فني

Root entry · 21 derived lemmas

The root فني (f-n-y) primarily relates to the concept of perishing, ceasing to exist, or coming to an end. This encompasses physical death, the depletion of resources, and the aging process leading to death. It also extends to spatial concepts like the open area in front of a house and abstract notions of mixing or being of mixed origin.

Derived headwords

الفَنَاءnoun

1.
perishing, annihilationclassical
The opposite of remaining or enduring; the state of ceasing to exist.
2.
open spaceboth
A wide area in front of a house or dwelling.

فَنِيَverb

1.
to perish, to ceaseclassical
To come to an end, to perish, to cease to exist.
2.
to grow old, to ageclassical
To become very old and approach death.

فَانٍadjective

1.
perishing, transientclassical
That which perishes or ceases to exist; transient.
2.
old (person/animal)classical
An old person or animal, especially one nearing the end of its life.

أَفْنَىverb

1.
to cause to perishclassical
To cause something or someone to perish, to annihilate, to destroy.
2.
to exhaustclassical
To exhaust something, such as resources or supplies.

تَفَانَىverb

1.
to annihilate each otherclassical
To destroy one another, often used in the context of warfare.
2.
to strive intenselyclassical
To exert oneself to the utmost, to perish in an effort.

الفَانِيَةnoun

1.
old female animalclassical
An old female animal, particularly a camel, that is past its prime.

الأَفْنِيَةnoun

1.
courtyards, open spacesboth
Plural of فناء, referring to open spaces, courtyards, or areas in front of houses.
2.
squares, plazasclassical
Large open areas or squares, often in front of buildings or in a city.

أَفْنَاءnoun

1.
mixed groupsclassical
Mixed or diverse groups of people, not of a single origin.
2.
various kindsclassical
Different kinds or types, often referring to people from various tribes or origins.

فَنَوٌّnoun

1.
mixed originclassical
A person of mixed or unknown tribal origin.

المُفَانَاةnoun

1.
conciliation, appeasementclassical
The act of appeasing, pacifying, or dealing with someone gently.

فَانَىverb

1.
to appease, to sootheclassical
To appease, to soothe, or to deal with someone gently.
2.
to manage, to maintainclassical
To manage, to maintain, or to take care of something.

الفَنَاnoun

1.
wolf's-grapeclassical
A plant, specifically wolf's-grape (Arum dioscoridis) or a similar berry-bearing plant.

فَنَاةnoun

1.
wolf's-grape (singular)classical
The singular form of الفنا, referring to the plant wolf's-grape.
2.
cowclassical
A female cow.

الأَفَانِيnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A type of plant that is green and fresh, which becomes الحماط when dry; also identified as wolf's-grape.

أَفْنِيَةnoun

1.
open spacesboth
Plural of فناء, referring to open spaces in front of houses.

فَنَّاءadjective

1.
wide-branchedclassical
Describing a tree with wide-spreading branches.
2.
thick-hairedclassical
Describing a woman with abundant, thick hair.

شَعْرٌ أَفْنَىadjective

1.
abundant hairclassical
Hair that is abundant and widespread.

فَيْنَانadjective

1.
abundant, widespreadclassical
Abundant and widespread, often used to describe hair or branches.

الفَنَوَىnoun

1.
wide treeclassical
A tree that is wide and has spreading branches.

الفَنَوَةnoun

1.
Arab womanclassical
A woman of pure Arab lineage.

مُفَنَّاةadjective

1.
suitable (for pasture)classical
Describing land that is suitable or agreeable for pasture.

Parallel reading

الفناء: نقيض البقاء

Annihilation: the opposite of survival.

والفعل فنى يفنى نادر

And the verb faniya yafna is rare.

فلما فنى ما في الكنائن، ضاربوا ... إلى القرع من جلد الهجان المجوب

So when what was in the quivers perished, they struck... with the striking of the hide of the tall camel.

وفنى بمعنى فني في لغات طيء، وأفناه هو

And faniya means faniya in the dialects of Tayyi', and he caused it to perish.

وتفانى القوم قتلا: أفنى بعضهم بعضا

And the people annihilated each other in killing: some of them destroyed others.

وفني يفنى فناء: هرم وأشرف على الموت هرما

And faniya yafna fanaa': to grow old and approach death due to old age.

حجة هاهنا ثم احدج هاهنا حتى تفنى يعني الغزو

A pilgrimage here, then a raid here until the raiding ceases, meaning the warfare.

ويفنى إذا ما أخطأته الحبائل

And he grows old if the snares miss him.

ويقال للشيخ الكبير: فان

And the old man is called: fān (perishing/old).

لو كنت من أهل البادية بعت الفانية واشتريت النامية

If I were from the desert dwellers, I would sell the old (female camel) and buy the young one.

والفناء: سعة أمام الدار، يعني بالسعة الاسم لا المصدر

And al-finā': an open space in front of the house, meaning by 'space' the noun, not the verbal noun.

والجمع أفنية

And the plural is afniyah.

لأن الفناء من فني يفنى، وذلك أن الدار هنا تفنى لأنك إذا تناهيت إلى أقصى حدودها فنيت

Because al-finā' is from faniya yafna, and that is because the house here perishes, because when you reach its furthest limits, you perish.

وأما ثناؤها فمن ثنى يثني لأنها هناك أيضا تنثني عن الانبساط لمجيء آخرها واستقصاء حدودها

But its width (thanā'uhā) is from thanā yuthnī because it also bends there, ceasing to expand upon reaching its end and the completion of its boundaries.

وهمزتها بدل من ياء لأن إبدال الهمز من الياء إذا كانت لاما أكثر من إبدالها من الواو

And its hamza is a substitute for a ya' because the substitution of hamza for ya' when it is a lam is more common than its substitution for waw.

لأن الفنواء من الفناء، إنما قالوا إنها ذات الأفنان أو الطويلة الأفنان

Because al-fannwā' is from al-finā', they only said it is possessing branches or having long branches.

والأفنية: الساحات على أبواب الدور

And al-afniyah: the courtyards at the doors of houses.

لا يجتبى بفناء بيتك مثلهم

No one like them is gathered in the open space of your house.

وفناء الدار: ما امتد من جوانبها

And the finā' of the house: what extends from its sides.

بها أعناء من الناس وأفناء أي أخلاط، الواحد عنو وفنو

There are mixed people and afnā' among them, meaning mixtures, the singular is 'anw and fanw.

ورجل من أفناء القبائل أي لا يدرى من أي قبيلة هو

And a man from the afnā' of the tribes, meaning it is not known from which tribe he is.

وتفسيره قوم نزاع من هاهنا وهاهنا

And its interpretation is people who are scattered from here and there.

يقال هو من أفناء الناس إذا لم يعلم من هو

It is said he is from the afnā' of people if his origin is unknown.

واحد أفناء الناس فنا ولامه واو، لقولهم شجرة فنواء إذا اتسعت وانتشرت أغصانها

The singular of afnā' al-nās is fanw, and its lām is waw, because they say shajarah fannwā' if its branches are wide and spread out.

وكذلك أفناء الناس انتشارهم وتشعبهم

And likewise, afnā' al-nās means their spreading and branching out.

رجل من أفناء الناس أي لم يعلم ممن هو، الواحد فنو

A man from the afnā' of people, meaning his origin is unknown, the singular is fanw.

والمفاناة: المداراة

And al-mufānāh: conciliation.

وأفنى الرجل إذا صحب أفناء الناس

And a man becomes afnā' if he associates with the mixed people.

وفانيت الرجل: داريته وسكنته

And fānaytu al-rajul: I appeased him and soothed him.

تقيمه تارة وتقعده، ... كما يفاني الشموس قائدها

It makes him stand at times and sit him down, ... as its leader appeases the suns.

بنو فلان ما يعانون مالهم ولا يفانونه أي ما يقومون عليه ولا يصلحونه

The people of so-and-so do not manage their property nor do they maintain it, meaning they do not take care of it nor fix it.

والفنا، مقصور، الواحدة فناة: عنب الثعلب

And al-fanā, shortened, the singular is fanāh: wolf's-grape.

كأن فتات العهن، في كل منزل ... نزلن، به حب الفنا لم يحطم

As if the scattered wool, in every place... they descended, with it the seeds of the fanā' were not crushed.

ليت الله قد أفناها «2»

Would that God had made it perish.

أنه جعل عصاه صلبة لأنه يحتاج إلى تقويمها ودعا عليها فقال ليت الله قد أهلكها ودماها أي سيل دمها بالضرب لخلافها عليه

That he made his staff strong because he needed to straighten it and prayed against it, saying, 'Would that God had destroyed it and made it bleed, meaning its blood flowed from striking it because it disobeyed him.'

والوجه الثاني في قوله صلب العصا أي لا تحوجه إلى ضربها فعصاه باقية، وقوله: بالضرب قد دماها أي كساها السمن كأنه دممها بالشحم لأنه يرعيها كل ضرب من النبات

And the second meaning in his saying 'solid staff' is that it does not require him to strike it, so his staff remains. And his saying: 'by striking it has become fatty' means it was covered with fat as if it were smeared with fat because he grazes it on every kind of plant.

وأما قوله ليت الله قد أفناها أي أنبت لها الفنا، وهو عنب الذئب، حتى تغزر وتسمن

And as for his saying 'Would that God had made it perish,' it means God caused the fanā' to grow for it, which is wolf's-grape, so that it becomes abundant and fat.

والأفاني: نبت ما دام رطبا، فإذا يبس فهو الحماط، واحدتها أفانية مثال ثمانية، ويقال أيضا: هو عنب الثعلب

And al-afānī: a plant as long as it is moist; when it dries, it is al-ḥimāṭ, its singular is afāniyah like thamāniyah, and it is also said: it is wolf's-grape.

فينبتون كما ينبت الفنا

Then they will grow as the fanā' grows.

شرى أستاههن من الأفاني

Their hindquarters are sought from the afānī.

فتيلان لا يبكي المخاض عليهما، ... إذا شبعا من قرمل وأفاني

Two small ones, the she-camel does not weep for them, ... when they are full from qarmal and afānī.

يقلصن عن زغب صغار كأنها، ... إذا درجت تحت الظلال، أفاني

They shrink from small downy chicks, as if they were, ... when they crawled under the shade, afānī.

كأن الأفاني شيب لها، ... إذا التف تحت عناصي الوبر

As if the afānī were grayed for them, ... when the fur gathered under the roots.

والأفاني شجر بيض، واحدته أفانية

And al-afānī are white trees, their singular is afāniyah.

وإذا كان أفانية مثل ثمانية على ما ذكر الجوهري فصوابه أن يذكر في فصل أفن، لأن الياء زائدة والهمزة أصل

And if it is afāniyah like thamāniyah as mentioned by Al-Jawhari, then it should be mentioned in the chapter of 'afn', because the ya' is extra and the hamza is original.

والفناة: البقرة، والجمع فنوات

And al-fanāh: the cow, and the plural is fanawāt.

وفناة تبغي، بحربة، طفلا ... من ذبيح قفى عليه الخبال

And a cow seeking, with a spear, a calf... from a sacrificed one upon whom ruin befell.

وشعر أفنى: في معنى فينان، قال: وليس من لفظه

And sha'r afnā: in the meaning of fainān, he said: and it is not from its word.

وامرأة فنواء: أثيثة الشعر منه

And a woman fannā': with abundant hair from it.

وامرأة فنواء أي لشعرها فنون كأفنان الشعر، وكذلك شجرة فنواء إنما هي ذات الأفنان، بالواو

And a woman fannā' means her hair has branches like the branches of hair, and likewise a tree fannā' is only one with branches, with waw.

وروي عن ابن الأعرابي: امرأة فنواء وفنياء

And it was narrated from Ibn Al-A'rabi: a woman fannā' and finyā'.

وشعر أفنى وفينان أي كثير

And sha'r afnā and fainān means abundant.

والفنوة المرأة العربية

And al-fanwah is the Arab woman.

بما هي مقناة، أنيق نباتها، ... مرب، فتهواها المخاض النوازع

With what it is suitable for, its vegetation is pleasant... it is pastured, and the eager she-camels desire it.

مقاتلة أي موافقة لكل من نزلها من قوله مقاناة البياض بصفرة أي يوافق بياضها صفرتها

Muqātalah, meaning suitable for everyone who settles in it, from his saying 'muqānāh of whiteness with yellowness,' meaning its whiteness matches its yellowness.

ولغة هذيل مفناة بالفاء

And the dialect of Hudhayl is mufnāh with fa'.