كسا

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of clothing, covering, and adorning. It extends to meanings of being covered by something, such as plants on the ground or blood on an animal, and metaphorically to being covered by blessings or shame. It also encompasses related ideas like giving clothes and the act of wearing them.

Derived headwords

كَسَا، يَكْسُو، كُسْوَةًverb

1.
to clothe, to dressboth
To cause someone to wear clothes, to put garments on someone.
2.
to cover, to overlayboth
To cover something with a layer of material, like blood covering an animal or plants covering the earth.

اكْتَسَى، يَكْتَسِي، اكْتِسَاءًverb

1.
to be clothed, to wearboth
To put on clothes, to be dressed in garments.
2.
to become coveredboth
To be covered by something, such as the earth becoming covered with plants.

كَسِيَ، يُكْسَى، كِسْيَةًverb

1.
to be clothed, to be dressedboth
To be caused to wear clothes; to be dressed.

كَسْوَةnoun

1.
clothing, garmentboth
A piece of clothing or garments in general; the act of dressing.
2.
covering, layerclassical
A layer of something that covers a surface, like blood or vegetation.

الكِسَاءnoun

1.
garment, robeboth
A piece of clothing, often a robe or covering.
2.
blanket, coveringboth
A covering for warmth or protection, like a blanket.

كَاسٍadjective

1.
clothed, wearing clothesboth
Possessing clothing; dressed.
2.
giver of clothesclassical
One who gives clothes to others.

أَكْسَىadjective

1.
more clothedboth
Having more clothing than someone else.
2.
more generous with clothesboth
More liberal in giving clothes to others.

تَكَسَّىverb

1.
to wear, to put onclassical
To wear something, to put it on oneself.

كَسَّاهُverb

1.
to give him clothesclassical
To provide someone with clothing.

كَسَاهُ إِيَّاهَاverb

1.
to clothe him with itclassical
To dress someone with a specific garment.

كَسَاءَانnoun

1.
two garmentsclassical
A dual form referring to two pieces of clothing.

كَسَاوَانnoun

1.
two garmentsclassical
A dual form referring to two pieces of clothing.

كَسَائِيadjective

1.
related to garmentsclassical
Pertaining to clothing or garments.

كَسَاوِيadjective

1.
related to garmentsclassical
Pertaining to clothing or garments.

كَسْءnoun

1.
side, regionclassical
A side or region, often used in the plural.

أَكْسَاءnoun

1.
sides, regionsclassical
Plural of كسء, referring to sides or regions.

كَسِيّnoun

1.
hindquarters, rearclassical
The back part of an animal's hindquarters, or the rear of anything.

أَكْسِيَاءnoun

1.
hindquarters, rearsclassical
Plural of كسيّ, referring to the hindquarters or rears of things.

كَسَاهُverb

1.
to fall on his backclassical
To fall backward onto one's posterior.

كَسَأَهُverb

1.
to fall on his backclassical
To fall backward onto one's posterior.

كَاسَاهُverb

1.
to boast with himclassical
To engage in boasting or vying with someone.

سَاكَاهُverb

1.
to press him for paymentclassical
To press someone hard in demanding payment or fulfilling an obligation.

سَاكَverb

1.
to become small in bodyclassical
To have one's body become small or diminished.

الكِسَاءname

1.
glory, honorclassical
Glory, honor, and high status.

Parallel reading

ولها معان مختلفة.

And it has different meanings.

يقال: كسوت فلانا أكسوه كسوة إذا ألبسته ثوبا أو ثيابا فاكتسى.

It is said: 'I clothed someone, I clothe him, with clothing' if you dressed him in a garment or garments, and he became clothed.

واكتسى فلان إذا لبس الكسوة

And so-and-so became clothed if he wore the clothing.

قد كسا فيهن صبغا مردعا

It has covered them with a thick dye.

يعني كساهن دما طريا

Meaning: it covered them with fresh blood.

يكسوه رهباها إذا ترهبا، ... على اضطرام اللوح، بولا زغربا

Its females urinate on it when they become agitated, ... upon the burning wood, with urine.

يكسوه رهباها أي يبلن عليه.

Its females urinate on it, meaning they urinate on it.

ويقال: اكتست الأرض بالنبات إذا تغطت به.

And it is said: 'The earth became covered with plants' if it was covered by them.

وكسي فلان يكسى إذا اكتسى، وقيل: كسي إذا لبس الكسوة

And so-and-so was clothed, he is clothed, if he became clothed; and it was said: he was clothed if he wore the clothing.

يكسى ولا يغرث مملوكها، ... إذا تهرت عبدها الهاريه

It is clothed and its slave is not hungry, ... when its slave is exhausted.

أما كسي زيد ثوبا وكسوته ثوبا فإنه وإن لم ينقل بالهمزة فإنه نقل بالمثال

As for 'Zayd was given a garment' and 'I clothed him with a garment', even though it was not transferred with hamza, it was transferred by analogy.

فلما كانت فعل وأفعل على ما ذكرناه من الاعتقاب والتعاوض ونقل بأفعل، نقل أيضا فعل يفعل نحو كسي وكسوته

And when the verb form 'fa'ala' and 'af'ala' were, as we mentioned, interchangeable and compensatory, and it was transferred with 'af'ala', then the verb form 'fa'ala' was also transferred, like 'kasīya' (to be clothed) and 'kasawtuhu' (I clothed him).

ورجل كاس: ذو كسوة، حمله سيبويه على النسب وجعله كطاعم، وهو خلاف لما أنشدناه من قوله:

And a 'kās' man: one with clothing; Sibawayh attributed it to derivation by analogy and made it like 'ṭā'im' (eating), and this is contrary to what we recited from his saying:

ويقال: فلان أكسى من بصلة إذا لبس الثياب الكثيرة

And it is said: 'So-and-so is more clothed than a bulb' if he wears many clothes.

ويقال: فلان أكسى من فلان أي أكثر إعطاء للكسوة، من كسوته أكسوه.

And it is said: 'So-and-so is more generous with clothes than so-and-so', meaning more giving of clothing, from 'I clothed him, I clothe him'.

وفلان أكسى من فلان أي أكثر اكتساء منه؛

And so-and-so is more clothed than so-and-so, meaning more clothed than him.

دع المكارم لا ترحل لبغيتها، ... واقعد فإنك أنت الطاعم الكاسي

Leave noble deeds, do not travel for their pursuit, ... and sit, for you are the one who eats and is clothed.

أي المكتسي.

Meaning: the clothed one.

يعني المكسو، كقولك ماء دافق وعيشة راضية، لأنه يقال كسي العريان ولا يقال كسا.

Meaning: the clothed one, like your saying 'flowing water' and 'satisfying life', because it is said 'the naked one was clothed' and not 'he clothed'.

ونساء كاسيات عاريات

And women who are clothed yet naked.

أي أنهن كاسيات من نعم الله عاريات من الشكر

Meaning they are clothed by God's blessings, naked of gratitude.

وقيل: هو أن يكشفن بعض جسدهن ويسدلن الخمر من ورائهن فهن كاسيات كعاريات،

And it was said: it is that they expose some of their bodies and let their veils hang behind them, so they are clothed like naked ones.

وقيل: أراد أنهن يلبسن ثيابا رقاقا يصفن ما تحتها من أجسامهن فهن كاسيات في الظاهر عاريات في المعنى.

And it was said: he meant that they wear thin clothes that reveal what is beneath from their bodies, so they are outwardly clothed and inwardly naked.

يقال كسي يكسى ضد عري يعرى؛

It is said: 'kasīya' (to be clothed) is the opposite of 'ʿariyā' (to be naked).

مخافة أن يرين البؤس بعدي، ... وأن يشربن رنقا بعد صاف

Fearing that they might see hardship after me, ... and drink turbid water after clear.

وأن يعرين، إن كسي الجواري، ... فتنبو العين عن كرم عجاف

And that they might be naked, if the slave girls are clothed, ... then the eye turns away from lean generosity.

واكتسى النصي بالورق: لبسه؛ عن أبي حنيفة.

And 'the thorny plant became covered with leaves': it wore them; from Abu Hanifa.

واكتست الأرض: تم نباتها والتف حتى كأنها لبسته.

And 'the earth became covered': its plants grew and intertwined until it seemed as if it wore them.

والكساء: معروف، واحد الأكسية اسم موضوع، يقال: كساء وكساءان وكساوان، النسبة إليها كسائي وكساوي، وأصله كساو لأنه من كسوت إلا أن الواو لما جاءت بعد الألف همزت.

And 'al-kisā' is known; the singular of 'al-aksiya' is a designated noun. It is said: 'kisā'', 'kisā'ān', and 'kasāwān'. The derivation to it is 'kisā'ī' and 'kasāwī', and its origin is 'kasāw' because it is from 'kiswat', except that when the waw came after the alif, it was hamzated.

وتكسيت بالكساء: لبسته؛

And 'I wore the garment': I put it on.

فبات له دون الصبا، وهي قرة، ... لحاف، ومصقول الكساء رقيق

So he spent the night with him, without the morning chill, and it was a comfort, ... a blanket, and a polished garment, thin.

أراد اللبن تعلوه الدواية؛

He meant the milk covered by the ink.

صواب إنشاده وبات له، يعني للضيف؛

The correct recitation is 'and he spent the night for him', meaning for the guest.

فبات لنا منها، وللضيف موهنا، ... شواء سمين زاهق وغبوق

So we spent the night with some of it, and for the guest, a portion, ... roasted fat meat, and an evening drink.

ابن الأعرابي: كاساه إذا فاخره، وساكاه إذا ضيق عليه في المطالبة، وسكا إذا صغر جسمه.

Ibn al-A'rābī said: 'kāsāhu' if he boasted with him, and 'sākāhu' if he pressed him in demanding, and 'sākā' if his body became small.

أبو بكر الكساء، بفتح الكاف ممدود، المجد والشرف والرفعة؛ حكاه أبو موسى هارون بن الحرث، قال الأزهري: وهو غريب.

Abu Bakr al-Kisā', with a fatha on the kaf and elongated, means glory, honor, and high status; Abu Musa Harun ibn al-Harith narrated it, and Al-Azhari said: it is unusual.

والأكساء: النواحي؛ واحدها كسء، وهو مذكور في الهمزة أيضا، وهو يائي.

And 'al-aksā' means the regions; its singular is 'kas'ʾ', and it is also mentioned under the hamza, and it is yā'ī.

والكسي: مؤخر العجز، وقيل: مؤخر كل شيء، والجمع أكساء؛

And 'al-kisī': the hindquarters of the rump, and it was said: the rear of everything, and its plural is 'al-aksā';

كأن على أكسائها، من لغامها، ... وخيفة خطمي بماء مبحزج

As if on its hindquarters, from its foam, ... and the fear of the cotton plant with muddy water.

وحكى ثعلب: ركب كساه «1» إذا سقط على قفاه، وهو يائي لأن ياءه لام، قال ابن سيده: ولو حمل على الواو لكان وجها فإن الواو في كسا أكثر من الياء، والذي حكاه ابن الأعرابي ركب كسأه مهموز، وقد تقدم ذكره في موضعه.

And Tha'lab narrated: 'rakaba kasāhu' if he fell on his back, and it is yā'ī because its yā' is a lām. Ibn Sīdah said: And if it were attributed to waw, it would be a valid interpretation, for waw in 'kasā' is more common than yā'. And what Ibn al-A'rābī narrated is 'rakaba kas'a-hu' with a hamza, and it has been mentioned in its place.