Al-Balagha al-Wadiha by al-Jarim & Amin (البلاغة الواضحة) — Page 5

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ.

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَالصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى أَشْرَفِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ أَجْمَعِينَ.

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of messengers, our master Muhammad, and upon all his family and companions.

فَهَذِهِ دِرَاسَاتٌ فِي الْبَلَاغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ اشْتَمَلَتْ عَلَى عِلْمِ الْبَيَانِ وَالْمَعَانِي وَالْبَدِيعِ لِلْعَالِمَيْنِ الْجَلِيلَيْنِ الشَّاعِرِ عَلِيِّ الْجَارِمِ وَالْأُسْتَاذِ مُصْطَفَى أَمِينَ رَحِمَهُمَا اللَّهُ.

These are studies in Arabic rhetoric that included the science of exposition, meanings, and innovation by the two eminent scholars, the poet Ali Al-Jarim and Professor Mustafa Amin, may Allah have mercy on them.

اشْتَمَلَ عِلْمُ الْبَيَانِ عَلَى التَّشْبِيهِ وَأَرْكَانِهِ وَأَقْسَامِهِ وَبَلَاغَتِهِ وَالْحَقِيقَةِ وَالْمَجَازِ وَالِاسْتِعَارَةِ بِأَنْوَاعِهَا وَالْمَجَازِ الْمُرْسَلِ وَالْعَقْلِيِّ وَبَلَاغَتِهِمَا وَالْكِنَايَةِ وَبَلَاغَتِهَا وَأَثَرِ عِلْمِ الْبَيَانِ فِي تَأْدِيَةِ الْمَعَانِي.

The science of exposition included simile, its pillars, its divisions, its rhetoric, truth, metaphor, borrowing with its types, the loose and intellectual metaphor and their rhetoric, metonymy and its rhetoric, and the effect of the science of exposition in conveying meanings.

كَمَا اشْتَمَلَ عِلْمُ الْمَعَانِي عَلَى أَسَالِيبِ الْقَصْرِ وَالْإِنْشَاءِ وَالْفَصْلِ وَالْوَصْلِ وَالْإِيجَازِ وَالْإِطْنَابِ وَالْمُسَاوَاةِ.

The science of meanings also included the styles of restriction, composition, separation, connection, brevity, prolixity, and equality.

وَاشْتَمَلَ عِلْمُ الْبَدِيعِ عَلَى الْمُحَسِّنَاتِ اللَّفْظِيَّةِ وَالْجِنَاسِ وَالسَّجْعِ وَالْمُحَسِّنَاتِ الْمَعْنَوِيَّةِ، وَالتَّوْرِيَةِ وَالطِّبَاقِ وَالْمُقَابَلَةِ وَحُسْنِ التَّعْلِيلِ، وَتَأْكِيدِ الْمَدْحِ بِمَا يُشْبِهُ الذَّمَّ وَعَكْسِهِ.

The science of innovation included verbal enhancers, puns, rhyme, semantic enhancers, double entendre, antithesis, confrontation, beauty of reasoning, and emphasizing praise with what resembles blame and its opposite.

وَقَدْ تَنَاوَلَا كُلَّ ذَلِكَ بِأُسْلُوبٍ سَهْلٍ وَاضِحٍ كَيْ يَسْهُلَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الدَّارِسِينَ فَهْمُهَا وَاسْتِيعَابُهَا

They dealt with all of that in an easy, clear style so that it is easy for all students to understand and comprehend.

وَقَدْ جَمَعَا فِيهَا بَيْنَ النَّظَرِيَّةِ وَالتَّطْبِيقِ فَوَضَعُوا أَمَامَ الدَّارِسِينَ الضَّوَابِطَ، وَالتَّعْرِيفَاتِ ثُمَّ اتَّبَعُوا ذَلِكَ بِالشَّوَاهِدِ الْقُرْآنِيَّةِ وَالْأَحَادِيثِ النَّبَوِيَّةِ الشَّرِيفَةِ وَالْأَدَبِيَّةِ مِنَ الْمَنْظُومِ وَالْمَنْثُورِ هَادِفِينَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ ذَلِكَ إِلَى تَرْبِيَةِ الذَّوْقِ وَتَهْذِيبِ الْعَاطِفَةِ، وَالسُّمُوِّ بِالْبَلَاغَةِ إِلَى دَرَجَةٍ تَجْعَلُهَا قَرِيبَةً مِنَ الْقُلُوبِ حَبِيبَةً إِلَى النُّفُوسِ.

They combined theory and application, placing rules and definitions before the students, then followed that with Quranic evidence, noble prophetic hadiths, and literary works from poetry and prose, aiming through that to cultivate taste, refine emotion, and elevate rhetoric to a degree that makes it close to hearts and beloved to souls.

وَلِتَحْقِيقِ الْفَائِدَةِ الْمَرْجُوَّةِ لِدَارِسِ عِلْمِ الْبَلَاغَةِ ضَمَمْنَا مُلْحَقَ الْكِتَابِ الْمُحْتَوِي عَلَى دَلِيلِ الْبَلَاغَةِ الْوَاضِحَةِ إِلَى الْكِتَابِ ذَاتِهِ لِيُصْبِحَ مَعًا فِي مُجَلَّدٍ وَاحِدٍ، رَاغِبِينَ فِيهِ أَنْ تَجِيءَ الْإِجَابَاتُ عَقِبَ تَمْرِينَاتِ كُلِّ دَرْسٍ اخْتِصَارًا لِوَقْتِ الْقَارِئِ الْكَرِيمِ.

To achieve the desired benefit for the student of rhetoric, we added the book's appendix containing the 'Guide to Clear Rhetoric' to the book itself so that they become one volume, desiring that the answers come after the exercises of each lesson to save the time of the noble reader.

وَمِنْ بَابِ نَشْرِ التُّرَاثِ كَلَّفَتْنَا مَكْتَبَةُ الصَّفَا بِمُرَاجَعَةِ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ وَتَقْدِيمِهِ فِي ثَوْبٍ.

And for the sake of publishing heritage, Al-Safa Library assigned us to review this book and present it in a new form.

Vocabulary · المفردات (14 verbs · 85 nouns)

• اِشْتَمَلَ — to include
• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• تَنَاوَلَ — to deal with
• سَهُلَ — to be easy
• جَمَعَ — to gather
• وَضَعَ — to place
• اِتَّبَعَ — to follow
• أَشْبَهَ — to resemble
• جَعَلَ — to make
• ضَمَّ — to add
• اِحْتَوَى — to contain
• أَصْبَحَ — to become
• جَاءَ — to come
• كَلَّفَ — to assign
• بَلَاغَة — rhetoric
• أُسْتَاذ — professor
• قَلَم — pen
• حَمْد — praise
• رَبّ — lord
• عَالَم — world
• صَلَاة — prayer
• سَلَام — peace
• مُرْسَل — messenger
• سَيِّد — master
• آل — family
• صَحْب — companion
• دِرَاسَة — study
• عِلْم — science
• بَيَان — clarification
• مَعْنَى — meaning
• بَدِيع — innovation
• شَاعِر — poet
• تَشْبِيه — simile
• رُكْن — pillar
• قِسْم — part
• حَقِيقَة — truth
• مَجَاز — metaphor
• اسْتِعَارَة — borrowing
• نَوْع — type
• كِنَايَة — metonymy
• أَثَر — effect
• تَأْدِيَة — performance
• أُسْلُوب — style
• قَصْر — restriction
• إِنْشَاء — composition
• فَصْل — separation
• وَصْل — connection
• إِيجَاز — brevity
• إِطْنَاب — prolixity
• مُسَاوَاة — equality
• مُحَسِّن — enhancer
• جِنَاس — pun
• سَجْع — rhyme
• تَوْرِيَة — double entendre
• طِبَاق — antithesis
• مُقَابَلَة — confrontation
• حُسْن — beauty
• تَعْلِيل — reasoning
• تَأْكِيد — emphasis
• مَدْح — praise
• ذَمّ — blame
• عَكْس — opposite
• دَارِس — student
• فَهْم — understanding
• اسْتِيعَاب — comprehension
• نَظَرِيَّة — theory
• تَطْبِيق — application
• ضَابِط — rule
• تَعْرِيف — definition
• شَاهِد — witness
• حَدِيث — hadith
• مَنْظُوم — poetry
• مَنْثُور — prose
• تَرْبِيَة — upbringing
• ذَوْق — taste
• تَهْذِيب — refinement
• عَاطِفَة — emotion
• سُمُوّ — elevation
• دَرَجَة — degree
• قَلْب — heart
• نَفْس — soul
• فَائِدَة — benefit
• مُلْحَق — appendix
• كِتَاب — book
• دَلِيل — guide
• مُجَلَّد — volume
• إِجَابَة — answer
• تَمْرِين — exercise
• دَرْس — lesson
• اخْتِصَار — abbreviation
• وَقْت — time
• قَارِئ — reader
• بَاب — door
• نَشْر — publishing
• تُرَاث — heritage
• مَكْتَبَة — library
• مُرَاجَعَة — review
• تَقْدِيم — presentation
• ثَوْب — a garment