الْقَطْعُ الْمُسْتَأْصِلُ أَوِ الْمُسْتَطِيلُ، أَوْ الشَّقُّ طُولًا، كَالاقْتِدَادِ وَالتَّقْدِيدِ فِي الْكُلِّ.
The complete or lengthwise cut, or splitting lengthwise, like 'iqtidad' and 'taqdīd' in all of them.
وَقَدِ انْقَدَّ وَتَقَدَّدَ.
And it was cut and dried.
وَجِلْدُ السَّخْلَةِ، وَمِنْهُ: "مَا يَجْعَلُ قَدَّكَ إِلَى أَدِيمِكَ"، أَيْ: أَيُّ شَيْءٍ يُضِيفُ صَغِيرُكَ إِلَى كَبِيرِكَ، يُضْرَبُ لِلْمُتَعَدِّي طَوْرَهُ، وَلِمَنْ يَقِيسُ الْحَقِيرَ بِالْخَطِيرِ.
And the skin of a suckling lamb, and from it: 'What does your smallness add to your largeness?', meaning: what does your young add to your elder? It is used for one who exceeds his bounds, and for one who measures the insignificant by the significant.
وَالسَّوْطُ، وَمِنْهُ الْحَدِيثُ: "لَقَابُ قَوْسٍ أَحَدِكُمْ، وَمَوْضِعُ قَدِّهِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا".
And the whip, and from it the Hadith: 'The length of your bow, and the place of your whip in Paradise, is better than the world and what is in it.'
وَالْقَامَةُ، وَقَامَةُ الرَّجُلِ، وَتَقْطِيعُهُ، وَاعْتِدَالُهُ، ج: أَقْدَادٌ وَقَدَادٌ وَأَقْدَةٌ وَقُدُودٌ.
And the stature, and the stature of a man, and his proportion, and his balance, plural: aqdād, qadād, aqdah, and qudūd.
وَخُرُقُ الْفَلَاةِ، وَقَطْعُ الْكَلَامِ، وَبِالضَّمِّ: سَمَكٌ بَحْرِيٌّ، وَبِالْكَسْرِ: إِنَاءٌ مِنْ جِلْدٍ، وَالسَّوْطُ، وَالسَّيْرُ يُقَدُّ مِنْ جِلْدٍ غَيْرِ مَدْبُوغٍ.
And the openings of the desert, and cutting off speech, and with damma: a sea fish, and with kasra: a container made of leather, and the whip, and a strap cut from untanned leather.
وَالْقِدَّةُ: وَاحِدَتُهُ، وَالطَّرِيقَةُ، وَمَاءٌ لِكِلَابٍ، وَيُخَفَّفُ، وَالْفِرْقَةُ مِنَ النَّاسِ هَوَى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ عَلَى حِدَةٍ، وَمِنْهُ: {كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا}، أَيْ: فِرَقًا مُخْتَلِفَةً أَهْوَاؤُهَا.
And al-qiddah: its singular, and the way, and water for dogs, and it is lightened, and a group of people each with their own inclination, and from it: {We were in different ways}, meaning: groups with differing desires.
وَقَدْ تَقَدَّدُوا، وَالْمِقَدُّ، كَمِدَقٍّ: حَدِيدَةٌ يُقَدُّ بِهَا.
And they became divided, and al-miqadd, like midaqq: an iron tool with which one cuts.
وَكَمَرَدٍّ: الطَّرِيقُ، وَالْمَكَانُ الْمُسْتَوِي، وَةٌ بِالْأُرْدُنِّ يُنْسَبُ إِلَيْهَا الْخَمْرُ، وَغَلَطَ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ فِي تَخْفِيفِ دَالِهَا وَذِكْرِهَا فِي مِقْدٍّ.
And like maradd: the road, and the level place, and a place in Jordan to which wine is attributed, and Al-Jawhari erred in lightening its dal and mentioning it under miqd.
وَالشَّرَابُ الْمَقْدِيُّ، بِالتَّخْفِيفِ، غَيْرُ الْمَقْدِيِّ.
And the prepared drink, with lightening, is not the same as the unprepared.
وَكَغُرَابٍ: وَجَعٌ فِي الْبَطْنِ، وَقَدْ قَدَّ، بِالضَّمِّ، وَابْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ مِنْ بَجِيلَةَ.
And like ghurāb: a pain in the stomach, and Qadd, with damma, and Ibn Tha'laba bin Mu'awiyah from Bajila.
وَكَسَحَابٍ: الْقُنْفُذُ، وَالْيَرْبُوعُ.
And like saḥāb: the hedgehog, and the jerboa.
وَكَفُلْفُلٍ: جَبَلٌ بِهِ مَعْدِنُ الْبَرَامِ.
And like fulful: a mountain with the Buraam mine.
وَكَزُبَيْرٍ: مِسِيحٌ صَغِيرٌ، وَرَجُلٌ، وَوَادٍ، وَع، وَفَرَسٌ لِقَيْسٍ الْغَاضِرِيِّ.
And like zubayr: a small oasis, and a man, and a valley, and a place, and a horse of Qays al-Ghadiri.
وَقَدْقَدَاءُ، بِالضَّمِّ، وَيُفْتَحُ: ع.
And Qadqadā', with damma, and it is opened: a place.
وَالْقَدِيدُ: اللَّحْمُ الْمُشَرَّرُ الْمُقَدَّدُ، أَوْ مَا قُطِعَ مِنْهُ طُوَالًا، وَالثَّوْبُ الْخَلَقُ.
And al-qadīd: the shredded dried meat, or what was cut from it lengthwise, and the old garment.
وَالْقَدِيدِيُّونَ، وَلَا يُضَمُّ: تُبَّاعُ الْعَسْكَرِ مِنَ الصُّنَّاعِ، كَالشَّعَّابِ وَالْبَيِّطَارِ.
And al-qadīdīyūn, and it is not with damma: followers of the army from the craftsmen, like the tanners and the veterinarians.
وَمِقْدَادُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ: صَحَابِيٌّ، وَالْأَسْوَدُ رَبَّاهُ أَوْ تَبَنَّاهُ، فَنُسِبَ إِلَيْهِ، وَيُلْحَنُ فِيهِ قُرَّاءُ الْحَدِيثِ ظَنًّا أَنَّهُ جَدُّهُ.
And Miqdad ibn 'Amr ibn al-Aswad: a companion, and al-Aswad raised him or adopted him, so he was attributed to him, and the reciters of Hadith mispronounce it thinking he is his grandfather.
وَالْقَيْدُودُ: النَّاقَةُ الطَّوِيلَةُ الظَّهْرِ، ج: قَيَادِيدُ.
And al-qaydūd: the long-backed she-camel, plural: qayādīd.
وَتَقَدَّدَ: يَبِسَ، وَالْقَوْمُ: تَفَرَّقُوا، وَالثَّوْبُ: تَقَطَّعَ، وَالنَّاقَةُ: هُزِلَتْ بَعْضَ الْهُزَالِ، أَوْ كَانَتْ مَهْزُولَةً فَابْتَدَأَتْ فِي السِّمَنِ.
And taqaddada: it dried up, and the people: they dispersed, and the garment: it was torn, and the she-camel: she became somewhat emaciated, or she was emaciated and began to gain weight.
وَاقْتَدَّ الْأُمُورَ: دَبَّرَهَا وَمَيَّزَهَا.
And iqtadda al-umūr: he managed them and distinguished them.
وَاسْتَقَدَّ: اسْتَمَرَّ، وَاسْتَوَى، وَالْإِبِلُ: اسْتَقَامَتْ عَلَى وَجْهٍ وَاحِدٍ.
And istaqadda: it continued, and it became straight, and the camels: they went in one direction.
وَقَدْ، مُخَفَّفَةٌ: حَرْفِيَّةٌ وَاسْمِيَّةٌ، وَهِيَ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ: اسْمُ فِعْلٍ مُرَادِفَةٌ لِيَكْفِي.
And qad, lightened: it is a particle and a noun, and it has two forms: a verb-noun synonymous with 'yakfī' (to suffice).
قَدْكَ دِرْهَمٌ، وَقَدْ زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ، أَيْ: يَكْفِي.
Qadk dirham, and qad Zaydan dirham, meaning: it suffices.
وَاسْمٌ مُرَادِفٌ لِحَسْبٍ، وَتُسْتَعْمَلُ مَبْنِيَّةً غَالِبًا، قَدْ زَيْدٌ دِرْهَمٌ، بِالسُّكُونِ، وَمُعْرَبَةً، قَدْ زَيْدٌ، بِالرَّفْعِ.
And a noun synonymous with 'hasb' (enough), and it is often used as indeclinable, qad Zayd dirham, with sukun, and declinable, qad Zayd, with raf' (nominative).
وَالْحَرْفِيَّةُ مُخْتَصَّةٌ بِالْفِعْلِ الْمُتَصَرِّفِ الْخَبَرِيِّ الْمُثْبَتِ، الْمُجَرَّدِ مِنْ جَازِمٍ وَنَاصِبٍ وَحَرْفِ تَنْفِيسٍ، وَلَهَا سِتَّةُ مَعَانٍ: التَّوَقُّعُ: قَدْ يُقْدِمُ الْغَائِبُ، وَتَقْرِيبُ الْمَاضِي مِنَ الْحَالِ: قَدْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ، وَالتَّحْقِيقُ: {قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا}، وَالنَّفْيُ: قَدْ كُنْتُ فِي خَيْرٍ فَتَعْرِفُهُ، بِنَصْبِ تَعْرِفُ، وَالتَّقْلِيلُ: قَدْ يُصَدِّقُ الْكَذُوبُ، وَالتَّكْثِيرُ: قَدْ أَتْرُكُ الْقَرْنَ مُصْفَرًّا أَنَامِلُهُ.
And the particle is specific to a conjugated, declarative, affirmative verb, free from jussive, accusative, and particle of future tense, and it has six meanings: Expectation: 'qad yuqdim al-ghā'ib' (the absent may arrive), bringing the past close to the present: 'qad qāma Zayd' (Zayd has stood up), Confirmation: {qad aflaḥa man zakkāhā} (He has succeeded who purifies it), Negation: 'qad kuntu fī khayrin fa-ta'rifuhu' (I was in good, so you know it), Minimization: 'qad yuṣaddiqu al-kadūb' (A liar may tell the truth), and Maximization: 'qad atruku al-qarna muṣfarran anāmiluhu' (I may leave the adversary with yellowed fingertips).
وَقَوْلُ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ: وَإِنْ جَعَلْتَهُ اسْمًا شَدَدْتَهُ، غَلَطٌ، وَإِنَّمَا يُشَدَّدُ مَا كَانَ آخِرُهُ حَرْفُ عِلَّةٍ، تَقُولُ فِي هُوَ: هُوَ، وَإِنَّمَا شُدِّدَ لِئَلَّا يَبْقَى الِاسْمُ عَلَى حَرْفٍ وَاحِدٍ، لِسُكُونِ حَرْفِ الْعِلَّةِ مَعَ التَّنْوِينِ.
And Al-Jawhari's statement: 'And if you make it a noun, you double it,' is an error, and only that whose end is a weak letter is doubled. You say for 'huwa': 'huwa', and it is only doubled so that the noun does not remain a single letter, due to the stillness of the weak letter with the tanwin.
وَأَمَّا قَدْ، إِذَا سُمِّيَتْ بِهَا تَقُولُ: قَدْ، وَمِنْ، وَعَنْ عَنْ، بِالتَّخْفِيفِ لَا غَيْرُ، وَنَظِيرُهُ يَدٌ وَدَمٌ وَشِبْهُهُ.
As for qad, when it is used as a proper noun, you say: qad, min, and 'an 'an, with lightening only, and its parallel is yad (hand), dam (blood), and the like.