بني

Root entry · 21 derived lemmas

The root بني (b-n-y) primarily concerns the concept of building, constructing, and establishing. It extends to familial relationships, specifically 'son' and 'daughter', and by extension, descendants. The root also encompasses notions of origin, foundation, and lineage.

Derived headwords

بَنَىverb

1.
to buildboth
To construct a building or structure.
2.
to establishboth
To found or set up something, like a family or a reputation.

بنا في الشرف يبنو — He built in honor, he builds.

إن بنوا أحسنوا البنا — If they build, they build well.

البِنَاnoun

1.
buildingboth
The act or result of building; a structure.
2.
foundationboth
The base or groundwork of something.

أحسنوا البنا — they build well.

بَنُوَّةnoun

1.
sonshipboth
The state or quality of being a son; the relationship of a son.
2.
offspringboth
The state of having children or descendants.

ابن بين البنوة — A son who is clearly a son.

ابنnoun

1.
sonboth
A male child.
2.
descendantboth
A person descended from a particular ancestor.

والابن: الولد — And the son: the child.

أبناءnoun

1.
sonsboth
Plural of son.
2.
childrenboth
Plural of child, often used for male descendants.
3.
descendantsboth
Plural of descendant.

والجمع أبناء — And the plural is abnaa'.

ابنةnoun

1.
daughterboth
A female child.

وألحقوا ابنا الهاء فقالوا ابنة — And they attached the 'haa' to 'ibna' and said 'ibnah'.

بنتnoun

1.
daughterboth
A female child.

والأنثى ابنة وبنت — And the female is ibnah and bint.

بناتnoun

1.
daughtersboth
Plural of daughter.

والجمع بنات لا غير — And the plural is banat, nothing else.

ابنمnoun

1.
son (with added mim)classical
A variant form of 'ibn' with an added 'mim', possibly as a compensation for the dropped final letter.

وقالوا ابنم — And they said 'ibnam'.

ابنيماnoun

1.
my son (dual, with added mim)classical
A dual form of 'ibni' (my son) with an added 'mim', used in specific poetic contexts for emphasis or vocalization.

فهي ترنى بأبا وابناما — So she cries out 'Oh father and oh my two sons'.

أبينونnoun

1.
sons (diminutive)classical
A diminutive plural form of 'ibn' or 'bunayn', used in specific contexts, possibly referring to young sons or a specific group.

ترك أبينيك إلى غير راع — leaving your two sons to a non-guardian.

أبينىnoun

1.
sons (diminutive, vocative)classical
A diminutive form used in the vocative case, possibly referring to sons or a specific group.

أبينى لا ترموا جمرة العقبة حتى تطلع الشمس — My sons, do not throw pebbles at the Jamrah al-Aqabah until the sun rises.

تبنىverb

1.
to adoptboth
To take someone as one's own son or daughter.
2.
to claim as one's ownboth
To assert ownership or relationship, especially regarding lineage.

تبناه: اتخذه ابنا — He adopted him: he took him as a son.

أنه تبنى سالما أي اتخذه ابنا — That he adopted Salim, meaning he took him as a son.

بَنَوِيّadjective

1.
related to a sonboth
Pertaining to a son or sons.
2.
linealboth
Relating to lineage or descent.

والنسبة إلى الأبناء بنوي — And the attribution to the sons is banawi.

أبناويadjective

1.
related to descendantsboth
Pertaining to descendants, especially a specific group or tribe.

والنسبة إليهم على ذلك أبناوي في لغة بني سعد — And the attribution to them is abnawi in the dialect of Banu Sa'd.

بنياتnoun

1.
small pathsboth
Small paths that branch off from a main road; side tracks.

وبنيات الطريق: هي الطرق الصغار تتشعب من الجادة — And 'bunayyat al-tariq': they are the small roads that branch off from the main road.

ابن الطينnoun

1.
son of clayclassical
A designation for Adam, referring to his creation from earth.

ابن الطين آدم، عليه السلام — The son of clay is Adam, peace be upon him.

ابن بجدتهاnoun

1.
expertclassical
One who is deeply knowledgeable about something; an expert in its affairs.

أي العالم بها — Meaning, the one who knows it well.

ابن غبراءnoun

1.
destitute personclassical
A poor or destitute person, literally 'son of the dust', referring to their low status or connection to the earth.
2.
traveling companionsclassical
A group of people traveling together who help each other.

رأيت بني غبراء لا ينكرونني — I saw the sons of the dust, they did not deny me.

ابن إلاهةnoun

1.
sunlightclassical
The light of the sun; sunshine.

وابن إلاهة وألاهة ضوء الشمس — And 'ibn ilaahah' and 'ilaahah' is the light of the sun.

ابن المزنةnoun

1.
crescent moonclassical
The crescent moon, seen as a product of the rain clouds (Muznah).

وابن المزنة الهلال — And 'ibn al-muznah' is the crescent moon.

Parallel reading

بنا في الشرف يبنو

He built in honor, he builds.

أولئك قوم إن بنوا أحسنوا البنا

Those are people; if they build, they build well.

قالوا إنه جمع بنوة أو بنوة

They said it is the plural of 'bunūwah' or 'bunūwah'.

أراد بالأول أي بني

He meant by the first 'ayyun', meaning 'sons'.

والابن: الولد

And the son: the child.

وإنما قضى أنه من الياء لأن بنى يبني أكثر في كلامهم من يبنو

And he concluded it is from 'yaa' because 'bana yabni' is more frequent in their speech than 'bana yabnu'.

والجمع أبناء

And the plural is abnaa'.

والأنثى ابنة وبنت

And the female is ibnah and bint.

لام بنت واو، والتاء بدل منها

The 'laam' of 'bint' is a 'waw', and the 'taa' is substituted for it.

أصله بنوة ووزنها فعل

Its origin is 'bunūwah' and its weight is 'fu'al'.

فقالوا بنت، وليست التاء فيها بعلامة تأنيث

So they said 'bint', and the 'taa' in it is not a sign of feminine gender.

والأخذ بقوله المعلل أقوى من القول بقوله المغفل المرسل

And taking his reasoned opinion is stronger than taking his unreasoned, general statement.

فالصيغة في بنت قائمة مقام الهاء في ابنة

So the form in 'bint' stands in place of the 'haa' in 'ibnah'.

والنسب إلى بنت بنوي

And the attribution to 'bint' is 'banawi'.

العرب تقول هذه بنت فلان وهذه ابنة فلان، بتاء ثابتة في الوقف والوصل

The Arabs say 'hadhihi bint fulan' and 'hadhihi ibnat fulan', with a 'taa' fixed in pause and inواصل.

ومن قال إبنة فهو خطأ ولحن

And whoever says 'ibnah' it is an error and a linguistic solecism.

لا تقل إبنة لأن الألف إنما اجتلبت لسكون الباء، فإذا حركتها سقطت

Do not say 'ibnah' because the 'alif' was only brought for the sukoon of the 'baa', so when you move it, it falls.

ابن كان في الأصل بنو أو بنو

'Ibn' was originally 'banu' or 'banu'.

والألف ألف وصل في الابن

And the 'alif' is an 'alif al-wasl' in 'al-ibn'.

يقال ابن بين البنوة

It is said: a son who is clearly of sonship.

ويحتمل أن يكون أصله بنيا

And it is possible that its origin was 'biniyyan'.

والذين قالوا بنون كأنهم جمعوا بنيا بنون

And those who said 'banun' are as if they pluralized 'biniyyan' to 'banun'.

وبنت تدل على أنه يستقيم أن يكون فعلا

And 'bint' indicates that it is plausible for it to be 'fa'al'.

والأخفش يختار أن يكون المحذوف من ابن الواو

And Al-Akhfash prefers that the deleted letter from 'ibn' is the 'waw'.

لأنه أكثر ما يحذف لثقله والياء تحذف أيضا لأنها تثقل

Because it is most often deleted due to its heaviness, and the 'yaa' is also deleted because it is heavy.

والدليل على ذلك أن يدا قد أجمعوا على أن المحذوف منه الياء

And the evidence for that is 'yadan', they have unanimously agreed that the deleted letter from it is the 'yaa'.

والبنوة ليس بشاهد قاطع للواو لأنهم يقولون الفتوة والتثنية فتيان

And 'al-bunūwah' is not a decisive proof for 'waw' because they say 'al-futuwwah' and its dual is 'fityan'.

والذاهب منه واو كما ذهب من أب وأخ لأنك تقول في مؤنثه بنت وأخت

And the lost letter from it is 'waw' as it is lost from 'ab' and 'akh' because you say for their feminine 'bint' and 'ukht'.

ولم نر هذه الهاء تلحق مؤنثا إلا ومذكره محذوف الواو

And we have not seen this 'haa' attached to a feminine unless its masculine has a deleted 'waw'.

يدلك على ذلك أخوات وهنوات فيمن رد

This is indicated to you by 'akhawat' and 'hanawat' for those who returned it.

وإنما هي صيغة على حدة، ألحقوها الياء للإلحاق ثم أبدلوا التاء منها

It is rather a form on its own, they attached the 'yaa' for assimilation, then substituted the 'taa' from it.

وقالوا في تصغيره أبينون

And they said for its diminutive 'abainun'.

فصغره فقال أبين، ثم جمعه فقال أبينون

So he made it diminutive and said 'abain', then pluralized it and said 'abainun'.

كأن واحده إبن مقطوع الألف

As if its singular is 'ibn' with the 'alif' cut off.

وهو تصغير أبنى كأعمى وأعيم

And it is a diminutive of 'abnaa' like 'a'maa' and 'a'aim'.

وهو اسم مفرد يدل على الجمع

And it is a singular noun that indicates a plural.

وهذا يوجب أن يكون صيغة اللفظة في الحديث أبيني بوزن سريجي

And this necessitates that the form of the word in the hadith is 'abainai' on the pattern of 'sariji'.

والاسم البنوة

And the noun is 'al-bunūwah'.

والبنوة مصدر الابن

And 'al-bunūwah' is the masdar of 'al-ibn'.

ويقال: تبنيته أي ادعيت بنوته

And it is said: 'tabannaytuhu' meaning 'I claimed his sonship'.

تبناه: اتخذه ابنا

He adopted him: he took him as a son.

وهو تفعل من الابن

And it is a 'tafa''ul' form from 'al-ibn'.

والنسبة إلى الأبناء بنوي وأبناوي نحو الأعرابي

And the attribution to the sons is 'banawi' and 'abnawi' like 'al-arabi'.

يا بني ويا بني لغتان مثل يا أبت ويا أبت

'Ya bunai' and 'ya bunay' are two dialects like 'ya abati' and 'ya abati'.

وتصغير أبناء أبيناء، وإن شئت أبينون على غير مكبره

And the diminutive of 'abnaa'' is 'abinaa'', and if you wish, 'abainun' without its enlarged form.

والنسبة إلى ابن بنوي، وبعضهم يقول ابني

And the attribution to 'ibn' is 'banawi', and some say 'ibni'.

وكذلك إذا نسبت إلى أبناء فارس قلت بنوي

And likewise, if you attribute to 'abnaa' Fars, you say 'banawi'.

وأما قولهم أبناوي فإنما هو منسوب إلى أبناء سعد لأنه جعل اسما للحي أو للقبيلة

As for their saying 'abnawi', it is only attributed to 'Abnaa' Sa'd because it was made a name for the tribe or the clan.

وكذلك إذا نسبت إلى بنت أو إلى بنيات الطريق قلت بنوي

And likewise, if you attribute to 'bint' or to 'bunayyat al-tariq', you say 'banawi'.

رأيت بناتك، بالفتح، ويجرونه مجرى التاء الأصلية

I saw your daughters, with the fathah, and they treat it as an original 'taa'.

وبنيات الطريق: هي الطرق الصغار تتشعب من الجادة، وهي الترهات

And 'bunayyat al-tariq': they are the small roads that branch off from the main road, and they are the side paths.

والأبناء: قوم من أبناء فارس

And 'al-abnaa'': a people from the sons of Persia.

وأبناء فارس قوم من أولادهم ارتهنتهم العرب

And the sons of Persia are a people from their children whom the Arabs took as hostages.

ارتهنوا باليمن وغلب عليهم اسم الأبناء

They were taken hostage in Yemen, and the name 'al-abnaa'' prevailed over them.

والنسب إليهم على ذلك أبناوي في لغة بني سعد

And the attribution to them is 'abnawi' in the dialect of Banu Sa'd.

وكان من الأبناء

And he was among the Abnaa'.

الأبناء في الأصل جمع ابن

'Al-abnaa'' is originally the plural of 'ibn'.

ويقال لأولاد فارس الأبناء، وهم الذين أرسلهم كسرى مع سيف بن ذي يزن

And the children of Persia are called 'al-abnaa'', and they are those whom Khosrow sent with Sayf ibn Dhi Yazan.

فنصروه وملكوا اليمن وتديروها وتزوجوا في العرب فقيل لأولادهم الأبناء

So they supported him, ruled Yemen, managed it, and married into the Arab tribes, so their children were called 'al-abnaa''.

وابن ملاط العضد

And the son of the upper arm.

وابن مخدش رأس الكتف

And the son of Makhdush, the top of the shoulder.

وابن النعامة عظم الساق

And the son of the ostrich, the shin bone.

وابن النعامة محجة الطريق

And the son of the ostrich, the main road.

وابن النعامة الفرس الفارة

And the son of the ostrich, the fleeing horse.

وابن النعامة الساقي الذي يكون على رأس البئر

And the son of the ostrich, the water-carrier at the top of the well.

وابن بجدتها وابن بعثطها وابن سرسورها وابن ثراها وابن مدينتها وابن زوملتها أي العالم بها

And the son of its terrain, its soil, its roots, its land, its city, its pasture, meaning the one who knows it.

وابن زوملة أيضا ابن أمة

And 'ibn zumlah' is also the son of a slave woman.

وابن نفيلة ابن أمة

And 'ibn nafilah' is the son of a slave woman.

وابن تامورها العالم بها

And 'ibn tamūrihā' is the one who knows it.

وابن الفأرة الدرص

And 'ibn al-fa'rah' is the dormouse.

وابن السنور الدرص أيضا

And 'ibn al-sinnawr' is also the dormouse.

وابن الناقة البابوس

And 'ibn al-nāqah' is the young camel.

وابن الخلة ابن مخاض

And 'ibn al-khullah' is the son of a camel in its third year.

وابن عرس السرعوب

And 'ibn al-'irs' is the swift one.

وابن الجرادة السرو

And 'ibn al-jarādah' is the سرو.

وابن الليل اللص

And 'ibn al-layl' is the thief.

وابن الطريق اللص أيضا

And 'ibn al-tarīq' is also the thief.

وابن غبراء اللص أيضا

And 'ibn ghabrā'' is also the thief.

سموا بني غبراء للزوقهم بغبراء الأرض، وهو ترابها

They were named 'Banu Ghabrā'' due to their sticking to the dust of the earth, which is its soil.

وابن إلاهة وألاهة ضوء الشمس، وهو الضح

And 'ibn ilāhah' and 'ilāhah' is the light of the sun, which is the brightness.

وابن المزنة الهلال

And 'ibn al-muznah' is the crescent moon.