Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 1 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 5

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

تَعْرِيفُ التَّوْحِيدِ:

Defining Monotheism:

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

وَبِهِ أَسْتَعِينُ، وَعَلَيْهِ أَتَوَكَّلُ.

I seek His aid and rely upon Him.

فِي اللُّغَةِ: مُشْتَقٌّ مِنْ وَحَّدَ الشَّيْءَ إِذَا جَعَلَهُ وَاحِدًا، فَهُوَ مَصْدَرُ وَحَّدَ يُوَحِّدُ، أَيْ جَعَلَ الشَّيْءَ وَاحِدًا.

Linguistically, the term is derived from the verb 'wahhada', meaning to make something one. It is the verbal noun of 'wahhada yuwahhidu', denoting the act of rendering something singular.

وَفِي الشَّرْعِ: إِفْرَادُ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ بِمَا يَخْتَصُّ بِهِ مِنَ الرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَالْأُلُوهِيَّةِ وَالْأَسْمَاءِ وَالصِّفَاتِ.

In religious law, it refers to singling out Allah—glory be to Him—in matters unique to Him: His Lordship, His Divinity, and His Names and Attributes.

أَقْسَامُهُ: يَنْقَسِمُ التَّوْحِيدُ إِلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَقْسَامٍ:

Divisions: Monotheism is categorized into three parts:

تَوْحِيدُ الرُّبُوبِيَّةِ.

1. The Monotheism of Lordship.

تَوْحِيدُ الْأُلُوهِيَّةِ.

2. The Monotheism of Divinity.

تَوْحِيدُ الْأَسْمَاءِ وَالصِّفَاتِ.

3. The Monotheism of Names and Attributes.

الْقِسْمُ الْأَوَّلُ: تَوْحِيدُ الرُّبُوبِيَّةِ: هُوَ إِفْرَادُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِالْخَلْقِ، وَالْمُلْكِ، وَالتَّدْبِيرِ.

The first part, the Monotheism of Lordship, is to single out Allah—the Almighty and Majestic—as the sole Creator, Owner, and Controller of the universe.

فَإِفْرَادُهُ بِالْخَلْقِ: أَنْ يَعْتَقِدَ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنَّهُ لَا خَالِقَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ.

Singling Him out in creation means one must believe that there is no creator but Allah.

قَالَ تَعَالَى: أَلَا لَهُ الْخَلْقُ وَالْأَمْرُ.

Allah the Exalted says: 'Indeed, His is the creation and the command.'

Vocabulary · المفردات (8 verbs · 22 nouns)

• اِسْتَعَانَ — to seek help
• تَوَكَّلَ — to rely
• وَحَّدَ — to declare as one
• جَعَلَ — to make
• اِخْتَصَّ — to be specific to
• اِنْقَسَمَ — to be divided
• اِعْتَقَدَ — to believe
• قَالَ — to say
• تَعْرِيفٌ — definition
• تَوْحِيدٌ — monotheism
• لُغَةٌ — language
• مُشْتَقٌّ — derivative
• شَيْءٌ — thing
• وَاحِدٌ — one
• مَصْدَرٌ — source
• شَرْعٌ — law
• إِفْرَادٌ — singling out
• رُبُوبِيَّةٌ — lordship
• أُلُوهِيَّةٌ — divinity
• اسْمٌ — name
• صِفَةٌ — attribute
• قِسْمٌ — part
• ثَلَاثَةٌ — three
• أَوَّلٌ — The First
• خَلْقٌ — creation
• مُلْكٌ — sovereignty
• تَدْبِيرٌ — management
• إِنْسَانٌ — human
• خَالِقٌ — The Creator
• أَمْرٌ — command