لذى

Root entry · 14 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with the relative pronoun 'who', 'which', or 'that', used for masculine singular and plural forms. It discusses its grammatical properties, variations in pronunciation and spelling, and its etymological origins.

Derived headwords

الذيnoun

1.
an ambiguous noun for the masculine, which is definite and indeclinable, and it is not complete except with a relative clauseboth
an ambiguous noun for the masculine, which is definite and indeclinable, and it is not complete except with a relative clause

اللذnoun

1.
sleepboth
sleep
2.
a variant of 'alladhī' (who/which)both
a variant of 'alladhī' (who/which)

اللذْnoun

1.
sleepboth
sleep
2.
a variant of 'alladhī' (who/which)both
a variant of 'alladhī' (who/which)

اللذيnoun

1.
who, which, thatclassical
A variant pronunciation of the relative pronoun الذي, with a shadda (doubling) on the 'yā'.

اللذانnoun

1.
the two who, the two whichboth
The dual form of the relative pronoun الذي, used for two masculine antecedents. It is pronounced with a shadda on the 'nūn'.

اللذاnoun

1.
the dual form, with the 'nūn' omittedboth
the dual form, with the 'nūn' omitted

أبني كليب إن عمي اللذا * قتلا الملوك وفككا الاغلالا — O sons of Kalib, if my two uncles who killed the kings and loosened the chains.

الذينnoun

1.
the plural formboth
the plural form

اللذينnoun

1.
who, which, that (plural)classical
A variant pronunciation of the plural relative pronoun الذين, with the 'nūn' omitted.

وإن الذي حانت بفلج دماؤهم * هم القوم كل القوم يا أم خالد — And those whose blood was spilled at Falaj, they are the people, all the people, O Umm Khalid.

اللذونnoun

1.
they sometimes said in the nominative caseboth
they sometimes said in the nominative case

اللذياnoun

1.
the little who, the little whichclassical
The diminutive form of the relative pronoun الذي, with the 'dhāl' open (fatḥa) and the 'yā' doubled (shadda).

اللذيانnoun

1.
the little two who, the little two whichclassical
The dual form of the diminutive relative pronoun اللذيا, with the 'alif' removed.

اللذيونnoun

1.
the little who (plural)classical
The plural form of the diminutive relative pronoun اللذيا, with the 'alif' removed.

اللواتيnoun

1.
plural of 'allatī'both
plural of 'allatī'

فإن أدع اللواتي من أناس * أضاعوهن لا أدع الذينا — If I call upon the women among people who have lost them, I will not call upon those.

اللذيناnoun

1.
who, which, thatclassical
A form of the relative pronoun used without a relative clause, implying an unknown or unspecified antecedent.

Parallel reading

الذي اسم مبهم للمذكر ; وهو مبني معرفة، ولا يتم إلا بصلة.

Al-ladhī is an indefinite noun for the masculine; it is indeclinable, definite, and is not complete except with a relative clause.

وأصله لذي، فأدخل عليه الألف واللام، ولا يجوز أن ينزعا منه لتنكير.

Its origin is 'ladhī', to which the definite article 'al-' was added, and it is not permissible to remove them from it for indefiniteness.

وفيه أربع لغات: الذي واللذ بكسر الذال، واللذ بإسكانها، والذي بتشديد الياء.

And there are four pronunciations for it: al-ladhī, and al-ladh (with a kasra on the dhāl), and al-ladh (with a sukun on it), and al-ladhī (with a shadda on the yā).

وفي تثنيته ثلاث لغات: اللذان، واللذا بحذف النون.

And for its dual form, there are three pronunciations: al-ladhān, and al-ladhā (with the nūn omitted).

واللذان بتشديد النون.

And al-ladhān (with the nūn stressed/doubled).

وفى جمعها لغتان: الذين في الرفع والنصب والجر، والذي بحذف النون.

And for its plural form, there are two pronunciations: al-ladhīna (in the nominative, accusative, and genitive cases), and al-ladhī (with the nūn omitted).

ومنهم من يقول في الرفع اللذون.

And some of them say 'al-ladhūna' in the nominative case.

وزعم بعضهم أن أصله ذا ; لانك تقول: ماذا رأيت، بمعنى ما الذى رأيت.

And some claim its origin is 'dhā', because you say 'mādhā ra'ayta' (what did you see?), meaning 'mā al-ladhī ra'ayta' (that which you saw).

وتصغير الذى: اللذيا بالفتح والتشديد، فإذا ثنيت المصغر أو جمعته حذفت الألف فقلت اللذيان واللذيون.

And the diminutive of al-ladhī is al-ladhiyā (with a fatḥa and shadda), so if you dualize or pluralize the diminutive, you omit the alif and say al-ladhiyān and al-ladhiyūn.

فإنما تركه بلا صلة لأنه جعله مجهولا.

He omitted the relative clause because he made it indefinite.