جرا

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of flowing, running, or moving, often applied to liquids like water and blood, but also to celestial bodies, ships, and animals. It extends to concepts of continuity, duration, and the process of growth or development, as well as acting as an agent or representative.

Derived headwords

الجَرْو والجَرْوَةnoun

1.
young of animalsboth
The young of any animal, including dogs, lions, and other predators. It can also refer to the young of plants or fruits.
2.
young fruit/plantboth
The small, immature stage of fruits like colocynth, melon, cucumber, and pomegranate, or the fruit itself when it first appears.
3.
container for seedsclassical
A container for the seeds of certain plants, specifically those found at the tips of stalks.
4.
resolve, determinationclassical
A state of resolve or determination, often expressed as 'striking one's jaryah' for a matter, meaning to be patient or steadfast.
5.
soul, selfclassical
The soul or self, as in 'jaryatunafsihi' (his soul).

جرو الكلب والأسد والسباع — The young of the dog, lion, and beasts of prey

أهدي إلى رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، قناع من رطب وأجر زغب ؛ يعني شعارير القثاء — A platter of dates and young, downy gourds was presented to the Messenger of God, peace be upon him; meaning the small, downy gourds.

أجرت الشجرة: صار فيها الجراء — The tree produced its young fruits: its young fruits appeared on it.

أَجْرَأَverb

1.
to make flowboth
To cause something to flow, run, or move, especially liquids.
2.
to make productive (tree)classical
To cause a tree to bear fruit or produce its young fruits.
3.
to appoint as agentclassical
To appoint someone as an agent or representative, to make them run an affair.

وأجراه هو وأجريته أنا — He made it flow, and I made it flow.

إذا أجريت الماء على الماء أجزأ عنك — If you make water flow onto water, it suffices for you (i.e., purification).

جَرَىverb

1.
to flow, runboth
To move in a continuous stream, like water or blood; to flow.
2.
to run (animal)both
For an animal, especially a horse, to run or gallop.
3.
to move, travelboth
To move or travel, applied to celestial bodies like the sun and stars, or to ships.
4.
to happen, occurboth
To happen, occur, or take place.
5.
to compete withboth
To run alongside someone or something, to compete with them, or to keep pace.
6.
to be appointed agentclassical
To be appointed as an agent or representative.

جرى الماء والدم ونحوه جريا وجرية وجريانا — Water, blood, and the like flowed with a running, a flow, and a flowing.

وجرت الشمس وسائر النجوم: سارت من المشرق إلى المغرب — The sun and all the stars moved: they traveled from east to west.

وجرت السفينة جريا كذلك — The ship moved in a similar manner.

جاراه مجاراة وجراء أي جرى معه — He ran with him, a running with him and a running with him, meaning he ran with him.

جاراه في الحديث وتجاروا فيه — He engaged in conversation with him, and they conversed about it.

جَرْيnoun

1.
running, flowingboth
The act of flowing or running, especially of liquids.
2.
running (animal)both
The act of running or galloping, particularly for a horse.
3.
movement, courseboth
The movement or course of celestial bodies or ships.
4.
agent, representativeboth
An agent, representative, or someone entrusted with a task.
5.
messengerboth
A messenger sent on a mission.
6.
hired workerclassical
A hired laborer or employee.

وإنه لحسن الجرية — And indeed, its flow is good.

وجرى الفرس وغيره جريا وجراء: أجراه — The horse and others ran a running and a running: he made it run.

والجارية: السفينة، صفة غالبة — And the moving one: the ship, a dominant description.

فأرسلوا جريا أي رسولا — So they sent a messenger, meaning a messenger.

إني جريت جريا واستجريت أي وكلت وكيلا — I appointed an agent and sought an agent, meaning I appointed an agent.

جَرِيّadjective

1.
running, flowingboth
Describing something that is running or flowing.
2.
agentclassical
Acting as an agent or representative.

والجارية: الريح؛ قال الشاعر: فيوما تراني في الفريق معقلا، ويوما أباري في الرياح الجواريا — And the moving one: the wind; a poet said: Sometimes you see me settled with a group, and sometimes I race alongside the moving winds.

جُرْيَةnoun

1.
flow, currentboth
The state or manner of flowing, the current of a liquid.
2.
running (animal)classical
The act of running, especially for a horse.

ما أشد جرية هذا الماء، بالكسر — How strong is the flow of this water, with a kasra.

وأمسك الله جرية الماء — And God held back the flow of the water.

جَرَيَانnoun

1.
flowing, runningboth
The act or process of flowing or running, especially of liquids.
2.
course, movementboth
The course or movement of something, like celestial bodies.

جرى الماء والدم ونحوه جريا وجرية وجريانا — Water, blood, and the like flowed with a running, a flow, and a flowing.

جَارَىverb

1.
to run with, keep pace withboth
To run alongside someone or something, to keep pace with them.
2.
to compete withboth
To compete with someone, especially in conversation or debate.
3.
to flow withclassical
To flow along with something else.

جاراه مجاراة وجراء أي جرى معه — He ran with him, a running with him and a running with him, meaning he ran with him.

جاراه في الحديث وتجاروا فيه — He engaged in conversation with him, and they conversed about it.

من طلب العلم ليجاري به العلماء أي يجري معهم في المناظرة والجدال ليظهر علمه إلى الناس رياء وسمعة — Whoever seeks knowledge to compete with scholars, meaning to run with them in debate and argument to show off his knowledge to people out of ostentation and reputation.

مُجَارَاةnoun

1.
running alongsideboth
The act of running alongside or keeping pace with someone or something.
2.
competition, emulationboth
The act of competing with or emulating someone, especially in conversation or debate.

جاراه مجاراة وجراء أي جرى معه — He ran with him, a running with him and a running with him, meaning he ran with him.

تَجَارَىverb

1.
to converse, debateboth
To engage in conversation or debate with each other.
2.
to flow into each otherclassical
To flow into each other or mingle.

وتجاروا فيه — And they conversed about it.

تتجارى بهم الأهواء كما يتجارى الكلب بصاحبه — Desires lead them astray as a dog leads its companion astray.

جَارِيَةnoun

1.
moving thingboth
A general term for something that moves or flows.
2.
shipboth
A ship, so named because it moves on the water.
3.
sunboth
The sun, so named because of its movement across the sky.
4.
windboth
The wind, so named because of its movement.
5.
young womanboth
A young, unmarried woman.
6.
eye (of an animal)classical
The eye of any living creature.
7.
blessing, graceclassical
A blessing or grace from God.

والجارية: الشمس، سميت بذلك لجريها من القطر إلى القطر — And the moving one: the sun, so named because of its movement from one horizon to the other.

والجارية: الريح — And the moving one: the wind.

والجارية: السفينة — And the moving one: the ship.

والجارية: عين كل حيوان — And the moving one: the eye of every animal.

والجارية: النعمة من الله على عباده — And the moving one: the blessing from God upon His servants.

مَجْرَىnoun

1.
course, pathboth
The path or course along which something moves or flows.
2.
place of flowboth
The place where a liquid flows.
3.
movement, mannerboth
The manner of movement or the way something proceeds.
4.
vowel soundclassical
In prosody, the vowel sound of the rhyme-letter (rawiyy) in Arabic poetry.

بسم الله مجراها ومرساها — In the name of God is its course and its anchoring.

ومجرى داحس كذلك — And the course of Dahis is likewise.

والمجرى في الشعر حركة حرف الروي فتحته وضمته وكسرته — And the majra in poetry is the movement of the rhyme-letter: its fathah, dammah, and kasrah.

مَجَارِيnoun

1.
channels, coursesboth
Plural of majra, referring to channels, paths, or courses.
2.
endings of wordsclassical
In grammar, the endings of words where grammatical case endings occur.

والمجاري: أواخر الكلم، وذلك لأن حركات الإعراب والبناء إنما تكون هنالك — And the majari: the endings of words, because the movements of inflection and construction occur there.

جَرَايةnoun

1.
continuous flowclassical
A continuous or ongoing flow.
2.
stipend, allowanceclassical
A regular allowance or stipend, a continuous provision.
3.
young womanhoodclassical
The state of being a young woman.

الأرزاق جارية والأعطيات دارة متصلة — Provisions are flowing and gifts are continuous and connected.

صدقة جارية أي دارة متصلة كالوقوف المرصدة لأبواب البر — A continuous charity, meaning a flowing and connected one, like endowments set aside for acts of charity.

إِجْرِيَاnoun

1.
manner of runningboth
The way or manner in which something runs or flows.
2.
habit, natureboth
One's natural disposition or habit; the way one proceeds.
3.
course, customclassical
A customary course or practice.

غمر الأجاري مسحا مهرجا — Vast in its running, covering, and playful gait.

والكرم من إجرياه ومن إجريائه أي من طبيعته — And generosity is from its manner and its nature, meaning from its disposition.

جَرّاءnoun

1.
young of animalsboth
Plural of jary, referring to the young of animals.
2.
running (horse)classical
The running or gallop of a horse.

والجمع الكثير جراء — And the large plural is jaraa'.

غمر الجراء إذا قصرت عنانه — Vast in its running when its reins are shortened.

جَرْوَةnoun

1.
young of animalsboth
Feminine form of jary, referring to the young of animals.
2.
young fruitclassical
The young, tender fruit when it first appears.
3.
resolve, determinationclassical
A state of resolve or determination.

والأنثى جروة — And the feminine is jaryah.

والجروة: الثمرة أول ما تنبت غضة — And the jaryah: the fruit when it first grows tender.

جَرْوname

1.
name of a tribeclassical
A name for a branch of the Arab tribes, Banu Jary.
2.
name of a horseclassical
The name of a horse belonging to Shaddad al-Absi, father of Antarah.

وبنو جروة: بطن من العرب — And Banu Jary: a clan of Arabs.

وجروة: اسم فرس شداد العبسي أبي عنترة — And Jaryah: the name of the horse of Shaddad al-Absi, father of Antarah.

جَرِيّnoun

1.
agent, representativeboth
An agent or representative entrusted with a task.
2.
messengerboth
A messenger.
3.
hired workerclassical
A hired laborer or employee.

والجري: الوكيل: الواحد والجمع والمؤنث في ذلك سواء — And the jary: the agent; singular, plural, and feminine are the same in this regard.

وفي حديث أم إسماعيل، عليه السلام: فأرسلوا جريا أي رسولا — And in the hadith of Hajar, peace be upon her: So they sent a jary, meaning a messenger.

استَجْرَىverb

1.
to appoint an agentclassical
To appoint someone as an agent or representative.
2.
to be overcome byclassical
To be overcome or influenced by something, especially evil influences.

إني جريت جريا واستجريت أي وكلت وكيلا — I appointed an agent and sought an agent, meaning I appointed an agent.

ولا يستجرينكم الشيطان — And let not Satan overcome you.

جَرّاءَكprepositional phrase

1.
for the sake ofclassical
For your sake; for your benefit or reason.

فعلت ذلك من جراك ومن جرائك أي من أجلك لغة في جراك — I did that for your sake and for your sake, meaning for your sake, a dialectal variant of jarrak.

جَرَاكprepositional phrase

1.
for the sake ofclassical
For your sake; for your benefit or reason.

فعلت ذلك من جراك ومن جرائك أي من أجلك لغة في جراك — I did that for your sake and for your sake, meaning for your sake, a dialectal variant of jarrak.

Parallel reading

الجرو والجروة: الصغير من كل شيء حتى من الحنظل والبطيخ والقثاء والرمان والخيار والباذنجان

The jary and jaryah: the young of everything, even of colocynth, melon, cucumber, pomegranate, and eggplant.

وفي الحديث: أهدي إلى رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، قناع من رطب وأجر زغب ؛ يعني شعارير القثاء.

And in the hadith: A platter of dates and young, downy gourds was presented to the Messenger of God, peace be upon him; meaning the small, downy gourds.

وجرو الكلب والأسد والسباع وجروه وجروه كذلك، والجمع أجر وأجرية؛ هذه عن اللحياني، وهي نادرة، وأجراء وجراء، والأنثى جروة.

And the young of the dog, lion, and beasts of prey, and its young, and its young likewise, and the plural is ajr and ajriyah; this is from al-Lihyani, and it is rare, and ajra' and jara', and the feminine is jaryah.

وكلبة مجر ومجرية ذات جرو وكذلك السبعة أي معها جراؤها

And a female dog that is majarr and majriyah, having a young one, and likewise a female beast of prey, meaning with her young ones.

وأجرت الشجرة: صار فيها الجراء.

And the tree produced its young fruits: its young fruits appeared on it.

إذا أخرج الحنظل ثمره فصغاره الجراء، واحدها جرو، ويقال لشجرته قد أجرت.

When the colocynth produces its fruit, its young ones are the jaraa', and its singular is jary, and its tree is said to have ajrat (produced young fruits).

وجرى الماء والدم ونحوه جريا وجرية وجريانا، وإنه لحسن الجرية

Water, blood, and the like flowed with a running, a flow, and a flowing, and indeed, its flow is good.

وفي حديث: وأمسك الله جرية الماء ؛ هي، بالكسر: حالة الجريان؛ ومنه: وعال قلم زكريا الجرية.

And in the hadith: And God held back the flow of the water; it, with a kasra, is the state of flowing; and from it: And the pen of Zechariah flowed.

وجرت الشمس وسائر النجوم: سارت من المشرق إلى المغرب.

The sun and all the stars moved: they traveled from east to west.

والجارية: الشمس، سميت بذلك لجريها من القطر إلى القطر.

And the moving one: the sun, so named because of its movement from one horizon to the other.

والجارية: الريح؛ قال الشاعر: فيوما تراني في الفريق معقلا، ويوما أباري في الرياح الجواريا

And the moving one: the wind; a poet said: Sometimes you see me settled with a group, and sometimes I race alongside the moving winds.

وقوله تعالى: فلا أقسم بالخنس الجوار الكنس ؛ يعني النجوم.

And His saying, the Almighty: So I swear by the retreating, the moving, the hidden; meaning the stars.

وجرت السفينة جريا كذلك.

And the ship moved in a similar manner.

وفي التنزيل: حملناكم في الجارية ، وفيه: وله الجوار المنشآت في البحر

And in the Revelation: We carried you in the moving one (ship), and in it: And to Him belong the moving ones, raised up in the sea.

بسم الله مجراها ومرساها ؛ هما مصدران من أجريت السفينة وأرسيت، ومجراها ومرساها، بالفتح، من جرت السفينة ورست؛

In the name of God is its course and its anchoring; they are two masdars from 'I made the ship run' and 'I anchored it', and majraha and marsaha, with a fathah, are from 'the ship ran' and 'it anchored'.

والخيل تجري والرياح تجري والشمس تجري جريا إلا الماء فإنه يجري جرية، والجراء للخيل خاصة؛

And horses run, and winds run, and the sun runs with a running, except for water, which runs with a juriyah, and jara' is specific to horses;

جاراه مجاراة وجراء أي جرى معه، وجاراه في الحديث وتجاروا فيه.

He ran with him, a running with him and a running with him, meaning he ran with him, and he engaged in conversation with him, and they conversed about it.

وفي حديث الرياء: من طلب العلم ليجاري به العلماء أي يجري معهم في المناظرة والجدال ليظهر علمه إلى الناس رياء وسمعة.

And in the hadith about ostentation: Whoever seeks knowledge to compete with scholars, meaning to run with them in debate and argument to show off his knowledge to people out of ostentation and reputation.

ومننه الحديث: تتجارى بهم الأهواء كما يتجارى الكلب بصاحبه أي يتواقعون في الأهواء الفاسدة ويتداعون فيها، تشبيها بجري الفرس؛

And from it the hadith: Desires lead them astray as a dog leads its companion astray, meaning they fall into corrupt desires and call each other to them, likening it to the running of a horse;

والمجاري: أواخر الكلم، وذلك لأن حركات الإعراب والبناء إنما تكون هنالك؛

And the majari: the endings of words, because the movements of inflection and construction occur there;

والجارية: عين كل حيوان.

And the moving one: the eye of every animal.

وفي الحديث: الأرزاق جارية والأعطيات دارة متصلة ؛ قال شمر: هما واحد يقول هو دائم.

And in the hadith: Provisions are flowing and gifts are continuous and connected; Shamir said: They are one, meaning it is continuous.

يقال: جرى له ذلك الشيء ودر له بمعنى دام له؛

It is said: That thing flowed for him and flowed for him, meaning it lasted for him;

وفي الحديث: أن رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال إذا مات الإنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث صدقة جارية أي دارة متصلة كالوقوف المرصدة لأبواب البر.

And in the hadith: That the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, said: When a person dies, his deeds are cut off except for three: a continuous charity, meaning a flowing and connected one, like endowments set aside for acts of charity.

والإجريا والإجرياء: الوجه الذي تأخذ فيه وتجري عليه؛

And the ijriya and ijriya': the way in which you take and proceed;

وقالوا: الكرم من إجرياه ومن إجريائه أي من طبيعته؛

And they said: Generosity is from its manner and its nature, meaning from its disposition;

وفعلت ذلك من جراك ومن جرائك أي من أجلك لغة في جراك؛

And I did that for your sake and for your sake, meaning for your sake, a dialectal variant of jarrak;

والجري: الوكيل: الواحد والجمع والمؤنث في ذلك سواء.

And the jary: the agent; singular, plural, and feminine are the same in this regard.

قال أبو حاتم: وقد يقال للأنثى جرية، بالهاء، وهي قليلة؛

Abu Hatim said: And it may be said for the feminine juriyah, with the ha', and it is rare;

وفي حديث أم إسماعيل، عليه السلام: فأرسلوا جريا أي رسولا.

And in the hadith of Hajar, peace be upon her: So they sent a jary, meaning a messenger.

والجري: الخادم أيضًا؛

And the jary: the servant also;

ابن السكيت: إني جريت جريا واستجريت أي وكلت وكيلا.

Ibn al-Sikkit: I appointed an agent and sought an agent, meaning I appointed an agent.

وفي الحديث: أنت الجفنة الغراء، فقال قولوا بقولكم ولا يستجرينكم الشيطان أي لا يستغلبنكم؛

And in the hadith: You are the shining trough, so he said: Speak your minds, and let not Satan overcome you, meaning do not let him overpower you;

والجارية: الفتية من النساء بينة الجراية والجراء والجرى والجراء والجرائية؛

And the jaryah: the young woman, clearly having jaryah, jara', jary, jara', and jara'iyah;

ويروى بفتح الجيم وكسرها؛

And it is narrated with a fathah of the jim and a kasrah of it;