نفر

Root entry · 20 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concepts of fleeing, aversion, and repulsion, often in the context of animals or people reacting to something frightening or undesirable. It also extends to concepts of gathering, mobilization, and numerical groups, as well as physical reactions like swelling and competition.

Derived headwords

نَفَرَverb

1.
plural of nafraboth
plural of nafra
2.
he is the one whose inside boils with rageboth
he is the one whose inside boils with rage
3.
the pilgrims departed from Mina (from the verb class of ḍaraba)both
the pilgrims departed from Mina (from the verb class of ḍaraba)
4.
he made him shy away (tanfīran)both
he made him shy away (tanfīran)
5.
a group of men from three to tenboth
a group of men from three to ten
6.
with sukun on the fa' in bothboth
with sukun on the fa' in both
7.
his skin swelled, meaning it became inflamedboth
his skin swelled, meaning it became inflamed

تَنْفِرُverb

1.
to flee, shy away (present tense)both
The present tense form of 'nafar', indicating the action of fleeing or shying away.

نَفَارٌnoun

1.
aversion, shying awayclassical
A noun referring to the act or state of shying away or being averse, similar to 'ḥirān' (stubbornness in a horse).

نُفُورٌnoun

1.
fleeing, aversionboth
A masdar (verbal noun) indicating the act of fleeing or aversion.

نَفَرٌnoun

1.
plural of nafraboth
plural of nafra
2.
he is the one whose inside boils with rageboth
he is the one whose inside boils with rage
3.
the pilgrims departed from Mina (from the verb class of ḍaraba)both
the pilgrims departed from Mina (from the verb class of ḍaraba)
4.
he made him shy away (tanfīran)both
he made him shy away (tanfīran)
5.
a group of men from three to tenboth
a group of men from three to ten
6.
with sukun on the fa' in bothboth
with sukun on the fa' in both
7.
his skin swelled, meaning it became inflamedboth
his skin swelled, meaning it became inflamed

نَفَرَةٌnoun

1.
one of the nafar, which are birds like sparrows with red beaksboth
one of the nafar, which are birds like sparrows with red beaks
2.
with sukun on the fa' in bothboth
with sukun on the fa' in both

النَّفِيرُnoun

1.
mobilized groupboth
The group of people who mobilize or set out for a cause.
2.
group of men (3-10)both
Similar to 'nafar' and 'nafarah', denoting a small group of men.

الانْفَارُnoun

1.
aversion, turning awayclassical
The act of turning away from something or showing aversion.

التَّنْفِيرُnoun

1.
repulsion, causing aversionboth
The act of causing someone or something to turn away or feel aversion.
2.
giving a nicknameclassical
The act of assigning a nickname, metaphorically seen as repelling evil spirits or the evil eye.

الاسْتِنْفَارُnoun

1.
mobilization callboth
The act of calling for mobilization or rallying people.
2.
fleeing, aversionclassical
Can also mean the act of fleeing or showing aversion.

مُسْتَنْفِرٌadjective

1.
mobilized, rallyingboth
Someone or something that is mobilized or rallying.
2.
frightened, startledclassical
Describing something that is frightened, startled, or terrified.

مُنَفَّرٌadjective

1.
defeated, overcomeclassical
One who has been defeated or overcome in a contest or argument.

مُنَافِرٌadjective

1.
victorious, overcomingclassical
One who has overcome or defeated another in a contest or argument.

المُنَافَرَةُnoun

1.
contest of pride, boastingclassical
A competition or contest, especially in lineage or status, involving boasting or rivalry.

نَافَرَهُverb

1.
to compete with, surpassclassical
To compete with someone, especially in lineage or status, and to surpass them.

نَفَرَهُ عَلَيْهِverb

1.
to rule against, decree victoryclassical
To rule in favor of someone against another, decreeing victory for the first party.

أَنْفَرَهُverb

1.
to decree victory overclassical
Similar to 'naffara 'alayhi', to decree victory for someone over another.

نَفَرَ جِلْدُهُverb phrase

1.
skin became inflamedclassical
Used to describe the skin becoming inflamed or swollen.

نَفَرَ عَنْهُverb phrase

1.
to give a nicknameclassical
To assign a nickname to someone, metaphorically seen as warding off ill fortune.

النَّفْرِيْتُnoun

1.
emphasis, confirmationclassical
A word used as an emphatic follow-up to 'gharīt', serving as a form of confirmation or emphasis.

Parallel reading

نفرت الدابة تنفر وتنفر نفارا ونفورا

The animal shied away, it shies away and shies away, with a shying away and aversion.

يقال: في الدابة نفار، وهواسم مثل الحران.

It is said: 'The animal has aversion,' and it is a name like 'al-ḥirān' (stubbornness).

ونفر الحاج من منى نفرا.

And the pilgrims set out from Mina, a departure.

ونفر القوم في الأمور نفورا.

And the people mobilized for the matters, with mobilization.

والنفير: القوم الذين يتقدمون فيه.

And 'an-nafīr': the people who advance in it (the cause).

يقال: جاءت نفرة بني فلان ونفيرهم، أي جماعتهم الذين ينفرون في الامر.

It is said: 'The group of so-and-so's family and their mobilized party have come,' meaning their group who mobilize for the matter.

والانفار عن الشئ، والتنفير عنه، والاستنفار، كله بمعنى.

Turning away from something, causing aversion from it, and calling for mobilization, all have the same meaning.

والاستنفار أيضا: النفور.

And 'al-istinfār' also means: fleeing/aversion.

حمر مستنفرة، أي نافرة و مستنفرة بفتح الفاء، أي مذعورة.

Startled donkeys, meaning fleeing, and 'mustanfirah' (with fatha on the fa), meaning terrified.

والنفر بالتحريك: عدة رجال من ثلاثة إلى عشرة.

And 'an-nafar' (with harakah): a number of men from three to ten.

والنفير مثله، وكذلك النفر والنفرة بالإسكان.

And 'an-nafīr' is like it, as are 'an-nafar' and 'an-nafarah' (with sukun).

نفرة الرجل ونفره، أي رهطه.

A man's 'nafarah' and his 'nafar', meaning his kinsmen.

فهو لا تنمى رميته * ماله لا عد من نفره

So his shot does not improve; what is wrong with him, may he not be counted among his people?

ويقال يوم النفر وليلة النفر، لليوم الذي ينفر فيه الناس من منى، وهو بعد يوم القر.

And it is said 'Yawm an-Nafar' and 'Laylat an-Nafar', referring to the day people depart from Mina, which is after Ayyam al-Qarr (days of rest).

والمنافرة: المحاكمة في الحسب.

And 'al-munāfarah': competing in lineage.

نافرته فنفره ينفره بالضم لاغير، أي غلبه.

You competed with him, and he defeated him, he defeats him (with dammah only), meaning he overcame him.

واعترف المنفور للنافر

And the defeated admitted to the victor.

نفره عليه تنفيرا، أي قضى له عليه بالغلبة، وكذلك أنفره.

He decreed victory over him ('naffarahu 'alayhi'), meaning he ruled in his favor with victory, and likewise 'anfarahu'.

وقولهم: لقيته قبل كل صيح ونفر، أي أولا.

And their saying: 'I met him before every cry and mobilization,' meaning first.

ونفر جلده، أي وروم.

And his skin became inflamed, meaning it swelled.

تخلل رجل بالقصب فنفر فمه " أي ورم.

A man cleaned his teeth with reeds, and his mouth became inflamed, meaning it swelled.

وهو من نفار الشئ من الشئ، وهو تجافيه عنه وتباعده منه.

And it is from something repelling another, which is its distancing and moving away from it.

وقولهم: نفرعنه، أي لقبه لقبا، كأنه عندهم تنفير للجن والعين عنه.

And their saying: 'Naffara 'anhu,' meaning they gave him a nickname, as if it were, in their view, a way to ward off jinn and the evil eye from him.

لما ولدت قيل لأبي: نفر عنه. فسماني قنفذا، وكناني أبا العداء.

When I was born, it was said to my father: 'Ward him off.' So he named me Qunfudh (Hedgehog) and gave me the kunyah Abu al-'Adā' (Father of Hostility).

والنفريت إتباع للغريت وتوكيد.

And 'an-nafrīt' is a follow-up to 'al-gharīt' and an emphasis.