يزن

Root entry · 10 derived lemmas

This root primarily relates to the name of a Himyarite king, Dhu Yazan, and things attributed to him, particularly spears. It also touches upon the etymology of place names and personal names derived from this root, with discussions on grammatical declension and pronunciation variations.

Derived headwords

يَزِنname

1.
Dhu Yazanclassical
A king from the kings of Himyar to whom the Yazani spears are attributed. It is also suggested that Yazan is the name of a place in Yemen to which 'Dhu' (possessor of) is added.

يَزَنِيَّةadjective

1.
Yazaniclassical
An adjective referring to spears made for or associated with Dhu Yazan. This naming convention is compared to the naming of whips ('asbahiyyah) after Dhu Asbah.

الرماح اليزنية — the Yazani spears

رمح يزني — a Yazani spear

يَزْأَنِيّadjective

1.
Yazani (variant)classical
A variant pronunciation and form of the adjective 'Yazani', referring to spears associated with Dhu Yazan.

رمح يزأني — a Yazani spear (variant pronunciation)

أَزَنِيّadjective

1.
Yazani (variant)classical
Another variant pronunciation and form of the adjective 'Yazani', referring to spears associated with Dhu Yazan.

رمح أزني — a Yazani spear (variant pronunciation)

أَيْزَنِيّadjective

1.
Yazani (variant)classical
A further variant pronunciation and form of the adjective 'Yazani', referring to spears associated with Dhu Yazan.

الأيزني المثقف — the cultured Yazani (spear)

يَزْأَنِيّadjective

1.
Yazani (variant)classical
A variant pronunciation and form of the adjective 'Yazani', referring to spears associated with Dhu Yazan.

اليَزْأَنِيّ المُحَدْرَجَا — the descending Yazani (spear)

آزَنِيّadjective

1.
Yazani (variant)classical
A variant pronunciation and form of the adjective 'Yazani', referring to spears associated with Dhu Yazan.

ذو رعينname

1.
Dhu Ra'inclassical
A name, likely referring to a place or a person, similar in construction to Dhu Yazan, meaning 'possessor of Ra'in'. It is mentioned as a palace.

ذو جدنname

1.
Dhu Jadanclassical
A name, likely referring to a place or a person, similar in construction to Dhu Yazan, meaning 'possessor of Jadan'. It is mentioned as a palace.

يَزْأَنnoun

1.
Yazan (root form)classical
The original or root form from which 'Dhu Yazan' is derived, possibly referring to a place name.

Parallel reading

ذو يزن: ملك من ملوك حمير تنسب إليه الرماح اليزنية

Dhu Yazan: a king from the kings of Himyar to whom the Yazani spears are attributed.

ويزن اسم موضع باليمن أضيف إليه ذو

And Yazan is the name of a place in Yemen to which 'Dhu' was added.

ومثله ذو رعين وذو جدن أي صاحب رعين وصاحب جدن، وهما قصران

And like it is Dhu Ra'in and Dhu Jadan, meaning possessor of Ra'in and possessor of Jadan, and they are two palaces.

وأصله يزأن، بدليل قولهم رمح يزأني، وأزأني

And its origin is Yazan, as evidenced by their saying 'a Yazani spear' (yaz'ani) and 'az'ani'.

وقالوا أيضا أيزني، ووزنه عيفلي

And they also said 'ayzani', and its meter is 'ayfali'.

وقالوا آزني ووزنه عافلي

And they said 'azani', and its meter is 'aafili'.

قريناهم المأثورة البيض كلها، ... يثج العروق الأيزني المثقف

We matched them with all the inherited white ones, ... the cultured Yazani (spear) pierces the veins.

فإن تضحكي مني، فيا رب ليلة ... تركتك فيها كالقباء مفرجا رفعت برجليها، وطامنت رأسها، ... وسبسبت فيها اليزأني المحدرجا

If you laugh at me, then perhaps one night... I left you in it with an opening like a cloak, lifting with her legs, and lowering her head... and I made the descending Yazani (spear) pass through it.

إنما سميت الرماح يزنية لأن أول من عملت له ذو يزن

The spears were only named Yazani because Dhu Yazan was the first for whom they were made.

كما سميت السياط أصبحية، لأن أول من عملت له ذو أصبح الحميري

Just as the whips were named Asbahiyyah, because Dhu Asbah al-Himayri was the first for whom they were made.

إذا سميت رجلا بذي مال هل تغيره؟ قال: لا، ألا تراهم قالوا ذو يزن منصرفا فلم يغيروه؟

If you name a man with 'Dhu Mal' (possessor of wealth), do you change it? He said: No. Do you not see that they said 'Dhu Yazan' as a declined word and did not change it?

ويقال: رمح يزني وأزني، منسوب إلى ذي يزن أحد ملوك الأذواء من اليمن

And it is said: a Yazani spear and Azani, attributed to Dhu Yazan, one of the kings of the Adhwa' from Yemen.

وبعضهم يقول يزأني وأزأني

And some of them say Yaz'ani and Az'ani.