شمس

Root entry · 15 derived lemmas

This root primarily relates to the sun, its light, and phenomena associated with it. It extends to describe things exposed to the sun, and metaphorically, difficult or unyielding temperaments, and even certain types of adornments.

Derived headwords

الشمسnoun

1.
The sunboth
The star at the center of our solar system, providing light and heat.
2.
A type of necklaceclassical
A specific kind of ornamental necklace.

شموسnoun

1.
plural of 'shams' (sun)both
plural of 'shams' (sun)
2.
a refractory horseboth
a refractory horse
3.
meaning, difficult in characterboth
meaning, difficult in character

ومضان برق أو شعاع شموس — like flashes of lightning or rays of suns

شميسةnoun

1.
Diminutive sunboth
The diminutive form of 'shams' (sun), often used affectionately or to refer to a small sun.

شمسverb

1.
our day, from the 'naṣara' pattern, if it was sunnyboth
our day, from the 'naṣara' pattern, if it was sunny
2.
it refused its back (of a horse)both
it refused its back (of a horse)

شمس يومنا يشمس — Our day is sunny

أشمسverb

1.
alsoboth
also

أشمس يومنا — Our day became sunny

شموساnoun

1.
Refusal to be riddenclassical
The act of a horse refusing to be ridden, often due to its temperament.

شمس الفرس شموسا — The horse refused to be ridden

شماساnoun

1.
Refusal to be riddenclassical
A masdar denoting the act of a horse refusing to be ridden.

شمس الفرس شماسا — The horse refused to be ridden

شموسadjective

1.
plural of 'shams' (sun)both
plural of 'shams' (sun)
2.
a refractory horseboth
a refractory horse
3.
meaning, difficult in characterboth
meaning, difficult in character

رجل شموس — A man of difficult temperament

شمسverb

1.
our day, from the 'naṣara' pattern, if it was sunnyboth
our day, from the 'naṣara' pattern, if it was sunny
2.
it refused its back (of a horse)both
it refused its back (of a horse)

شمس لي فلان — So-and-so showed me his hostility

مشمسadjective

1.
made in the sunboth
made in the sun

شئ مشمس — Something worked on in the sun

متشمسverb

1.
To bask in the sunboth
To position oneself to receive the sun's rays; to bask.

متشمسا — basking in the sun

عبد شمسname

1.
Worshipper of the sunboth
A proper name, historically given to males, meaning 'servant of the sun'.

عبشمىadjective

1.
Relating to Abd Shamsclassical
The nisba (adjectival suffix) indicating relation to the name Abd Shams, derived by taking two letters from each part.

شيخة عبشمية — A woman from the tribe of Abd Shams

تعتبشمverb

1.
To associate withclassical
To form an alliance or connection with someone from the tribe of Abd Shams, through oath, protection, or patronage.

تعتبشم الرجل — The man associated himself with (the tribe of Abd Shams)

عبء شمسname

1.
The sun's load/burdenclassical
An alternative etymology for the name Abd Shams, interpreted as 'the sun's load' or 'its equivalent'.

Parallel reading

الشمس تجمع على شموس، كأنهم جعلوا كل ناحية منها شمسا

The sun has the plural 'shumūs', as if they made each direction of it a sun.

حمى الحديد عليهم فكأنه * ومضان برق أو شعاع شموس *

The iron protected them, as if it were * flashes of lightning or rays of suns *

وتصغيرها شميسة

And its diminutive is 'shamīsah'.

وقد شمس يومنا يشمس، إذا كان ذا شمس

And our day has become sunny ('yashmus'), if it is a sunny day.

وأشمس يومنا بالألف كذلك

And our day has become sunny ('ashmas') with the alif, likewise.

وشمس الفرس أيضا شموسا وشماسا، أي منع ظهره، فهو فرس شموس وبه شماس

And the horse refused to be ridden ('shamasa') also 'shumūsan' and 'shamāsan', meaning it prevented its back (from being mounted), so it is a 'shamūs' horse and has 'shamās'.

ورجل شموس: صعب الخلق

And a 'shamūs' man: difficult in disposition.

وشمس لى فلان، إذا أبدى لك عداوته

And so-and-so showed hostility to me ('shamas lī'), if he revealed his enmity to you.

والشمس: ضرب من القلائد

And 'al-shams': a type of necklace.

وشئ مشمس، أي عمل في الشمس

And a 'mushammas' thing, meaning worked on in the sun.

وتشمس، أي انتصب للشمس

And 'tashammus', meaning to stand oneself up to the sun.

كأن يدي حربائها متشمسا * يدا مذنب يستغفر الله تائب *

As if the hands of its chameleon were basking in the sun * like the hands of a sinner seeking forgiveness from God, a penitent *

وقد سمت العرب عبد شمس

And the Arabs have named (people) 'Abd Shams'.

والنسبة إليه عبشمى لان في النسبة إلى كل اسم مضاف ثلاثة مذاهب

And the nisba to it is 'Abshamī' because in the attribution to a compound name there are three methods.

وإلى عبد شمس عبشمى

And to 'Abd Shams' is 'Abshamī'.

وقد تعبشم الرجل كما تقول: تعبقس إذا تعلق بسبب من أسباب عبد القيس

And a man might become 'ta'absham', as you say 'ta'abqas' if he becomes attached by a cause to the causes of 'Abd al-Qays'.

أصله عب شمس، أي حب شمس، وهو ضوؤها

Its origin is 'Abb Shams', meaning love of the sun, which is its light.