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سنمر

Root entry · 13 derived lemmas

This root entry primarily discusses the name Sanmar and its association with a famous anecdote. It also extensively covers the word 'sur' (سُور) and its derivatives, referring to walls, fortifications, and levels or ranks, including its application to chapters of the Quran. The root also touches upon bracelets and the act of leaping or attacking.

Derived headwords

سَنَمَارname
  1. 1.
    Sanmarclassical

    The name of a Roman man who built the palace of Al-Khawarnaq for Nu'man ibn Imri' al-Qays. After its completion, he was thrown from its top to his death so that no one else would build its like, leading to the Arabic proverb 'The reward of Sanmar'.

جزتنا بنو سعد بحسن فعالنا * جزاء سنمار وما كان ذا ذنب — The Banu Sa'd have rewarded us for our good deeds with the reward of Sanmar, though he had committed no offense.
السُّورnoun
  1. 1.
    its plural is أسآرboth

    its plural is أسآر

  2. 2.
    the city wallboth

    the city wall

السور: حائط المدينة — The wall: the wall of the city.
وهى كل منزلة من البناء — which is every level of a structure.
ويريد شرفا ومنزلة — meaning honor and status.
أسْوَارnoun
  1. 1.
    plural of sūrboth

    plural of sūr

  2. 2.
    singular of asāwirboth

    singular of asāwir

والجمع أسورة، وجمع الجمع أساورة — and the plural is 'aswirah', and the plural of the plural is 'asawirah'.
والاسوار والاسوار: الواحد من أساورة. الفرس — And 'al-asawirah' and 'al-aswar': one of the knights. The horseman.
سُورَةnoun
  1. 1.
    every level of a buildingboth

    every level of a building

  2. 2.
    a chapter of the Qur'anboth

    a chapter of the Qur'an

وسار إليه يسور سؤورا: وثب — And he leaped towards him, 'yasuru' 'su'uran': he leaped.
وسورة الشراب: وثوبه في الرأس — And the 'surah' of the drink: its surge in the head.
وسورة السلطان: سطوته واعتداؤه — And the 'surah' of the sultan: his might and aggression.
سُورَىname
  1. 1.
    Suraclassical

    A place in Iraq, in the land of Babylon, which was a city of the Syrians.

وسورى، مثال بشرى: موضع بالعراق من أرض بابل، وهو بلد السريانيين — And 'Sura', like 'bushra': a place in Iraq, from the land of Babylon, and it is the land of the Syrians.
سَاوَرَهُverb
  1. 1.
    To leap upon, to attackboth

    To leap upon someone or to attack them.

وساوره، أي واثبه — And 'sawarahu', meaning he leaped upon him.
تَسَوَّرَverb
  1. 1.
    he climbed itboth

    he climbed it

وتسور الحائط، تسلقه — And 'tasawwara' the wall, he climbed over it.
سَارَverb
  1. 1.
    from the category of bāʿa (verb conjugation)both

    from the category of bāʿa (verb conjugation)

وسار إليه يسور سؤورا: وثب — And he leaped towards him, 'yasuru' 'su'uran': he leaped.
إسْوَارnoun
  1. 1.
    plural of sūrboth

    plural of sūr

  2. 2.
    singular of asāwirboth

    singular of asāwir

وقال أبو عمرو بن العلاء: واحدها إسوار — And Abu Amr ibn al-Ala said: its singular is 'iswar'.
سَوَّرَهُverb
  1. 1.
    every level of a buildingboth

    every level of a building

  2. 2.
    a chapter of the Qur'anboth

    a chapter of the Qur'an

وسورته أي ألبسة السوار، فتسوره — And 'sawwarahu' meaning he clothed him with bracelets, so he wore them.
سُورَانnoun
  1. 1.
    Wallsboth

    A plural form of 'sur', referring to walls.

والسور: حائط المدينة، وجمعه أسوار وسيران — And 'al-sur': the wall of the city, and its plural is 'aswar' and 'suran'.
سُورَاتnoun
  1. 1.
    Levels, ranksboth

    Plural form of 'surah' referring to levels or ranks, particularly in the context of Quranic chapters.

ويجوز أن تجمع على سورات وسورات — And it is permissible for it to be pluralized as 'surat' and 'surat'.
أَسَاوِرَةnoun
  1. 1.
    Knights, horsemenclassical

    A collective noun for knights or skilled horsemen.

  2. 2.
    Persians, foreignersclassical

    A group of non-Arabs (Persians) who settled in Basra.

والاساورة أيضا: قوم من العجم بالبصرة نزلوها قديما، كالاحامرة بالكوفة — And 'al-asawirah' also: a people of non-Arabs in Basra who settled there long ago, like 'al-ahamirah' in Kufa.

Parallel reading

سنمار: اسم رجل رومى بنى الخورنق الذى بظهر الكوفة للنعمان بن امرئ القيس
Sanmar: the name of a Roman man who built Al-Khawarnaq, which is in the vicinity of Kufa, for Nu'man ibn Imri' al-Qays.
فلما فرغ منه ألقاه من أعلاه فخر ميتا كيلا يبنى لغيره مثله
When he finished it, he threw him from its top, and he fell dead, so that he would not build its like for anyone else.
فضربت به العرب المثل فقالوا: " جزاء سنمار "
So the Arabs made it a proverb, saying: 'The reward of Sanmar'.
السور: حائط المدينة، وجمعه أسوار وسيران.
The 'sur': the wall of the city, and its plural is 'aswar' and 'suran'.
والسور أيضا: جمع سورة، مثل بسرة وبسبر، وهى كل منزلة من البناء.
And 'al-sur' also: a plural of 'surah', like 'busrah' and 'busbar', and it is every level of a structure.
ومنه سورة القرآن، لأنها منزلة بعد منزلة مقطوعة عن الأخرى.
And from it is the chapter of the Quran, because it is a level after a level, cut off from the other.
قال الشاعر (1) : سود المحاجر لا يقرأن بالسور (2)
A poet said: Dark-eyed ones who do not read by the wall.
وقول النابغة: ألم تر أن الله أعطاك ms0507 سورة * ترى كل ملك دونها يتذبذب
And the saying of Al-Nābighah: Have you not seen that God has given you a rank * such that every king trembles before it.
والسوار: سوار المرأة، والجمع أسورة، وجمع الجمع أساورة.
And 'al-siwar': the bracelet of a woman, and the plural is 'aswirah', and the plural of the plural is 'asawirah'.
وقرئ: (فلولا ألقى عليه أساورة من ذهب) *
And it was recited: (Why were not bracelets of gold cast upon him)*
وقال أبو عمرو بن العلاء: واحدها إسوار.
And Abu Amr ibn al-Ala said: its singular is 'iswar'.
وسورته أي ألبسة السوار، فتسوره.
And 'sawwarahu' meaning he clothed him with bracelets, so he wore them.
وتسور الحائط، تسلقه.
And he climbed over the wall, he scaled it.
وسار إليه يسور سؤورا: وثب.
And he leaped towards him, 'yasuru' 'su'uran': he leaped.
قال الأخطل يصف خمرا. لما أتوها بمصباح ومبزلهم * سارت إليهم سؤور الابجل الضارى
Al-Akhtal said, describing wine. When they brought them a lamp and their water-skin * they leaped towards them like fierce lions.
ويقال: إن لغضبه لسورة.
And it is said: his anger has a surge.
وهو سوار، أي وثاب معربد.
And he is a 'siwar', meaning a leaping, drunkard.
وسورة الشراب: وثوبه في الرأس، وكذلك سورة الحمة.
And the 'surah' of the drink: its surge in the head, and likewise the 'surah' of the sting.
وسورة السلطان: سطوته واعتداؤه.
And the 'surah' of the sultan: his might and aggression.
والاسوار والاسوار: الواحد من أساورة. الفرس.
And 'al-asawirah' and 'al-aswar': one of the knights. The horseman.
والاساورة أيضا: قوم من العجم بالبصرة نزلوها قديما، كالاحامرة بالكوفة.
And 'al-asawirah' also: a people of non-Arabs in Basra who settled there long ago, like 'al-ahamirah' in Kufa.