عفر

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

The root 'عفر' primarily relates to dust, earth, and the color associated with it. It extends to concepts of smearing, rubbing, and covering with dust, as well as dryness and paleness. It also encompasses terms for specific animals, plants, and abstract qualities like cunning and strength.

Derived headwords

العَفَرُnoun

1.
dustboth
Fine particles of earth or other matter.
2.
first wateringclassical
The initial watering given to crops.

عَفَرَverb

1.
dust, earthboth
dust, earth
2.
the male pigboth
the male pig
3.
the wicked, cunning manboth
the wicked, cunning man

عفره في التراب يعفره عفرا — He smeared him in the dust, rubbing him vigorously.

عَفَّرَverb

1.
dust, earthboth
dust, earth
2.
the male pigboth
the male pig
3.
the wicked, cunning manboth
the wicked, cunning man

عفره تعفيرا، أي مرغه — He smeared him, meaning he rubbed him.

تعفير اللحم: تجفيفه على الرمل في الشمس — Drying meat: drying it on sand in the sun.

تَعْفِيرnoun

1.
meaning: he rolled itboth
meaning: he rolled it
2.
whiteningboth
whitening

التعفير في الفطام: أن تمسح المرأة ثديها بشئ من التراب تنفيرا للصبي — The smearing in weaning: a woman rubbing her breast with some dust to deter the child.

عَنْ عَفَرٍphrase

1.
after a monthclassical
A period of about a month or more, used to test someone's patience.

لقيت فلانا عن عفر بالضم، أي بعد شهر ونحوه — I met so-and-so after a month or so, meaning after a month and the like.

العَفِيرُnoun

1.
dried meatclassical
Meat that has been dried on sand in the sun.
2.
white (animal)classical
A white animal, not intensely white.
3.
woman who doesn't give giftsclassical
A woman who does not give gifts to her neighbor.
4.
sweetened gruelclassical
Gruel mixed with water without any fat or oil.

انْعَفَرَverb

1.
to become dustyboth
To become covered in dust.

انعفر الشئ، أي تترب — The thing became dusty, meaning it became covered in dust.

اعْتَفَرَverb

1.
to become dustyboth
To become covered in dust.
2.
to cover oneself with dustboth
To cover oneself with dust.
3.
to mount (animal)classical
A lion mounting its prey.

اعتفر مثله — It became dusty like it.

اعتفره الأسد، إذا فرسه — The lion mounted it, meaning it mounted it.

الأَعْفَرُadjective

1.
white with reddish tingeboth
Describing something that is white but has a reddish hue, like a sheep or a gazelle.
2.
whiteclassical
White, but not intensely so.

وشاة عفراء: يعلو بياضها حمرة — A white sheep: its whiteness is tinged with redness.

وهي أضعف الظباء عدوا، تسكن القفاف وصلابة الأرض — They are the weakest of gazelles in running, inhabiting high plateaus and hard ground.

العَفْرَاءُnoun

1.
thirteenth nightclassical
The thirteenth night of the lunar month.

المَعْفُورَةُnoun

1.
land grazed bareclassical
Land whose vegetation has been consumed.

اليَعْفُورُnoun

1.
fawnboth
A young wild cow or a young gazelle.
2.
male gazelleclassical
Male gazelles.

العَفَّارُnoun

1.
fire-starting woodclassical
A type of tree from which fire is kindled.
2.
palm cultivationclassical
The process of improving and pollinating a date palm.
3.
bread without oilclassical
A variant pronunciation of 'al-qifār', meaning bread without any accompaniment.

في كل شجر نار، واستمجد المرخ والعفار — In every tree there is fire, and marrkh and 'afar are esteemed for it.

العُفْرُnoun

1.
male wild boarclassical
A male wild boar.

العَفِرُadjective

1.
cunningclassical
A cunning, shrewd, or crafty man.

عَفِرَةٌnoun

1.
he rolled it in the dust (from the verb 'daraba')both
he rolled it in the dust (from the verb 'daraba')
2.
the woman (wicked, cunning)both
the woman (wicked, cunning)

العِفْرِيتُnoun

1.
demonboth
A powerful, mischievous, or wicked spirit; a demon or an ogre.
2.
exaggeratedclassical
One who is excessive or extreme in any matter.
3.
calamityclassical
A great misfortune or disaster.

إن الله تعالى يبغض العفرية النفرية، الذي لا يرزأ في أهل ولا مال — Indeed, Allah despises the arrogant and boastful one, who is not afflicted in family or wealth.

العِفْرِيَّةُnoun

1.
demonclassical
A demon or a powerful, wicked being.
2.
calamityclassical
A great misfortune or disaster.
3.
mane hairclassical
The hair on the back of the neck of a lion, rooster, etc., which it raises during a fight.

كأنه كوكب في إثر عفرية — As if he were a star following a demon.

العَفَّارِيَّةُnoun

1.
demonclassical
A demon or a powerful, wicked being.

قرنت الظالمين بمر مريس يذل لها العفارية المريد — He coupled the oppressors with a bitter drink that humbles the powerful demons.

العُفْرِنِيُّadjective

1.
lionclassical
A lion, named for its strength.
2.
strong (female)classical
A strong lioness or a strong female camel.

عَفْرَنَاةٌadjective

1.
strong (female camel)classical
A strong female camel.

حملت أثقالي مصمماتها غلب الذفارى وعفر نياتها — She carried my burdens, determined, with strong humps and strong female camels.

عَافُورُnoun

1.
great troubleclassical
A state of severe difficulty or distress.

وقع القوم في عافور شر — The people fell into a great trouble of evil.

عُفْرَةُnoun

1.
he rolled it in the dust (from the verb 'daraba')both
he rolled it in the dust (from the verb 'daraba')
2.
the woman (wicked, cunning)both
the woman (wicked, cunning)

في عفرة الحر، بضم العين والفاء: لغة في أفرة الحر — In the heat of the day, with dammah on 'ayn and fa', it is a variant of 'afrah al-ḥarr.

عِفْرِينُnoun

1.
lionclassical
A strong lion.
2.
place of lionsclassical
A place known for lions.
3.
strong rulerclassical
A strong and powerful ruler.

Parallel reading

العفر، بالتحريك: التراب

Al-'afar, with harakat: dust.

والعفر أيضا: أول سقية سقيها الزرع

And al-'afar also: the first watering given to the crops.

وعفره في التراب يعفره عفرا، وعفره تعفيرا، أي مرغه

And he smeared him in the dust, rubbing him vigorously, and he smeared him, meaning he rubbed him.

والتعفير في الفطام: أن تمسح المرأة ثديها بشئ من التراب تنفيرا للصبي

And the smearing in weaning: a woman rubbing her breast with some dust to deter the child.

ويقال: هو من قولهم: لقيت فلانا عن عفر بالضم، أي بعد شهر ونحوه، لأنها ترضعه بين اليوم واليومين، تبلو بذلك صبره

And it is said: it is from their saying: I met so-and-so after a month or so, meaning after a month and the like, because she nurses him between one day and two, testing his patience thereby.

وتعفير اللحم: تجفيفه على الرمل في الشمس

And drying meat: drying it on sand in the sun.

واسم ذلك اللحم العفير وانعفر الشئ، أي تترب

And the name of that meat is al-'afīr, and the thing became dusty, meaning it became covered in dust.

واعتفر مثله

And it became dusty like it.

وقال المرار يصف شعر امرأة بالكثافة والطول: تهلك المدارة في أكنافه * وإذا ما أرسلته يعتفر

And al-Murr attributed, describing a woman's hair as thick and long: The head-covering perishes in its strands * And when she lets it down, it becomes dusty.

ويروى: " ينعفر "

And it is narrated: 'yan'afar'.

ويقال: اعتفره الأسد، إذا فرسه

And it is said: the lion mounted it, meaning it mounted it.

والتعفير: التبييض

And al-ta'fīr: whitening.

وفي الحديث: أن امرأة شكت إليه أن مالها لا يزكو، فقال: ما ألوانها؟ قالت: سود فقال: " عفري "، أي استبدلي أغناما بيضا، فإن البركة فيها

And in the Hadith: A woman complained to him that her wealth was not increasing, so he said: What are their colors? She said: Black. He said: 'Ufrī, meaning, exchange them for white sheep, for the blessing is in them.

والعفير من النساء: التي لا تهدى لجارتها شيئا

And al-'afīr among women: she who does not give anything to her neighbor.

قال الكميت: وإذا الخرد اغتررن من المح‍ * - ل وصارت مهداؤهن عفيرا

Al-Kumait said: And when the young women are deceived by the men * And their gifts become 'afīr (meaning, nothing).

والعفير: السويق الملتوت بلا أدم

And al-'afīr: gruel mixed without fat.

والأعفر: الأبيض وليس بالشديد البياض

And al-a'far: white, but not intensely white.

وشاة عفراء: يعلو بياضها حمرة

A white sheep: its whiteness is tinged with redness.

أبو عمرو: العفر من الظباء: التي يعلو بياضها حمرة، قصار الأعناق، وهي أضعف الظباء عدوا، تسكن القفاف وصلابة الأرض

Abu Amr: Al-'afar among gazelles: those whose whiteness is tinged with redness, short of neck, and they are the weakest gazelles in running, inhabiting high plateaus and hard ground.

قال الكميت: وكنا إذا جبار قوم أرادنا * بكيد حملناه على قرن أعفرا

Al-Kumait said: And we, when a powerful man intended harm against us * We carried him on a white-horned one (meaning, we killed him and carried his head on a spearhead).

وكانت تكون الاسنة فيها مضى، من القرون

And the spearheads used to have a past, from the horns.

والعفراء من الليالي: ليلة ثلاث عشرة

And al-'afra' among the nights: the thirteenth night.

والمعفورة: الأرض التي أكل نبتها

And al-ma'fūrah: the land whose vegetation has been consumed.

واليعفور: الخشف، وولد البقرة الوحشية أيضا

And al-ya'fūr: the fawn, and the young of the wild cow also.

وقال بعضهم: اليعافير تيوس الظباء

And some of them said: Al-ya'afīr are the male gazelles.

والاسود بن يعفر الشاعر إذا قتله بفتح الياء لم تصرفه، لانه مثل يقتل

And al-Aswad ibn Ya'fur the poet, if you pronounce 'Ya' with fatha, you do not decline it, because it is like 'yaqtul'.

وقال يونس: سمعت رؤبة يقول: أسود بن يعفر بضم الياء وهذا ينصرف لانه قد زال عنه شبه الفعل

And Yunus said: I heard Ru'bah say: Aswad ibn Ya'fur with dammah on 'ya', and this is declined because the resemblance to the verb has been removed from it.

والعفار: شجر تقدح منه النار

And al-'affār: a tree from which fire is kindled.

وفي المثل: " في كل شجر نار، واستمجد المرخ والعفار "

And in the proverb: 'In every tree there is fire, and marrkh and 'affār are esteemed for it.'

والعفار أيضا: إصلاح النخلة وتلقيحها

And al-'affār also: improving and pollinating a date palm.

يقال: كنا في العفار وهو بالفاء أشهر منه بالقاف

It is said: We were in al-'affār, and it is more famous with 'fa' than with 'qaf'.

والعفار: لغة في القفار، وهو الخبز بلا أدم

And al-'affār: a dialectal form of al-qifār, which is bread without any accompaniment.

والعفر بالكسر: الخنزير الذكر

And al-'ifr (with kasr): the male wild boar.

والعفر: الرجل الخبيث الداهي

And al-'afir: the cunning, shrewd man.

والمرأة عفرة

And the woman is 'afirah.

قال أبو عبيدة: العفريت من كل شئ: المبالغ

Abu Ubaydah said: Al-'ifrīt of everything: the one who exaggerates.

يقال: فلان عفريت نفريت، وعفرية نفرية

It is said: So-and-so is 'ifrīt nifrīt, and 'ifriyah nifriyah.

وفى الحديث: " إن الله تعالى يبغض العفرية النفرية، الذى لا يرزأ في أهل ولا مال "

And in the Hadith: 'Indeed, Allah despises the arrogant and boastful one, who is not afflicted in family or wealth.'

والعفرية: المصحح

And al-'ifriyah: the one who corrects.

والنفرية إتباع

And al-nifriyah is an appendage.

قال: والعفارية مثل العفريت، وهو واحد

He said: And al-'affāriyah is like al-'ifrīt, and it is singular.

وأنشد لجرير: قرنت الظالمين بمر مريس * يذل لها العفارية المريد

And he recited for Jarir: He coupled the oppressors with a bitter drink that humbles the powerful demons.

قال الخليل: شيطان عفرية وعفريت، وهم العفارية والعغاريت، إذا سكنت الياء صيرت الهاء تاء، وإذا حركتها فالتاء هاء في الوقف

Al-Khalil said: A demon is 'ifriyah and 'ifrīt, and they are al-'affāriyah and al-'aghārīt. If the 'ya' is quiescent, the 'ha' becomes 'ta', and if you move it, the 'ta' is 'ha' in pause.

قال ذو الرمة: كأنه كوكب في إثر عفرية * مسوم في سواد الليل منقضب

Dhu al-Rummah said: As if he were a star following a demon * Marked in the blackness of the night, departing.

والعفرية أيضا: الداهية

And al-'ifriyah also: the calamity.

والعفرة بالضم: شعرة القفا من الأسد والديك وغيرهما، وهي التي يردها إلى يافوخه عند الهراش، وكذلك العفرية والعفراة أيضا بالكسر فيهما

And al-'afrah (with dammah): the hair on the nape of the neck of a lion, rooster, etc., which it raises to its crown during a fight, and likewise al-'ifriyah and al-'afrah (with kasr) in both.

يقال: جاء فلان نافشا عفريته، إذا غضبان

It is said: So-and-so came with his mane bristling, meaning angry.

والمعافر بضم الميم: الذي يمشي مع الرفق فينال من فضلهم

And al-ma'āfir (with dammah): he who walks with the group and benefits from their surplus.

ومعافر بفتح الميم: حى من همدان، لا ينصرف في معرفة ولا نكرة، لانه جاء على مثال مالا ينصرف من الجمع

And Ma'āfir (with fatha): a tribe of Hamdan, it is indeclinable in definite or indefinite, because it came in the pattern of indeclinable plurals.

وإليهم تنسب الثياب المعافرية

And the Ma'āfirī clothes are attributed to them.

تقول: ثوب معافرى، فتصرفه لانك أدخلت عليه ياء النسبة ولم تكن في الواحد

You say: a Ma'āfirī garment, and you decline it because you added the 'ya' of attribution to it, and it was not in the singular.

والعفرنى: الاسد وهو فعلنى، سمي بذلك لشدته

And al-'ufrunī: the lion, and it is on the pattern of 'fulanī', named so for its strength.

ولبؤة عفرنى أيضا، أي شديدة، والنون والالف للالحاق بسفرجل

And a lioness is also 'ufrunī, meaning strong, and the 'nun' and 'alif' are for attachment to 'safargal'.

ونافة عفرناة، أي قوية

And a camel is 'ufrunāh, meaning strong.

قال الشاعر: حملت أثقالي مصمماتها * غلب الذفارى وعفر نياتها

The poet said: She carried my burdens, determined, with strong humps and strong female camels.

ووقع القوم في عافور شر

And the people fell into a great trouble of evil.

ويقال: جاءنا فلان في عفرة الحر، بضم العين والفاء: لغة في أفرة الحر

And it is said: So-and-so came to us in the heat of the day, with dammah on 'ayn and fa', a variant of 'afrah al-ḥarr.

وفي عفرة الحر بالفتح، حكاهما الكسائي، أي في شدته، ويقال في أوله

And in 'afrah al-ḥarr (with fatha), both were narrated by Al-Kisa'i, meaning in its intensity, and it is said at its beginning.

وعفرين: مأسدة

And 'Ifrīn: a place of lions.

وقيل لكل ضابط قوي: ليث عفرين، بكسر العين والراء مشددة

And it is said for every strong ruler: Layth 'Ifrīn, with kasr on 'ayn and a doubled 'ra'.

قال الاصمعي: عفرين: اسم بلد

Al-Asma'ī said: 'Ifrīn: the name of a place.