سين

Root entry · 12 derived lemmas

This entry discusses the Arabic letter 'س' (seen) as a phoneme and grammatical particle. It explores its usage in verb conjugations, its potential transformation into other letters by certain dialects, and its presence in place names and botanical terms, particularly related to Mount Sinai.

Derived headwords

السِّينnoun

1.
the letter seenboth
The Arabic letter 'س', a voiceless sibilant. It can be treated as masculine or feminine in Arabic grammar.
2.
future particleboth
A particle prefixed to a verb to indicate the future tense, as in 'سيفعل' (he will do).

سَيَفْعَلُverb

1.
he will doboth
The third-person masculine singular imperfect verb form, indicating a future action, prefixed with the particle 'سـ'.

النَّاسnoun

1.
peopleboth
The collective noun for human beings, mankind.

الأَكْيَاسnoun

1.
the clever onesclassical
Plural of 'كَيِّس' (kays), meaning intelligent, clever, or sensible people. In the context of the entry, it's presented as a dialectal pronunciation of 'الأكياس'.

سِينُهnoun

1.
his شعبةclassical
Literally 'his seen', referring metaphorically to a person's ' شعبة' (shu'bah), meaning a branch, division, or aspect of something, particularly in the context of skill or knowledge.

يسname

1.
Yasinboth
A chapter of the Quran (Surah Yasin), often interpreted as an address to the Prophet Muhammad or as a divine name.

المname

1.
Alif Lam Mimboth
A set of disconnected Arabic letters (Alif, Lam, Mim) that begin certain chapters of the Quran, their meaning being known only to God.

حمname

1.
Ha Mimboth
A set of disconnected Arabic letters (Ha, Mim) that begin certain chapters of the Quran, their meaning being known only to God.

طُور سِينِينname

1.
Mount Sinaiboth
A mountain mentioned in religious texts, specifically Mount Sinai. The name 'Sinai' is derived from the root 'س ي ن'.

سِينَاname

1.
Sinaiboth
A place name, often referring to Mount Sinai or the Sinai Peninsula. It is discussed in terms of its grammatical declension.

سِينِينnoun

1.
treesclassical
Plural of 'سينينية', referring to a type of tree, possibly associated with Mount Sinai.

السِّينِينِيَّةnoun

1.
a type of treeclassical
A singular noun referring to a specific type of tree, mentioned by Abu Hanifa.

Parallel reading

وهو حرف مهموس، يذكر ويؤنث، هذه سين وهذا سين

It is a voiceless letter, it is referred to as masculine and feminine; this is 'seen' (feminine) and this is 'seen' (masculine).

فمن أنث فعلى توهم الكلمة، ومن ذكر فعلى توهم الحرف

And whoever treats it as feminine does so by imagining it as a word, and whoever treats it as masculine does so by imagining it as the letter itself.

والسين من حرف الزيادات، وقد تخلص الفعل للاستقبال تقول سيفعل

And the 'seen' is one of the augmentative letters, and the verb is freed for the future, you say 'sayaf'alu' (he will do).

من العرب من يجعل السين تاء

Some of the Arabs make the 'seen' into a 'taa'.

يا قبح الله بني السعلاة، ... عمرو بن يربوع شرار النات، ليسوا أعفاء ولا أكيات

May God curse the offspring of the she-demon, ... Amr ibn Yarbu', the worst of people, they are not chaste nor clever.

يريد: الناس والأكياس

He means: people and the clever ones.

وقولهم فلان لا يحسن سينه

And their saying: 'So-and-so does not know his 'seen''.

يريدون شعبة من شعبه وهو ذو ثلاث شعب

They mean a branch of his branches, and it has three branches.

وقوله تعالى: يس ، كقوله عز وجل: الم*، حم*

And His saying, the Almighty: 'Yasin', like His saying, the Mighty: 'Alif Lam Mim', 'Ha Mim'.

معناه يا إنسان لأنه قال: إنك لمن المرسلين

Its meaning is 'O human' because He said: 'Indeed, you are from the messengers'.

وطور سينين وسينا وسيناء جبل بالشام

And 'Tur Sinin', 'Sina', and 'Sinai' are a mountain in the Levant.

فمن قرأ سيناء على وزن صحراء فإنها لا تنصرف

And whoever reads 'Sinai' on the pattern of 'Sahra' (desert), it is indeclinable.

ومن قرأ سيناء فهو على وزن علباء إلا أنه اسم للبقعة فلا ينصرف

And whoever reads 'Sinai' it is on the pattern of 'Alba', except that it is a name for the place, so it is indeclinable.

والسينينية: شجرة، حكاه أبو حنيفة عن الأخفش

And 'al-Sininiyyah' is a tree; Abu Hanifa narrated it from Al-Akhfash.

وجمعها سينين، قال: وزعم الأخفش أن طور سينين مضاف إليه

And its plural is 'Sinin'. He said: And Al-Akhfash claimed that 'Tur Sinin' is an إضافة (possessive construction) to it.

هو طور أضيف إلى سينا، وهي شجر

It is a mountain added to 'Sina', and it is trees.

وقرىء طور سيناء وسيناء، بالفتح والكسر، والفتح أجود في النحو لأنه بني على فعلاء

And it was read 'Tur Sinā'' and 'Sinā'', with fathah and kasrah, and the fathah is better in grammar because it is built on the pattern 'Fa'alaa'.