كود

Root entry · 9 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with the concept of nearing or almost doing something, often implying failure to complete the action. It also extends to meanings of intention, desire, and a lack of willingness or effort.

Derived headwords

كَادَverb

1.
he almost did such-and-such, he was on the verge of doing itboth
he almost did such-and-such, he was on the verge of doing it
2.
he approached it but did not do itboth
he approached it but did not do it
3.
it is used for approximation of an action, whether it happened or notboth
it is used for approximation of an action, whether it happened or not
4.
a word of rebuke and deterrence, meaningboth
a word of rebuke and deterrence, meaning

كَادَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا — He almost did such-and-such.

يَكَادُverb

1.
he almost doesboth
The present tense form indicating the ongoing or habitual action of almost doing something.

مَا يَكَادُ مِنْهُ — What is intended from him.

كادَverb

1.
he almost did such-and-such, he was on the verge of doing itboth
he almost did such-and-such, he was on the verge of doing it
2.
he approached it but did not do itboth
he approached it but did not do it
3.
it is used for approximation of an action, whether it happened or notboth
it is used for approximation of an action, whether it happened or not
4.
a word of rebuke and deterrence, meaningboth
a word of rebuke and deterrence, meaning

كَادَتْ وَكِدْتُ وَتِلْكَ خَيْرُ إِرَادَةٍ — She almost did, and I almost did, and that is the best intention.

كُدْتُverb

1.
I almost didboth
The past tense form indicating the speaker was on the verge of doing something.

كُدْتُ أَفْعَلُ كَذَا — I almost did such-and-such.

كَوْدًاnoun

1.
nearnessclassical
The state of being close to doing something; the act of almost doing.

مَكَادَةnoun

1.
he approached it but did not do itboth
he approached it but did not do it

لَا مُهِمَّةٌ لِي وَلَا مَكَادَةٌ — I have no concern and no effort/unwillingness.

كَيَدverb

1.
to almost doclassical
A variant pronunciation of 'kāda' (to almost do), with the vowel shifted.

كِيدَ زَيْدٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا — Zayd almost did such-and-such.

أَكَادُverb

1.
I want, I intendboth
I want, I intend

أَكَادُ أُخْفِيهَا — I almost hide them.

أَنْparticle

1.
the man groaned from pain, groaning with kasra, and also with damma, and 'ta'annana'both
the man groaned from pain, groaning with kasra, and also with damma, and 'ta'annana'
2.
two particles that make the noun accusative and the verb nominativeboth
two particles that make the noun accusative and the verb nominative
3.
The one with kasra is used to emphasize the news.both
The one with kasra is used to emphasize the news.
4.
The one with fatḥa and what follows it is interpreted as a verbal noun, the second due to the occurrence of the first.both
The one with fatḥa and what follows it is interpreted as a verbal noun, the second due to the occurrence of the first.
5.
The one with kasra is a particle of condition that causes (a jussive).both
The one with kasra is a particle of condition that causes (a jussive).
6.
It can mean 'not' in negation.both
It can mean 'not' in negation.
7.
It can be in the answer to an oath, you say 'By God, if you did' meaning 'you did not do'.both
It can be in the answer to an oath, you say 'By God, if you did' meaning 'you did not do'.
8.
It is with the future verb in the meaning of a verbal noun, and it makes it accusative.both
It is with the future verb in the meaning of a verbal noun, and it makes it accusative.
9.
If it enters upon a non-past verb, it is with it in the meaning of a verbal noun that has occurred, but it does not govern.both
If it enters upon a non-past verb, it is with it in the meaning of a verbal noun that has occurred, but it does not govern.
10.
It can be a lightened form of the emphasized one, so it does not govern.both
It can be a lightened form of the emphasized one, so it does not govern.
11.
The one with fatḥa can mean 'perhaps'.both
The one with fatḥa can mean 'perhaps'.
12.
The lightened one with fatḥa can mean 'that is to say'.both
The lightened one with fatḥa can mean 'that is to say'.
13.
its time has comeboth
its time has come
14.
it is timeboth
it is time
15.
whose heat has reached its endboth
whose heat has reached its end

Parallel reading

كَادَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا، يَكَادُ كَوْدًا وَمَكَادَةً، أَيْ قَارَبَ وَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ.

He almost did such-and-such, he was on the verge of it, meaning he approached but did not do it.

وَحَكَى سِيبَوَيْهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ الْعَرَبِ: كُدْتُ أَفْعَلُ كَذَا، بِضَمِّ الْكَافِ.

And Sibawayh narrated from some of the Arabs: 'I almost did such-and-such', with a damma on the kaf.

وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ يَقُولُونَ: كِيدَ زَيْدٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا، وَمَا زَالَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا، يُرِيدُونَ كَادَ وَزَالَ، فَنَقَلُوا الْكَسْرَ إِلَى الْكَافِ فِي فَعَلَ كَمَا نَقَلُوا فِي فَعَلْتُ.

And Abu al-Khattab told me that some Arabs say: 'Zayd almost did such-and-such', and 'he continued to do such-and-such', meaning kāda and zāla, so they transferred the kasra to the kaf in faʿala as they transferred it in faʿaltu.

وَزَعَمَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ مَنْ يَقُولُ: لَا أَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ وَلَا كَوْدًا، فَجَعَلَهَا مِنَ الْوَاوِ.

And Al-Asma'i claimed that he heard from the Arabs someone saying: 'I will not do that, not even a little bit', considering it derived from the waw.

وَقَدْ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهَا " أَنْ " تَشْبِيهًا بِعَسَى.

And they may precede it with 'an' (that), by analogy with 'ʿasā' (perhaps).

قَدْ كَادَ مِنْ طُولِ الْبِلَى أَنْ يَمْصَحَا

He almost perished from the length of decay.

وَقَوْلُهُمْ: عَرَفَ فُلَانٌ مَا يَكَادُ مِنْهُ، أَيْ مَا يُرَادُ مِنْهُ.

And their saying: 'So-and-so knew what was intended from him', meaning what was desired from him.

وَيُقَالُ: لَا مُهِمَّةٌ لِي وَلَا مَكَادَةٌ، أَيْ لَا أَهْتَمُّ وَلَا أُكَادُ.

And it is said: 'I have no concern and no effort/unwillingness', meaning I do not care and I do not exert myself.

وَتَقُولُ لِمَنْ يَطْلُبُ مِنْكَ الشَّيْءَ فَلَا تُرِيدُ إِعْطَاءَهُ: لَا وَلَا مَكَادَةٌ.

And you say to someone who asks you for something and you do not want to give it: 'No, and not even with effort/unwillingness'.

وَكَادَ وُضِعَتْ لِمُقَارَبَةِ الشَّيْءِ، فُعِلَ أَوْ لَمْ يُفْعَلْ، فَمُجَرَّدُهُ يُنْبِئُ عَنْ نَفْيِ الْفِعْلِ، وَمَقْرُونُهُ بِالْجَحْدِ يُنْبِئُ عَنْ وُقُوعِ الْفِعْلِ.

And 'kāda' is used for approaching something, whether it was done or not done; its simple form implies the negation of the action, while its negation implies the occurrence of the action.

قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: (أَكَادُ أُخْفِيهَا) * أُرِيدُ أُخْفِيهَا.

Some of them said about the Almighty's saying: (I almost hide them) * meaning: I want to hide them.

فَكَمَا جَازَ أَنْ يُوضَعَ أُرِيدُ مَوْضِعَ أَكَادُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: (جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْقَضَّ) * فَكَذَلِكَ أَكَادُ.

So just as it is permissible for 'I want' to be placed in the position of 'I almost' in the Almighty's saying: (a wall wanting to fall down) *, so too is 'I almost'.

وَأَنْشَدَ الْأَخْفَشُ: كَادَتْ وَكِدْتُ وَتِلْكَ خَيْرُ إِرَادَةٍ لَوْ عَادَ مِنْ لَهْوِ الصَّبَابَةِ مَا مَضَى

And Al-Akhfash recited: She almost did, and I almost did, and that is the best intention, if what has passed of the play of passionate love could return.