ شَأْنِهِ أَوْ يُهَيِّئَ الْأَسْلِحَةَ وَيُعِدَّهَا، وَمِنْهُ الِانْحِرَافُ إِلَى مَكَانٍ آخَرَ يَأْتِي الْعَدُوُّ مِنْ جِهَتِهِ، فَهَذَا لَا يُعَدُّ مُتَوَلِّيًا إِنَّمَا يُعَدُّ مُتَهَيِّئًا.

Allah, glory be to Him, excepted two cases: The first is that he is maneuvering for battle, meaning preparing for it, like one who turns away to attend to his affairs or to prepare and ready weapons; from this is shifting to another location from which the enemy is approaching, so this is not considered turning one's back, but rather it is considered preparing.

الثَّانِيَةُ: الْمُتَحَيِّزُ إِلَى فِئَةٍ كَمَا إِذَا حَضَرَتْ سَرِيَّةٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ عَلَيْهَا الْعَدُوُّ، فَانْصَرَفَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ لِيُنْقِذَهَا فَهَذَا لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ لِدُعَاءِ الضَّرُورَةِ إِلَيْهِ، بِشَرْطِ أَلَّا يَكُونَ عَلَى الْجَيْشِ ضَرَرٌ، فَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى الْجَيْشِ ضَرَرٌ، وَذَهَبَتْ طَائِفَةٌ كَبِيرَةٌ إِلَى هَذِهِ السَّرِيَّةِ بِحَيْثُ تُوهِنُ قُوَّةَ الْجَيْشِ، وَتَكْسِرُهُ أَمَامَ الْعَدُوِّ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ؛ لِأَنَّ الضَّرَرَ هُنَا مُتَحَقِّقٌ، وَإِنْقَاذَ السَّرِيَّةِ غَيْرُ مُتَحَقِّقٍ، فَلَا يَجُوزُ لِأَنَّ الْمَقْصُودَ إِظْهَارُ دِينِ اللَّهِ، وَفِي هَذَا إِذْلَالٌ لِدِينِ اللَّهِ، إِلَّا إِذَا كَانَ الْكُفَّارُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ.

The second is joining another company, such as if a detachment of Muslims is present and the enemy might destroy it, so he turns away from these [others] to rescue it; this is permissible due to the necessity of it, provided that there is no harm to the army. If there is harm to the army, and a large group goes to this detachment in a way that weakens the strength of the army and breaks it before the enemy, then it is not permissible, because the harm here is certain, and the rescue of the detachment is uncertain, so it is not permissible because the objective is to manifest the religion of Allah, and in this is humiliation to the religion of Allah, unless the disbelievers are more than.

Vocabulary · المفردات (30 verbs · 55 nouns)

• أَكَلَ — to eat
• صَلَى — to burn in hell
• تَوَلَّى — to turn away
• سَمَّى — to name
• تَقَابَلَ — to meet
• وَجَدَ — to find
• زَحَفَ — to crawl
• مَشَى — to walk
• هَابَ — to fear
• تَضَمَّنَ — to include
• أَدَّى — to lead to
• خَصَّصَ — to specify
• وَلَّى — to turn
• تَحَرَّفَ — to maneuver
• تَحَيَّزَ — to join
• بَاءَ — to return with
• اسْتَثْنَى — to exclude
• تَهَيَّأَ — to prepare
• انْصَرَفَ — to leave
• أَصْلَحَ — to fix
• هَيَّأَ — to prepare
• أَعَدَّ — to prepare
• أَتَى — to come
• حَضَرَ — to attend
• قَضَى — to finish off
• أَنْقَذَ — to save
• ذَهَبَ — to go
• أَوْهَنَ — to weaken
• كَسَرَ — to break
• جَازَ — to be permissible
• ظُلْمٌ — injustice
• بَطْنٌ — belly
• نَارٌ — fire
• سَعِيرٌ — blaze
• قَوْلٌ — saying
• يَوْمٌ — day
• زَحْفٌ — crawling
• إِدْبَارٌ — turning back
• إِعْرَاضٌ — turning away
• تَلَاحُمٌ — clash
• صَفٌّ — row
• قِتَالٌ — fighting
• كَافِرٌ — disbeliever
• جَمْعٌ — group
• وَاحِدٌ — one
• آخَرُ — other
• رُوَيْدٌ — slowly
• كَبِيرَةٌ — major sin
• ذَنْبٌ — sin
• جِهَادٌ — struggle
• سَبِيلٌ — path
• كَسْرٌ — break
• قَلْبٌ — heart
• مُسْلِمٌ — Muslim
• تَقْوِيَةٌ — strengthening
• عَدُوٌّ — enemy
• هَزِيمَةٌ — defeat
• حَدِيثٌ — hadith
• آيَةٌ — verse
• دُبُرٌ — back
• فِئَةٌ — group
• غَضَبٌ — wrath
• حَالَةٌ — state
• شَأْنٌ — affair
• سِلَاحٌ — weapon
• انْحِرَافٌ — deviation
• مَكَانٌ — place
• جِهَةٌ — direction
• سَرِيَّةٌ — detachment
• بَأْسٌ — harm
• دُعَاءٌ — necessity
• ضَرُورَةٌ — necessity
• شَرْطٌ — condition
• جَيْشٌ — army
• ضَرَرٌ — harm
• طَائِفَةٌ — group
• قُوَّةٌ — strength
• أَمَامٌ — in front of
• مُتَحَقِّقٌ — realized
• إِنْقَاذٌ — saving
• مَقْصُودٌ — intended
• إِظْهَارٌ — manifestation
• دِينٌ — religion
• إِذْلَالٌ — humiliation
• كَثِيرٌ — many