ءن

Root entry · 9 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the particle 'an', which can function as a noun or a particle. As a particle, it has various grammatical roles including introducing subordinate clauses, indicating purpose, or acting as a negator. It can also be a variant of 'inna' (indeed) or a conditional particle.

Derived headwords

أنparticle

1.
that (conjunction)both
A particle that introduces a subordinate clause, often functioning similarly to 'that' in English. It can be followed by a verb in the indicative, subjunctive, or jussive mood, depending on context.
2.
indeed (particle)classical
A particle that can be used for emphasis or confirmation, similar to 'inna' (indeed).
3.
if (conditional)classical
A conditional particle, similar to 'in' (if), used to introduce a conditional clause.
4.
lest (particle)classical
A particle used to express a negative purpose or consequence, similar to 'lest' or 'so that not'.
5.
when (temporal)classical
A temporal particle, similar to 'idh' (when), used to introduce a temporal clause.

أَنْتَnoun

1.
you (masculine singular)both
A pronoun referring to the second person masculine singular, used in addressing one person.

أَنْتِnoun

1.
you (feminine singular)both
A pronoun referring to the second person feminine singular, used in addressing one person.

أَنْتُمَاnoun

1.
you (dual)both
A pronoun referring to the second person dual, used in addressing two people.

أَنْتُمْnoun

1.
you (masculine plural)both
A pronoun referring to the second person masculine plural, used in addressing a group of males.

أَنْتُنَّnoun

1.
you (feminine plural)both
A pronoun referring to the second person feminine plural, used in addressing a group of females.

أَنَاnoun

1.
I (first person singular)both
A pronoun referring to the first person singular, used by the speaker to refer to themselves.

يَأْنُverb

1.
to come of ageclassical
To reach maturity or the appropriate time for something.
2.
to be timelyclassical
To be suitable or opportune for a particular moment.

أَنَاparticle

1.
indeed (particle)classical
A particle used for emphasis, similar to 'inna'.

Parallel reading

أن المفتوحة تكون اسما وحرفا

The open 'an' can be a noun and a particle.

أن فعلت، بسكون النون

that you did, with a sukun on the noon.

والأكثرون على فتحها وصلا، والإتيان بالألف وقفا

And the majority are on its opening when connecting, and bringing the alif when pausing.

والجمهور أن الضمير هو أن، والتاء حرف خطاب

And the majority hold that the pronoun is 'an', and the 'ta' is a letter of address.

يكون حرفا مصدريا ناصبا للمضارع

It is a مصدر-introducing particle that makes the imperfect verb accusative.

ويقع في موضع رفع، نحو: {وأن تصوموا خير لكم}

And it occurs in a position of nominative, such as: 'And your fasting is better for you'.

ويقع بعد لفظ دال على معنى غير اليقين، فيكون في موضع رفع

And it occurs after a word indicating a meaning other than certainty, and it is in a position of nominative.

{ألم يأن للذين آمنوا أن تخشع قلوبهم}

'Has not the time come for those who have believed that their hearts should be humbled?'

ونصب {وما كان هذا القرآن أن يفترى}

And accusative: 'And this Quran could not have been forged'.

وخفض: {من قبل أن يأتي أحدكم الموت}

And genitive: 'before death comes to one of you'.

وقد يجزم، بها كقوله: إذا ما غدونا، قال ولدان أهلنا: ... تعالوا إلى أن يأتنا الصيد نحطب

And it may make the jussive, as in his saying: When we set out in the morning, the boys of our family said: ... Come until the game comes to us for firewood.

وقد يرفع الفعل بعدها، كقراءة ابن محيصن: {لمن أراد أن يتم الرضاعة}

And it may make the verb indicative after it, as in the reading of Ibn Muhaysin: 'for whoever intends to complete the suckling'.

وتكون مخففة من الثقيلة: {علم أن سيكون}

And it is the lightened form of the heavy particle: 'He knew that there would be'.

وتكون مفسرة بمنزلة أي: {فأوحينا إليه أن اصنع الفلك}

And it is explanatory, equivalent to 'meaning': 'So We inspired him, [saying], "Construct the Ark"'.

وتكون زائدة للتوكيد

And it is an additional particle for emphasis.

وتكون شرطية كالمكسورة

And it is conditional like the kasra-ed one.

وتكون للنفي كالمكسورة

And it is for negation like the kasra-ed one.

وبمعنى إذ، قيل: ومنه {بل عجبوا أن جاءهم منذر منهم}

And meaning 'idh' (when), it is said: And from this is 'But they were amazed that a warner had come to them from among themselves'.

وبمعنى لئلا، قيل: ومنه: {يبين الله لكم أن تضلوا}

And meaning 'li'alla' (lest), it is said: And from this is: 'Allah makes clear to you, lest you stray'.

والصواب أنها هنا مصدرية، والأصل كراهة أن تضلوا

And the correct view is that it is مصدر-introducing here, and the original meaning is 'disliking that you stray'.