صما

Root entry · 15 derived lemmas

The root صما (ṣamā) primarily relates to concepts of speed, swiftness, and directness, often in the context of action, attack, or death. It also extends to meanings of boldness, determination, and facing something head-on, sometimes with a negative connotation of recklessness.

Derived headwords

الصِّمْيَانnoun

1.
swift, determined personboth
A man who is strong, experienced, and swift. It also refers to a brave person who attacks decisively.
2.
boldness in sinclassical
One who is audacious and daring in committing sins.
3.
swiftness and agilityclassical
The inherent quality of speed and quickness.
4.
restlessness, eagernessclassical
A state of looking around and leaping, indicating eagerness or impetuosity.

صَمِيًّاnoun

1.
swiftness, speedclassical
The act or quality of being swift or quick.

صَمَّىverb

1.
to kill swiftlyclassical
To kill prey instantly, especially when it is seen.
2.
to befallclassical
To afflict or happen to someone.

أَصْمَىverb

1.
to kill instantlyclassical
To shoot prey and kill it immediately while observing it.
2.
to pierce, to penetrateclassical
To make an arrow or projectile pierce through its target.
3.
to bite downclassical
A horse biting down hard on its bridle and proceeding.

أَصْمَيْتَverb

1.
what you killed instantlyclassical
Referring to prey that was shot and killed immediately while being seen.

انْصَمَىverb

1.
to rush uponclassical
To descend or fall upon something with speed and force.
2.
to rush towardsclassical
To approach or move towards something rapidly.

صِمْيَانnoun

1.
swiftness, agilityclassical
The quality of being quick and agile.

صَمَّىverb

1.
to dieclassical
To die, especially when observed.

الإِصْمَاءnoun

1.
instant killingclassical
The act of killing prey immediately upon striking it, signifying a swift end.

صَامَىverb

1.
to tasteclassical
To experience or taste death.

أَصْمَاهَاverb

1.
he made it tasteclassical
He caused it to experience or taste death.

الانْصِمَاءnoun

1.
rushing towardsclassical
The act of approaching or swooping down upon something.

صميانadjective

1.
bold, daringboth
Describing a person who is bold and courageous, especially in action.

صمياءnoun

1.
determinationclassical
A state of being resolute or fixed on a course of action, to the point of not backing down.

صمىnoun

1.
deathclassical
The state of being dead.

Parallel reading

الصِّمْيَانُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ: الشَّدِيدُ الْمُحْتَنِكُ السَّنّ.

The ṣimyan of men: the strong, experienced in age.

والصِّمْيَانُ: الشُّجَاعُ الصَّادِقُ الْحَمْلَةَ، والجَمْعُ صِمْيَانٌ؛ عَنْ كُرَاعٍ.

And the ṣimyan: the brave, decisive in attack, and the plural is ṣimyan; according to Kurāʿ.

أَصْلُ الصِّمْيَانِ فِي اللُّغَةِ السُّرْعَةُ والخِفَّةُ.

The origin of ṣimyan in the language is speed and agility.

الصِّمْيَانُ الجَرِيءُ عَلَى الْمَعَاصِي.

The ṣimyan is the one who is audacious in committing sins.

يُقَالُ لَا صَمْيَاءَ لَهُ وَلَا عَمْيَاءَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَتْرُوكَتَانِ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا أَكَبَّ عَلَى أَمْرٍ فَلَمْ يُقْلِعْ عَنْهُ.

It is said, 'He has no ṣamā' nor 'amā' from that,' meaning two things abandoned like that if he is intent on a matter and does not cease from it.

وَرُجُلٌ صِمْيَانٌ: جَرِيءٌ شُجَاعٌ.

And a man is ṣimyan: audacious and brave.

والصِّمْيَانُ، بِالتَّحْرِيكِ: التَّلَفُّتُ والوَثْبُ.

And the ṣimyan, with harakah: looking around and leaping.

وَرُجُلٌ صِمْيَانٌ إِذَا كَانَ ذَا وَثْبٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ.

And a man is ṣimyan if he is prone to leaping upon people.

وَأَصْمَى الفَرَسُ عَلَى لِجَامِهِ إِذَا عَضَّ عَلَيْهِ وَمَضَى؛

And the horse bit down hard on its bridle if it clenched it and proceeded;

وَأَنْشَدَ: أَصْمَى عَلَى فَأْسِ اللِّجَامِ، وَقَرِّبُهُ ... بِالْمَاءِ يَقْطُرُ تَارَةً وَيَسِيلُ

And he recited: It bit down hard on the bit of the bridle, and you brought it near... with water, dripping at times and flowing.

وَانْصَمَى عَلَيْهِ أَيِ انْصَبَّ؛

And he rushed upon it, meaning he poured down upon it;

قَالَ جَرِيرٌ: إِنِّي انْصَمَيْتُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ عَلَيْكُمْ ... حَتَّى اخْتَطَفْتُكَ، يَا فَرَزْدَقُ، مِنْ عَلُ

Jarir said: Indeed, I rushed down from the sky upon you... until I snatched you, O Farazdaq, from above

وَأَصْمَيْتَ الصَّيْدَ إِذَا رَمَيْتَهُ فَقَتَلْتَهُ وَأَنْتَ تَرَاهُ.

And you killed the prey instantly (aṣmayta) if you shot it and killed it while you were seeing it.

وَأَصْمَى الرَّمِيَّةَ: أَنْفَذَهَا.

And he made the shot pierce through (aṣmā) the target: he made it penetrate.

كُلُّ مَا أَصْمَيْتَ وَدَعْ مَا أَنْمَيْتَ

Eat whatever you killed instantly (aṣmayta) and leave what you caused to die slowly (anmayta).

أَي مَا أَصَابَهُ السَّهْمُ وَأَنْتَ تَرَاهُ فَأَسْرَعَ فِي الْمَوْتِ فَرَأَيْتَهُ، وَلَا مُحَالَةَ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ بِرَمْيِكَ، وَأَصْلُهُ مِنَ الصِّمْيَانِ وَهُوَ السُّرْعَةُ وَالخِفَّةُ.

Meaning, what the arrow struck while you were seeing it, and it died quickly, and you saw it, and it is certain that it died by your shot, and its origin is from ṣimyan, which is speed and agility.

وَصَمَّى الصَّيْدُ يَصْمِي إِذَا مَاتَ وَأَنْتَ تَرَاهُ.

And the prey died (ṣamā) if it died while you were seeing it.

وَالإِصْمَاءُ: أَنْ تَقْتُلَ الصَّيْدَ مَكَانَهُ، وَمَعْنَاهُ سُرْعَةُ إِزْهَاقِ الرُّوحِ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ لِلْمُسْرِعِ صِمْيَانٌ، وَالإِنْمَاءُ أَنْ تُصِيبَ إِصَابَةً غَيْرَ قَاتِلَةٍ فِي الْحَالِ.

And al-iṣmā': is to kill the prey on the spot, and its meaning is the swiftness of taking the soul, from their saying the swift one is ṣimyan, and al-inmā' is to strike a non-fatal blow immediately.

وَانْصَمَى عَلَيْهِ: انْقَضَّ وَأَقْبَلَ نَحْوَهُ.

And he rushed upon it (inṣamā): he swooped down and approached towards it.

يُقَالُ صَمَّاهُ الأَمْرُ أَي حَلَّ بِهِ يَصْمِيهِ صَمْيًا؛

It is said, the matter afflicted him (ṣammāhu) meaning it befell him, it afflicts him ṣamyan;

وَقَالَ عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حِطَّانَ: وَقَاضِي الْمَوْتِ يَعْلَمُ مَا عَلَيْهِ، ... إِذَا مَا مِتُّ مِنْهُ مَا صَمَّانِي

And ʿImrān ibn Ḥiṭṭān said: And the judge of death knows what is upon him, ... when I die from it, what befell me (ṣammānī)

أَي مَا حَلَّ بِي.

Meaning, what befell me.

وَرُجُلٌ صِمْيَانٌ: يَنْصَمِي عَلَى النَّاسِ بِالأَذَى.

And a man is ṣimyan: he rushes upon people with harm.

وَصَامَى مِنْيَتَهُ وَأَصْمَاهَا: ذَاقَهَا.

And he tasted his death (ṣāmā) and experienced it (aṣmāhā): he tasted it.

وَالانْصِمَاءُ: الإِقْبَالُ نَحْوَ الشَّيْءِ كَمَا يَنْصَمِي البَازِي إِذَا انْقَضَّ.

And al-inṣimā': is the approach towards a thing, like the falcon swoops when it dives.