شتا

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the season of winter, its duration, and related concepts. It extends to the act of spending time in a place during winter, and metaphorically, to periods of hardship or famine, especially those occurring in winter.

Derived headwords

الشِّتَاءnoun

1.
winterboth
The winter season, one of the four seasons of the year, typically lasting three months.
2.
famine, hardshipclassical
Metaphorically refers to a period of scarcity, drought, or famine, often associated with the cold and inactivity of winter.

السَّنَةnoun

1.
yearboth
A period of twelve months, used here in the context of dividing the year into seasons.

الشِّتْوَةnoun

1.
winter seasonclassical
A single instance or period of winter, or a part of the year considered winter.
2.
staying in winterclassical
The act of staying or residing in a place during the winter season.

أَشْتِيَةnoun

1.
wintersclassical
The plural of الشتاء (winter), referring to multiple winter seasons.

شَتَاverb

1.
to spend winterboth
To reside or stay in a place during the winter season.
2.
to enter winterclassical
To begin experiencing the winter season.
3.
to experience famineclassical
To suffer from scarcity or famine, particularly during winter.

شَتْوًاnoun

1.
a single winter stayclassical
The act of staying in a place for one winter season.

شَتْوَةnoun

1.
a single winter stayclassical
The act of staying in a place for one winter season; a single instance of wintering.

شَتْوِيّadjective

1.
winteryboth
Relating to or characteristic of winter.
2.
winter-dwellingclassical
Pertaining to a place or season of winter habitation.
3.
winter rainclassical
Rain that falls during the winter season.

أَشْتَوَاverb

1.
they entered winterclassical
They entered into the season of winter.
2.
they experienced famineclassical
They suffered from scarcity or famine.

شَتَّوْاverb

1.
they spent the winterclassical
They stayed or resided in a place during the winter.

تَشَتَّىverb

1.
to stay in a placeclassical
To reside or remain in a specific location during the winter season.
2.
to graze in winterclassical
To allow livestock to graze in a particular area during winter.

مُشْتًىnoun

1.
wintering placeboth
A place where one spends the winter; a winter dwelling or resort.
2.
famine-strickenclassical
One who has been afflicted by famine or scarcity.

مُشْتَاةnoun

1.
wintering placeclassical
A place where one spends the winter; a winter dwelling or resort.

شَاتِيadjective

1.
winteryclassical
Relating to or characteristic of winter.

الشَّتِيّnoun

1.
winter rainclassical
Rain that falls during the winter season.

مُشَاتَاةnoun

1.
winter seasonclassical
A period of winter; the time of winter.

شَتَاءnoun

1.
winter seasonclassical
A period of winter; the time of winter.

شَتَّىverb

1.
to become scarceclassical
To experience scarcity or famine, especially in winter.

مُشْتَوِنadjective

1.
famine-strickenclassical
Afflicted by famine or scarcity, especially during winter.

الشِّتَاnoun

1.
rough placeclassical
A harsh or difficult terrain.

الشَّثَاnoun

1.
valley headclassical
The upper part or beginning of a valley.

الشِّتْيَانnoun

1.
swarmclassical
A large group of locusts, horses, or riders.

Parallel reading

السنة عند العرب اسم لاثني عشر شهرا

The year among the Arabs is a name for twelve months.

فبدؤوا بأول السنة أول الشتاء لأنه ذكر والصيف أنثى

They began the start of the year with the beginning of winter because it is masculine and summer is feminine.

فصار الشتوي ثلاثة أشهر والربيع ثلاثة أشهر

So winter became three months and spring became three months.

الشتاء معروف أحد أرباع السنة، وهي الشتوة

Winter is known as one of the quarters of the year, and it is the 'شتوة'.

وقيل: الشتاء جمع شتوة

And it was said: 'الشتاء' is the plural of 'شتوة'.

وجمع الشتاء أشتية

And the plural of 'الشتاء' is 'أشتية'.

أشتينا دخلنا في الشتاء

We entered into winter (أشتينا).

وأما الشتوة فإنما هي مصدر شتا بالمكان شتوا وشتوة للمرة الواحدة

As for 'الشتوة', it is the masdar of 'شتا بالمكان' (to stay in a place) for one instance.

والنسبة إلى الشتاء شتوي، على غير قياس

And the attribution to 'الشتاء' is 'شتوي', which is irregular.

وقد شتا الشتاء يشتو

And winter has come (الشتاء يشتو).

ويوم شات مثل يوم صائف

And a wintery day (يوم شات) is like a summery day (يوم صائف).

وأشتوا: دخلوا في الشتاء

And they entered winter (أشتوا): they entered into the winter.

فإن أقاموه في موضع قيل: شتوا

If they stayed in a place, it is said: 'شتوا' (they spent the winter).

وتشتى المكان: أقام به في الشتوة

And 'تشتى المكان' means: to stay in it during the winter.

من قاظ الشرف وتربع الحزن وتشتى الصمان فقد أصاب المرعى

Whoever spends summer in Al-Sharaf, spring in Al-Huzn, and winter in Al-Summan has found good pasture.

ويقال: شتونا الصمان أي أقمنا بها في الشتاء

And it is said: 'We spent the winter in Al-Summan' (شتونا الصمان), meaning we stayed there in the winter.

وتشتينا الصمان أي رعيناها في الشتاء

And 'we grazed Al-Summan in winter' (تشتينا الصمان) means we grazed them in winter.

وهذه مشاتينا ومصايفنا ومرابعنا أي منازلنا في الشتاء والصيف والربيع

And these are our wintering places (مشاتينا), our summering places (مصايفنا), and our pastures (مرابعنا), meaning our dwellings in winter, summer, and spring.

وشتوت بموضع كذا وتشتيت: أقمت به الشتاء

And 'I spent the winter in such-and-such a place' (شتوت بموضع كذا) and 'تشتيت' means: I stayed there for the winter.

وهذا الذي يشتيني أي يكفيني لشتائي

And this is what suffices me (يشتيني) for my winter (لشتائي).

تشتينا من الشتاء كتصيفنا من الصيف

Our wintering (تشتينا) from winter is like our summering (تصيفنا) from summer.

والمشتي، بتخفيف التاء، من الإبل: المربع

And 'المشتي' (with a light 't'), of camels, means the place where they spend the spring.

والفصيل شتوي وشتوي وشتي

And the young camel is 'شتوي', 'شتوي', and 'شتي'.

والشتوي مطر الشتاء، والشتي مطر الشتاء

And 'الشتوي' is winter rain, and 'الشتي' is winter rain.

المطر الذي يقع في الشتاء

The rain that falls in winter.

وباكرها الشتي بديمة وطفاء، تملؤها إلى أصبارها

And the winter rain (الشتي) followed it with a heavy shower, filling it up to its sides.

والشتوي منسوب إلى الشتوة

And 'الشتوي' is attributed to 'الشتوة'.

وعامله مشاتاة: من الشتاء

And its governor is 'مشاتاة': from winter.

وعامله مشاتاة وشتاء، وشتاء هاهنا منصوب على المصدر لا على الظرف

And its governor is 'مشاتاة' and 'شتاء', and 'شتاء' here is accusative as a masdar, not as an adverb of time.

وشتا القوم يشتون: أجدبوا في الشتاء خاصة

And the people experienced scarcity (شتا القوم يشتون): they became barren specifically in winter.

والعرب تسمي القحط شتاء لأن المجاعات أكثر ما تصيبهم في الشتاء البارد

And the Arabs call drought 'winter' because famines most often befall them in the cold winter.

إذا نزل الشتاء بدار قوم، تجنب جار بيتهم الشتاء

If winter (meaning famine) descends upon a people's land, their neighbor avoids their house.

والناس مرملون مشتون

And the people were destitute and famine-stricken (مشتون).

المشتي: الذي أصابته المجاعة

The famine-stricken one (المشتي): he who was afflicted by famine.

والأصل في المشتي الداخل في الشتاء كالمربع والمصيف الداخل في الربيع والصيف

And the origin of 'المشتي' is entering into winter, like 'المربع' (entering spring) and 'المصيف' (entering summer).

وأرادت أم معبد أن الناس كانوا في أزمة ومجاعة وقلة لبن

And Umm Ma'bad meant that the people were in hardship, famine, and lack of milk.

ويقال: أشتى القوم فهم مشتون إذا أصابتهم مجاعة

And it is said: 'The people became famine-stricken' (أشتى القوم فهم مشتون) if famine befell them.

الشتا الموضع الخشن

Al-Shita (الشتا): the rough place.

والشثا، بالثاء: صدر الوادي

And Al-Shatha (الشثا), with a 'th', is the head of the valley.

والشتيان جماعة الجراد والخيل والركبان

And 'Al-Shityan' (الشتيان) is a swarm of locusts, horses, and riders.

وخيل كشتيان الجراد، وزعتها بطعن على اللبات ذي نفحان

And horses like swarms of locusts (كشتيان الجراد), I dispersed them with thrusts to the chests of the valiant.