من سره ضرب يرعبل بعضه * بعضا كمعمعة الاباء المحرق
Whoever desires a striking blow where parts of it tumble over each other, like the chaos of the burning reeds.
أبى فلان يأبى بالفتح فيهما، مع خلو من حروف الحلق، وهو شاذ، أي امتنع
So-and-so refused, he refuses (with fath and damma), with absence of guttural letters, which is irregular, meaning he abstained.
فهو آب وأبي وأبيان بالتحريك
So he is one who refuses, and refuses, and refuses (with haraka).
وقبلك ماهاب الرجال ظلامتي * وفقأت عين الاشوس الا بيان
And before you, men did not fear my injustice, nor did the fierce one's eye burst forth except through my refusal.
وتأبى عليه، أي امتنع
And he refused it, meaning he abstained.
وأبى فلان الماء، وآبيته الماء
So-and-so refused the water, and I made him refuse the water.
قد أوبيت كل ماء فهي صادية * مهما تصب أفقا من بارق تشم
I have made it refuse every water, so it is thirsty; whatever it encounters of a horizon from lightning, it smells.
وتيس آبى بين الاباء، إذا شم بول الاروى فمرض منه
And a he-goat that refuses among the refusals, if it smells the urine of the rock hyrax and becomes sick from it.
فقلت لكناز توكل فإنه * أبى لا إخال الضأن منه نواجيا
So I said to Kinaz Tawakkul, for he refused, I do not think the sheep will give birth from him.
ويقال: أخذه أباء، على فعال بالضم، إذا جعل يأبى الطعام
And it is said: He took to refusing, on the pattern of 'فُعَال' (fu'aal) with damma, if he began to refuse food.
وقولهم في تحية الملوك في الجاهلية: أبيت اللعن
And their saying in greeting kings in the Jahiliyyah: 'Abayta al-la'na' (You refuse the curse).
قال ابن السكيت: أي أبيت أن تأتي من الأمور ما تلعن عليه
Ibn al-Sikkit said: Meaning you refuse to do things for which you would be cursed.
والأب أصله أبو بالتحريك، لان جمعه آباء، مثل قفا وأقفاء ورحى وأرحاء، فالذاهب منه واو، لانك تقول في التثنية: أبوان
And the father, its origin is 'abu' (with haraka), because its plural is 'aabaa'' (آباء), like 'qufa' and 'aqfaa' (قفى وأقفاء), and 'raha' and 'arhaa' (رحى وأرحاء), so the missing part is a 'waw', because you say in the dual: 'abawaan' (أبوان).
وفى الاضافة أبيك، وإذا جمعت بالواو والنون قلت أبون، وكذلك أخون وحمون وهنون
And in annexation, 'abika' (أبيك), and when you pluralize with 'waw' and 'nun', you say 'aboon' (أبون), likewise 'akhun' (أخون), 'hamun' (حمون), and 'hunun' (هنون).
فلما تعرفن أصواتنا * بكين وفديننا بالابينا
And when they recognized our voices, they wept and came to us with their fathers.
وعلى هذا قرأ بعضهم: (إله أبيك إبراهيم (*) وإسماعيل وإسحاق) يريد جمع أب، أي أبينك فحذف النون للاضافة
And on this basis, some read: (the god of your fathers Abraham, Ishmael, and Isaac), meaning the plural of father, i.e., 'abaynaka' (أبينك), so the 'nun' was omitted due to annexation.
ويقال: ما كنت أبا ولقد أبوت أبوة
And it is said: You were not a father, and indeed you have attained fatherhood.
وماله أب يأبوه، أي يغذوه ويربيه
And he has no father to nurture and raise him, meaning to feed and raise him.
والأبوان: الأب والأم
And the parents: the father and the mother.
وبيني وبين فلان أبوة
And between me and so-and-so is fatherhood (a paternal relationship).
والأبوة أيضا: الآباء، مثل العمومة والخؤولة
And fatherhood is also: fathers, like unclehood (from paternal uncle) and maternal unclehood.
وكان الأصمعي يروي قول أبي ذؤيب: لو كان مدحة حي أنشرت أحدا * أحيا أبوتك الشم الاماديح
And Al-Asma'i used to narrate the saying of Abu Dhu'ayb: If a praise of the living could revive anyone, your noble fatherhood would revive the praises.
وغيره يرويه: " أبا كن يا ليلى الاماديح "
And others narrate it: 'Be a father, O Layla, to the praises.'
وقولهم: يا أبة افعل، يجعلون علامة التأنيث عوضا عن ياء الإضافة، كقولهم في الام: يا أمه، وتقف عليها بالهاء، إلا في القرآن فإنك تقف عليها بالتاء اتباعا للكتاب
And their saying: 'Ya abata if'al' (O father, do), they make the feminine marker as a substitute for the possessive 'ya', like their saying for the mother: 'Ya ummahu' (O his mother), and you stop on it with 'ha', except in the Quran where you stop on it with 'ta' following the Book.
وإنما لم تسقط التاء في الوصل من الاب وسقطت من الام إذا قلت يا أم أقبلي، لان الاب لما كان على حرفين كان كأنه قد أخل به، فصارت الهاء لازمة وصارت الياء كأنها بعدها
And the 'ta' is not dropped in connection from 'ab' (father) and is dropped from 'umm' (mother) when you say 'Ya ummu aqbili' (O mother, come forward), because 'ab' (father) when it was two letters, it was as if it was made deficient, so the 'ha' became necessary and the 'ya' became as if it followed it.
تقول ابنتى لما رأتنى شاحبا * كأنك فينا يا أبات غريب
My daughter said when she saw me pale: 'It is as if you are a stranger among us, O father.'
أراد يا أبتاه، فقدم الالف وأخر التاء
He intended 'Ya abataah' (O my father), so he brought the 'alif' forward and the 'ta' backward.
وقد يقلبون الياء ألفا، قالت عمرة: وقد زعموا أنى جزعت عليهما * وهل جزع إن قلت وابأباهما
And they may turn the 'ya' into an 'alif'. 'Umrah said: And they claimed that I despaired over them, but is it despair if I say, 'Waa abaahumaa' (Oh, their father!).
تريد: وابأبيهما
She means: 'Waa abaayhimaa' (Oh, their father!).
وقالت امرأة: يابيبى أنت ويا فوق البيب
And a woman said: 'Ya bibi anta wa ya fawqa al-bib' (O my father, you and O above the bib).
قال الفراء: جعلوا الكلمتين كالواحدة لكثرتهما في الكلام
Al-Farra' said: They made the two words like one due to their frequency in speech.
وقال: يا أبت ويا أبت لغتان، فمن نصب أراد الندبة فحذف
And he said: 'Ya abati' and 'Ya abata' are two dialects; whoever منصوب (accusative) intended the lamentation and omitted.
ويقال: لا أب لك ولا أبا لك، وهو مدح
And it is said: 'La aba laka' (May you have no father), and 'La abaa laka' (May you have no father), and it is praise.
وربما قالوا: لا أباك، لأن اللام كالمقحمة
And sometimes they say: 'La abaaka' (May you have no father), because the 'lam' is like an insertion.
أبالموت الذى لابد أنى * ملاق لا أباك تخوفيني
Do you frighten me with death, which I must meet, O you whose father is absent (praise).
أراد تخوفينني، فحذف النون الاخيرة
He intended 'tukhawwifinani' (you frighten me), so he omitted the last 'nun'.
قال ابن السكيت: يقال: فلان " بحر لا يؤبى "، وكذلك " كلا لا يؤبى " أي لا يجعلك تأباه، أي لا ينقطع من كثرته
Ibn al-Sikkit said: It is said: So-and-so is 'a sea that is not refused', and likewise 'Kalla la yu'baa' (No, it is not refused), meaning it does not make you refuse it, meaning it does not cease due to its abundance.
والابواء، بالمد: موضع
And Al-Abwa', with elongation: a place.