ءثم

Root entry · 16 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns sin, guilt, and wrongdoing. It extends to the concept of punishment for sin, and also has a less common meaning related to slowness or delay, particularly for a she-camel.

Derived headwords

الأَثْمnoun

1.
the sinboth
the sin

أَثِمَverb

1.
athiman and ma'man when he fell into sinboth
athiman and ma'man when he fell into sin
2.
sinfulboth
sinful
3.
wineboth
wine

إِثْمًاnoun

1.
sin (masdar)both
The act or state of sinning; a sin.

مَأْثَمًاnoun

1.
sin (masdar)classical
The act or state of sinning; a sin.

آثِمadjective

1.
athiman and ma'man when he fell into sinboth
athiman and ma'man when he fell into sin
2.
sinfulboth
sinful
3.
wineboth
wine

أَثِيمadjective

1.
sinfulboth
sinful

أَثُومadjective

1.
very sinfulclassical
An intensive form indicating extreme sinfulness.

يَأْثِمُهُ اللهverb

1.
God holds one accountable for sinclassical
God considers or counts something as a sin against a person.

مَأْثُومadjective

1.
held accountable for sinclassical
One against whom a sin is counted or for whom one is held responsible.

آثَمَهُverb

1.
he made him sin, with a short vowel, ya'tuhu and ya'tihu with damma and kasra on the nun, meaning 'sinfully'both
he made him sin, with a short vowel, ya'tuhu and ya'tihu with damma and kasra on the nun, meaning 'sinfully'
2.
he rewarded him for the sin - by persistence: he made him fall into sinboth
he rewarded him for the sin - by persistence: he made him fall into sin
3.
he said to him, 'you have sinned'both
he said to him, 'you have sinned'

آثَمَهُ (تشديد)verb

1.
to accuse of sinclassical
To tell someone that they have sinned.

الأَثِيمnoun

1.
wineclassical
Alcoholic beverage, so named because it leads to sin.

تَأَثَّمَverb

1.
to abstain from sinclassical
To refrain from or avoid sinning.
2.
to be scrupulousclassical
To be careful to avoid wrongdoing.

الأَثَامnoun

1.
punishment for sinboth
The recompense or penalty for wrongdoing.

آثِمَةadjective

1.
he made him sin, with a short vowel, ya'tuhu and ya'tihu with damma and kasra on the nun, meaning 'sinfully'both
he made him sin, with a short vowel, ya'tuhu and ya'tihu with damma and kasra on the nun, meaning 'sinfully'
2.
he rewarded him for the sin - by persistence: he made him fall into sinboth
he rewarded him for the sin - by persistence: he made him fall into sin
3.
he said to him, 'you have sinned'both
he said to him, 'you have sinned'

آثِمَاتadjective

1.
slow (she-camels)classical
Plural form describing she-camels that are slow or delayed.

Parallel reading

الأثم: الذنب.

Al-ithm: the sin.

وقد أثم الرجل بالكسر إثما ومأثما، إذا وقع في الإثم

And the man sinned (with kasra) with ithman and ma'thaman, if he fell into sin.

فهو آثم وأثيم، وأثوم أيضا.

So he is a'ithim and atheem, and also athoom.

وأثمه الله في كذا يأثمه ويأثمه، أي عده عليه إثما، فهو مأثوم.

And God held him accountable for such-and-such, ya'thimuhu and ya'thimuhu, meaning He counted it as a sin against him, so he is ma'thoom.

فهل يأثمني الله في أن ذكرتها وعللت أصحابي بها ليلة النفر

So will God hold me accountable for mentioning it and for cheering my companions with it on the night of departure?

وآثمه بالمد: أوقعه في الإثم.

And 'aathimahu (with madd): to cause him to fall into sin.

وآثمه بالتشديد، أي قال له: أثمت.

And 'aathimahu (with shadda), meaning he said to him: You have sinned.

وقد تسمى الخمر إثما.

And wine is sometimes called 'ithm.

شربت الاثم حتى ضل عقلي

I drank the sin until my mind was lost.

وكذاك الإثم تذهب بالعقول

And likewise, sin takes away the intellects.

وتأثم، أي تحرج عنه وكف.

And ta'aththama, meaning to be scrupulous about it and to refrain.

والأثام: جزاء الإثم.

And al-athaam: the recompense of sin.

قال تعالى: (يلق أثاما)

Allah the Almighty said: (He will be given punishment).

وناقة آثمة ونوق آثمات، أي مبطئات.

And a slow she-camel and slow she-camels, meaning delayed.

جمالية تغتلى بالرداف إذا كذب الآثمات الهجيرا

A she-camel that is hastened by the following one when the slow ones miss the morning journey.