شكا

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

The root ش-ك-ا primarily relates to complaining, expressing distress, or reporting something negative. It extends to concepts of illness, expressing grievances, and even to the act of causing someone to complain. It also encompasses related meanings like a small opening or a type of container.

Derived headwords

شَكَاverb

1.
to complainboth
To express dissatisfaction, pain, or grievance about something.
2.
to report ill of someoneclassical
To inform someone about the bad actions of another person towards you.
3.
to be illboth
To suffer from a sickness or ailment.

يَشْكُوverb

1.
he complainsboth
Present tense of the verb 'to complain'.

شَكْوَىnoun

1.
complaintboth
An expression of pain, dissatisfaction, or grievance.
2.
illnessboth
A state of being sick or diseased.
3.
grievanceboth
A cause of distress or complaint.

شَكَاةnoun

1.
complaintclassical
An expression of pain or grievance.
2.
illnessclassical
A sickness or ailment.
3.
defectclassical
A flaw or blemish, often used metaphorically.

شَكاوَةnoun

1.
complaintclassical
An expression of pain or grievance.
2.
illnessclassical
A sickness or ailment.

شِكَايَةnoun

1.
complaintboth
The act of complaining or expressing a grievance.
2.
illnessboth
A sickness or ailment.
3.
reporting ill of someoneclassical
The act of informing about someone's bad deeds.

تَشَكَّىverb

1.
to complainboth
To express distress or pain, similar to شَكَا.
2.
to take a container for milkclassical
To acquire or use a 'shakwah' (a small container for milk).

اشْتَكَىverb

1.
to complainboth
To express pain, illness, or grievance.
2.
to report ill of someoneclassical
To inform about someone's bad actions.
3.
to take a container for milkclassical
To acquire or use a 'shakwah'.

تَشَاكَىverb

1.
to complain to each otherclassical
When people express their grievances to one another.

أَشْكَىverb

1.
to cause to complainclassical
To do something that forces someone to complain.
2.
to appease a complainerclassical
To remove someone's complaint or distress.
3.
to find someone complainingclassical
To encounter someone who is complaining.
4.
to take compensation for someoneclassical
To obtain something satisfactory for someone from another.

مَشْكُوّadjective

1.
complained againstclassical
Someone about whom a complaint has been made.

مَشْكِيّadjective

1.
complained againstclassical
Someone about whom a complaint has been made.

شَكِيَّةnoun

1.
complaintclassical
An expression of pain or grievance.
2.
illnessclassical
A sickness or ailment.
3.
small container for milkclassical
A diminutive form of 'shakwah'.

شَاكِيadjective

1.
complainingboth
One who is expressing a complaint or distress.
2.
illboth
Suffering from sickness.
3.
well-armedclassical
Possessing strong and effective weaponry.

شَكْوَاءnoun

1.
illnessclassical
A sickness or ailment.

شَكْوnoun

1.
illnessclassical
The state of being sick.
2.
complaintclassical
An expression of grievance.

مِشْكَاةnoun

1.
small openingboth
A niche or small window in a wall, often without a frame.
2.
lantern partboth
The part of a lantern holding the wick or light source.

شَكْوَةnoun

1.
small containerboth
A small vessel, often made of leather, used for milk or water.
2.
skin of a sucklingclassical
The skin of a young animal while it is nursing.

شَكِيّadjective

1.
complainingclassical
One who complains.
2.
illclassical
Sick or ailing.
3.
complained againstclassical
One who is the subject of a complaint.

شَكْأverb

1.
to peelclassical
To have skin peel off, especially between the flesh and nails.

شَكِئَتْverb

1.
it peeledclassical
Past tense of 'shaka' (to peel).

شُوَيكِيَّةnoun

1.
camelsclassical
A type of camel, possibly related to the root's meaning of distress or hardship.

Parallel reading

شكا الرجل أمره يشكو شكوا، على فعلا، وشكوى على فعلى

The man complained about his affair, complaining a complaint, on the pattern of 'fa'ala', and 'shakwah' on the pattern of 'fa'la'.

وتشكى واشتكى: كشكا

And 'tashakka' and 'ishtaka' mean: like 'shaka'.

وتشاكى القوم: شكا بعضهم إلى بعض

And the people 'tashaka': some of them complained to each other.

وشكوت فلانا أشكوه شكوى وشكاية وشكية وشكاة إذا أخبرت عنه بسوء فعله بك

And I complained about so-and-so, I complain about him, 'shakwah', 'shikayah', 'shakiyah', and 'shukah' if you informed about his bad actions towards you.

والاسم الشكوى

And the noun is 'al-shakwah'.

الشكاية والشكية إظهار ما يصفك به غيرك من المكروه

Al-shikayah and al-shakiyah are the revealing of what others describe you with of disliked things.

والاشتكاء إظهار ما بك من مكروه أو مرض ونحوه

And al-ishtika' is the revealing of what is wrong with you, whether it's disliked things or illness and the like.

وأشكيت فلانا إذا فعلت به فعلا أحوجه إلى أن يشكوك

And you caused so-and-so to complain ('ashkayta') if you did something to him that made him need to complain about you.

وأشكيته أيضا إذا أعتبته من شكواه ونزعت عن شكاته وأزلته عما يشكوه، وهو من الأضداد

And you also appeased him ('ashkaytahu') if you relieved him from his complaint and removed what he was complaining about, and it is from the opposites.

شكونا إلى رسول الله؛ صلى الله عليه وسلم، حر الرمضاء فلم يشكنا

We complained to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, about the heat of the sand, and he did not appease us ('lam yushakkina').

أي شكوا إليه حر الشمس وما يصيب أقدامهم منه إذا خرجوا إلى صلاة الظهر، وسألوه تأخيرها قليلا فلم يشكهم أي لم يجبهم إلى ذلك ولم يزل شكواهم

Meaning they complained to him about the heat of the sun and what it did to their feet when they went out for the noon prayer, and they asked him to delay it slightly, and he did not appease them ('lam yushakkihim'), meaning he did not grant their request and did not remove their complaint.

ويقال: أشكيت الرجل إذا أزلت شكواه وإذا حملته على الشكوى

And it is said: You caused the man to be appeased ('ashkayta') if you removed his complaint, and you caused him to complain ('ashkayta') if you made him complain.

واشتكيته: مثل شكوته

And I complained about him ('ishtakaytuhu'): like I complained about him ('shakawtuhu').

شاكيت أبا موسى في بعض ما يشاكي الرجل أميره ؛ هو فاعلت من الشكوى، وهو أن تخبر عن مكروه أصابك

I debated with Abu Musa in some of what a man debates with his commander ('yushaki'); it is 'fa'alta' from 'al-shakwah', which is to inform about a disliked thing that befell you.

والشكو والشكوى والشكاة والشكاء كله: المرض

And 'al-shakw', 'al-shakwah', 'al-shukah', and 'al-shukaa' all mean: illness.

ما شكاتك يا ابن حكيم؟ قال له: انتهاء المدة وانقضاء العدة

What is your ailment ('shikatuk') O son of Hakim? He said to him: The end of the period and the completion of the waiting term.

الشكو الاشتكاء، تقول: شكا يشكو شكاة، يستعمل في الموجدة والمرض

Al-shakw is al-ishtika', you say: 'shaka' 'yashku' 'shukah', it is used for distress and illness.

ويقال: هو شاك مريض

And it is said: He is a complaining, sick person ('shakin marid').

واشتكى عضوا من أعضائه وتشكى بمعنى

And he complained of a limb from his limbs ('ishtaka') and 'tashakka' mean the same.

دخل على الحسن في شكو له ؛ هو المرض

He entered upon Al-Hasan while he was ill ('fi shukwin lahu'); it is illness.

وقد شكا المرض شكوا وشكاة وشكوى وتشكى واشتكى

And he complained of the illness ('shaka al-marada') with 'shukwan', 'shukatan', 'shakwah', 'tashakka', and 'ishtaka'.

والشكي: الذي يشتكي

And 'al-shakiyy': the one who complains.

وأشكيت الرجل: أتى إليه ما يشكو فيه به

And you caused the man to have something to complain about ('ashkayta al-rajula'): you brought to him something he could complain about.

وأشكى: نزع له من شكايته وأعتبه

And ('ashka'): he removed from him his complaint and appeased him.

تشتكي إلينا فلا نشكيها، وشكواها ما غلبها من سوء الحال والهزال فيقوم مقام كلامها

They complain to us ('tashtaki ilayna') and we do not appease them ('la nushkiha'), and their complaint ('shakwahā') is what overcomes them of bad condition and emaciation, which stands in place of their speech.

شكاني فلان فأشكيته إذا شكاك فزدته أذى وشكوى

So-and-so complained about me ('shakani') and I increased his complaint ('ashkaytuhu') if he complained about you and you increased his harm and complaint.

وأشكى إذا صادف حبيبه يشكو

And ('ashka') if he encountered his beloved complaining.

وأشكيه، حتى كاد مما أبثه تكلمني أحجاره وملاعبه

And I complained to it ('ushkihi'), until its stones and playgrounds almost spoke to me from what I confided in it.

وأشكى فلانا من فلان: أخذ له منه ما يرضى

And you caused so-and-so to be appeased by so-and-so ('ashkayta fulanan min fulan'): you took from him what would satisfy him.

شكونا إلى رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، الرمضاء فما أشكانا

We complained to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, about the hot sand, and he did not appease us ('fa ma ashkanā').

أشكيت الرجل أي أتيت إليه ما يشكوني، وأشكيته إذا شكا إليك فرجعت له من شكايته إياك إلى ما يحب

You caused the man to have something to complain about ('ashkayta al-rajula') meaning you brought to him what he would complain about to you, and you appeased him ('ashkaytahu') if he complained to you and you returned him from his complaint against you to what he loved.

وهو يشكى بكذا أي يتهم ويزن

And he is suspected of such-and-such ('yushka bikadha') meaning he is accused and weighed.

تشكى بالغزل

She is suspected of flirtation ('tushka bil-ghazal').

وقد كان يشكى بالعزاء ملول

And he used to be suspected of boredom with consolation ('yushka bil-'aza'i malal').

والشكي أيضا: الموجع

And 'al-shakiyy' also means: the painful thing.

وسمي شكي أي يشكى لذعه وإحراقه

And 'Sumayyah' is called 'shakiyy' meaning his sting and burning are complained of.

سلمة يقال به شكأ شديد تقشر

Salama, it is said he has a severe peeling ('shak'un shadid').

وقد شكئت أصابعه، وهو التقشر بين اللحم والأظفار شبيه بالتشقق

And his fingers have peeled ('shaki'at asabi'uhu'), which is the peeling between the flesh and the nails, similar to cracking.

ويقال للبعير إذا أتعبه السير فمد عنقه وكثر أنينه: قد شكا

And it is said of a camel when the journey tires it, so it stretches its neck and groans a lot: it has complained ('qad shaka').

شكا إلي جملي طول السرى، صبرا جميلي، فكلانا مبتلى

My camel complained to me ('shaka ilayya jamali') about the length of the night journey, be patient, my dear, for both of us are tested.

وتلك شكاة ظاهر عنك عارها

And that is a defect ('shukah') whose blemish is apparent from you.

ورجل شاكي السلاح إذا كان ذا شوكة وحد في سلاحه

And a man 'shaki al-silah' if he is strong and sharp in his weaponry.

والشكي في السلاح معرب، وهو بالتركية بش

And 'al-shakiyy' in weaponry is a loanword, and in Turkish it is 'bish'.

كل كوة ليست بنافذة مشكاة

Every niche that is not a passage is a 'mishkah'.

كمشكاة فيها مصباح

Like a niche ('mishkatun') wherein is a lamp.

وهي الكوة، وقيل: هي بلغة الحبش، قال: والمشكاة من كلام العرب

And it is the niche, and it is said: it is in the Abyssinian language, and 'al-mishkah' is from the speech of the Arabs.

ومثلها، وإن كان لغير الكوة، الشكوة، وهي معروفة، وهي الزقيق الصغير أول ما يعمل مثله

And similar to it, even if not for a niche, is 'al-shakwah', which is known, and it is the small leather vessel when it is first made like it.

بالمشكاة قصبة الزجاجة التي يستصبح فيها، وهي موضع الفتيلة، شبهت بالمشكاة وهي الكوة التي ليست بنافذة

The 'mishkah' refers to the glass tube in which the lamp is lit, which is the place for the wick, likened to the 'mishkah', which is a non-penetrating niche.

سل شاكي فلان أي طيب نفسه وعزه عما عراه

Ask so-and-so's 'shaki' meaning to comfort his soul and console him about what has befallen him.

سليت شاكي أرض كذا وكذا أي تركتها فلم أقربها

I left the 'shaki' of such-and-such land, meaning I abandoned it and did not approach it.

إنما يخرج من مشكاة واحدة

It only comes out from one niche ('mishkah').

والشكوة: جلد الرضيع وهو للبن، فإذا كان جلد الجذع فما فوقه سمي وطبا

And 'al-shakwah': the skin of a suckling, and it is for milk; if it is the skin of a yearling or older, it is called a 'watab'.

كان له شكوة ينقع فيها زبيبا ، قال: هي وعاء كالدلو أو القربة الصغيرة، وجمعها شكى

He had a 'shakwah' in which he soaked raisins. It is a vessel like a bucket or a small waterskin, and its plural is 'shaka'.

والشكوة مسك السخلة ما دام يرضع، فإذا فطم فمسكه البدرة، فإذا أجذع فمسكه السقاء، وقيل: هو وعاء من أدم يبرد فيه الماء ويحبس فيه اللبن، والجمع شكوات وشكاء

And 'al-shakwah' is the skin of a suckling lamb as long as it nurses; when weaned, its container is 'al-badrah'; when it becomes a yearling, its container is 'al-siqa'. And it is said: it is a leather vessel in which water is cooled and milk is kept, and its plural is 'shakawat' and 'shukaa'.

وشكت النساء أي اتخذت الشكاء

And the women made 'shakwah' ('shakat al-nisa') meaning they took 'al-shukaa' (containers).

تشكت النساء أي اتخذن الشكاء لمخض اللبن لأنه قليل، يعني أن الشكوة صغيرة فلا يمخض فيها إلا القليل، من اللبن

'Tashakkakat al-nisa' meaning they took 'al-shukaa' for churning milk because it is little, meaning the 'shakwah' is small, so only a little milk is churned in it.

تشكى النساء أي اتخذن الشكى للبن

'Tashakka al-nisa' meaning they took 'al-shaka' for milk.

وشكى وتشكى واشتكى إذا اتخذ شكوة

And 'shaka', 'tashakka', and 'ishtaka' when one takes a 'shakwah'.

ابتغى الراعي شكيه

The shepherd sought his 'shakiyyah' (small container).

والشكية: تصغير الشكوة، وذلك أن الثريا إذا طلعت هذا الوقت هبت البوارح ورمضت الأرض وعطشت الرعيان، فاحتاجوا إلى شكاء يستقون فيها لشفاههم، ويحقنون اللبينة في بعضها ليشربوها قارصة

And 'al-shakiyyah': the diminutive of 'al-shakwah'. This is because when the Pleiades rise at this time, the east winds blow, the land becomes hot, and the shepherds become thirsty, so they need 'shukaa'' (containers) to draw water in for their lips, and to put curdled milk in some of them to drink it sour.

شكى الراعي وتشكى إذا اتخذ الشكوة

The shepherd complained ('shaka al-ra'i') and 'tashakka' if he took the 'shakwah'.

وشكت الأيامي، ... وأضحى الرئم بالدو طاويا

And the unmarried women complained ('shakat al-ayyami') ... and the wild cows became lying down in the desert.

شكت الأيامى أي كثر الرسل حتى صارت الأيم يفضل لها لبن تحقنه في شكوتها

'Shakat al-ayyami' means the messengers became numerous until the unmarried women had surplus milk to store in their 'shakwah'.

واشتكى أي اتخذ شكوة

And ('ishtaka') meaning he took a 'shakwah'.

والشكو: الحمل الصغير

And 'al-shakw': the small load.

شويكية، يكسو براها لغامها

Shuwaykiyyah (camels), whose hair covers their fetlocks.