ضيف

Root entry · 29 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of a guest, hospitality, and the act of hosting or being hosted. It extends to related ideas of arrival, proximity, and even fear or apprehension.

Derived headwords

ضَيْفnoun

1.
guestboth
A person who is visiting or staying with someone, whether singular or plural.
2.
guest (female)both
A female guest.

أَضْيافnoun

1.
guestsboth
Plural form of guest.

ضُيوفnoun

1.
guestsboth
Plural form of guest.

ضَيْفانnoun

1.
guestsboth
Plural form of guest.

ضيفةnoun

1.
guest (female)both
A female guest.

أَضافَverb

1.
to hostboth
To lodge and entertain a guest.
2.
to addboth
To append or include something.
3.
to inclineclassical
To cause something to lean or turn towards something.
4.
to cause to fearclassical
To make someone feel apprehension or caution.

ضِيافَةnoun

1.
hospitalityboth
The act of hosting or entertaining guests.

ضِيافَةًnoun

1.
as a guestboth
The state of being a guest.

تَضَيَّفَverb

1.
to be a guestboth
To stay as a guest at someone's place.

تَضْييفnoun

1.
being a guestboth
The act or state of being a guest.

تَضَيَّفَverb

1.
to approachclassical
To come near or nearer to.

تَضْييفnoun

1.
approachingclassical
The act of coming near.

تَضَيَّفَتْverb

1.
to declineclassical
To lean or slant, especially of the sun setting.

ضَافَتْverb

1.
to declineclassical
To lean or slant, especially of the sun setting.

ضِيفتverb

1.
to declineclassical
To lean or slant, especially of the sun setting.

صَافَverb

1.
in the place: he stayed there for the summerboth
in the place: he stayed there for the summer

ضَافَverb

1.
meaning ample, longboth
meaning ample, long

أَمَلْتُverb

1.
to inclineclassical
To cause something to lean or turn towards something.

أَشْفَقْتُverb

1.
to fearclassical
To feel apprehension or anxiety about the future or a possible event.

مُضَوَّفَةnoun

1.
something fearedclassical
A matter that causes apprehension or fear.

مُضيفَةnoun

1.
something fearedclassical
A matter that causes apprehension or fear.

مُضافَةnoun

1.
something fearedclassical
A matter that causes apprehension or fear.

أَلْجَأْتُهُverb

1.
to forceclassical
To compel or drive to a course of action.

مُضافnoun

1.
cornered personclassical
Someone surrounded or besieged, especially in war.
2.
attached personclassical
Someone closely associated or affiliated with a group.

هَمَّverb

1.
it melted itboth
it melted it
2.
he intended it, he resolved upon itboth
he intended it, he resolved upon it

تَضايُقَverb

1.
they became constrained if they did not have enough space or characterboth
they became constrained if they did not have enough space or character

ضَيْفَنnoun

1.
mentioned with the guest to emphasize subservienceboth
mentioned with the guest to emphasize subservience

مُضافٌ إِلَيْهِother

1.
possessed nounboth
The second noun in an idafa construction, indicating possession or specification.

مُضافother

1.
possessed nounboth
The first noun in an idafa construction, which is specified by the following noun.

Parallel reading

الضيف يكون واحدا وجمعا، وقد يجمع على الأضياف والضيوف والضيفان.

The guest is singular and plural, and it may be pluralized as al-aḍyāf, al-ḍuyūf, and al-ḍayfān.

والمرأة ضيف وضيفة.

And a woman is a ḍayf and a ḍayfah.

لقى حملته أمه وهى ضيفة فجاءة بيتن للضيافة أرشما

His mother met her burden while she was a guest, suddenly arriving at a house prepared for hospitality.

وأضفت الرجل وضيفته، إذا أنزلته بك ضيفا وقريته.

And you host a man and his guest when you lodge him with you as a guest and entertain him.

وضفت الرجل ضيافة، إذا نزلت عليه ضيفا، وكذلك تضيفته.

And you are a guest of a man as a guest, and likewise you become his guest.

يرجو فضله المتضيف

Hoping for the favor of the one who seeks to be a guest.

وتضيفت الشمس، إذا مالت للغروب، وكذلك ضافت وضيفت.

And the sun declined when it leaned towards sunset, and likewise ḍāfat and ḍīfat.

ضاف السهم عن الهدف مثل صاف، أي عدل.

The arrow deviated from the target like ṣāfa, meaning it veered off.

وأضفت الشئ إلى الشئ، أي أملته.

And I inclined a thing to a thing, meaning I made it lean.

وأضفت من الأمر، أي أشفقت وحذرت.

And I feared from the matter, meaning I was apprehensive and cautious.

وكان النكير أن تضيف وتجأرا

And the objection was that you should fear and cry out.

ومننه المضوفة، وهو الأمر يشفق منه.

And among them is al-muḍawwafah, which is the matter that is feared.

وهذا البيت يروى على ثلاثة أوجه: على المضوفة والمضيفة والمضافة.

And this verse is narrated in three ways: on al-muḍawwafah, al-muḍīfah, and al-muḍāfah.

وأضفته إلى كذا، أي ألجأته، ومنه المضاف في الحرب، وهو الذي أحيط به.

And I forced him to such-and-such, meaning I cornered him, and from this is the cornered person in war, who is the one who is surrounded.

وكرى إذا نادى المضاف محنبا كسيد الغضا - نبهته - المتورد

And he stirred when the cornered one called out, a swift one like the lord of the thorny trees - I roused him - the one who approaches.

والمضاف أيضا: الملزق بالقوم.

And al-muḍāf also means: the one attached to the people.

وهافه الهم، أي نزل به.

And worry befell him, meaning it descended upon him.

أخليد إن أباك ضاف وساده همان باتا جنبة ودخيلا

Khalid, your father's pillow was troubled by two worries that spent the night beside him as an intruder.

تضايف الوادي، إذا تضايق.

The valley narrowed, when it became constricted.

الضيف، بالكسر: الجنب

Al-ḍayf, with a kasra: the neighbor.

إذا تضايفن عليه انسلا

When they became close to him, they moved away.

والضيفن: الذى يجئ مع الضيف، والنون زائدة، وهو فعلن وليس بفيعل.

And al-ḍayfan is he who comes with the guest, and the nūn is extra, and it is faʿlan and not fayʿal.

إذا جاء ضيف جاء للضيف ضيفن فأودى بما تقرى الضيوف الضيافن

If a guest comes, a companion comes for the guest, and he perishes with what the guests are served.

إضافة الاسم إلى الاسم كقولك غلام زيد، فالغلام مضاف وزيد مضاف إليه.

The idafa of a noun to a noun is like your saying 'ghulām Zayd', so al-ghulām is muḍāf and Zayd is muḍāf ilayhi.

فلهذا لا يجوز أن يضاف الشئ إلى نفسه، لانه لا يعرف نفسه، فلو عرفها لما احتيج إلى الاضافة.

And for this reason, it is not permissible for a thing to be added to itself, because it does not know itself; if it knew itself, addition would not be needed.