برسم

Root entry · 15 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns a specific illness and its associated states. It also delves into the etymology and grammatical treatment of a loanword, 'abrisam' (silk), comparing it to other foreign words adopted into Arabic.

Derived headwords

البِرْسامnoun

1.
a known illness (pleurisy or brain fever)both
a known illness (pleurisy or brain fever)

بَرِسَمَverb

1.
he was afflicted with 'birsām'both
he was afflicted with 'birsām'

مُبَرْسَمadjective

1.
afflicted with 'birsām'both
afflicted with 'birsām'

الإِبْرِيسِمnoun

1.
a foreign word arabicized (silk)both
a foreign word arabicized (silk)
2.
with kasra on the hamza and ra, and fatha on the 'aindamboth
with kasra on the hamza and ra, and fatha on the 'aindam

إِبْرِيسِمnoun

1.
Silk (loanword)classical
The material known as silk, considered a foreign word adopted into Arabic.

الفِرِنْدnoun

1.
A type of swordclassical
Refers to a type of sword, likely a loanword.

الدِّيباجnoun

1.
Brocade, silk fabricclassical
A rich, heavy silk fabric, often with a raised pattern.

الرَّاقُودnoun

1.
A type of couch or sofaclassical
A piece of furniture used for reclining, likely a loanword.

الشَّهْرِيزnoun

1.
A type of garmentclassical
Refers to a type of clothing, likely a loanword.

الآجُرّnoun

1.
the rewardboth
the reward
2.
the brick with which one builds, a Persian word arabizedboth
the brick with which one builds, a Persian word arabized

النَّيْرُوزnoun

1.
Nowruz, Persian New Yearclassical
The Persian New Year festival, celebrated on the vernal equinox.

الزَّنْجَبِيلnoun

1.
known (ginger)both
known (ginger)
2.
donkeysboth
donkeys

إِسْحَاقname

1.
a man's nameboth
a man's name

يَعْقُوبname

1.
Jacobboth
A proper name, referring to the biblical figure Jacob.

إِبْرَاهِيمname

1.
a foreign nameboth
a foreign name

Parallel reading

البرسام: علة معروفة.

Al-barsam: a known illness.

وقد برسم الرجل فهو مبرسم.

And a man may be ill with al-barsam, and he is mabrism (afflicted).

والابريسم معرب، وفيه ثلاث لغات، والعرب تخلط فيما ليس من كلامها.

And al-abrisam is a loanword, and it has three pronunciations; the Arabs mix (usage) in what is not from their language.

قال ابن السكيت: هو الابريسم بكسر الهمزة والراء وفتح السين.

Ibn al-Sikkit said: It is al-abrisam with a kasra on the hamza and ra, and a fatha on the sin.

ليس في الكلام إفعيلل بالكسر ولكن إفعيلل مثل إهليلج وإبريسم، وهو ينصرف.

There is no (pattern) ifa'lil in the language with a kasra, but rather ifa'lil like ihlilaj and abrisam, and it is declinable.

وكذلك إن سميت به على جهة التلقيب انصرف في المعرفة والنكرة.

And likewise, if you name something with it by way of appellation, it is declinable in the definite and indefinite.

لان العرب أعربته في نكرته وأدخلت عليه الالف واللام وأجرته مجرى ما أصل بنائه لهم.

Because the Arabs Arabized it in its indefinite form, introduced the definite article (al-) to it, and treated it like something whose origin is from their own language.

وكذلك الفرند، والديباج، والراقود، والشهريز، والآجر، والنيروز، والزنجبيل.

And likewise al-firind, and al-dibaj, and al-raqwd, and al-shahriz, and al-ajur, and al-nayruz, and al-zanjabil.

وليس كذلك إسحاق، ويعقوب، وإبراهيم، لان العرب ما أعربتها إلا في حال تعريفها ولم تنطق بها إلا معارف، ولم تنقلها من تنكير إلى تعريف.

And it is not so with Ishaq, Ya'qub, and Ibrahim, because the Arabs only Arabized them in their definite state and did not pronounce them except as definite nouns, and they did not transfer them from indefiniteness to definiteness.