دخن

Root entry · 33 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns smoke, fumes, and the associated concepts of obscurity, corruption, and unpleasantness. It extends to describe things that are discolored, tainted, or have a bad smell, as well as metaphorical uses for hidden malice or strife.

Derived headwords

الدخنnoun

1.
Milletboth
A type of grain, specifically millet (Jawariss). The singular is 'dukhnah'.
2.
Smokeboth
Smoke, as in the smoke of fire. It can also refer to dust or haze.
3.
Discolorationclassical
A dullness or blackishness in color, like smoke.
4.
Maliceclassical
Hidden malice, strife, or a corrupting influence.

الدخانnoun

1.
Smokeboth
Smoke, fumes, or vapor, especially from fire. It can also refer to dust or haze.
2.
Droughtclassical
In the context of the Quran, it refers to a severe drought or famine where the sky appears hazy.

دخانnoun

1.
Smokeboth
The act or state of emitting smoke.

أدخنةnoun

1.
Smokesboth
Plural of 'dukhān', referring to multiple instances or types of smoke.

دواخنnoun

1.
Smokesboth
Plural of 'dukhān', used for smoke or haze.
2.
Ventsclassical
Openings or vents, particularly those made on ovens or pans.

دواخينnoun

1.
Smokesboth
Plural of 'dukhān', used for smoke or haze.

دخنتverb

1.
to emit smokeboth
The fire emitted smoke, or its smoke rose.
2.
to be taintedboth
Food or meat became tainted by smoke during cooking, affecting its taste and smell.
3.
to riseclassical
Dust rose and spread.

تدخنverb

1.
to emit smokeboth
The fire emitted smoke, or its smoke rose.
2.
to be taintedboth
Food or meat became tainted by smoke during cooking, affecting its taste and smell.
3.
to riseclassical
Dust rose and spread.

ادخنتverb

1.
to emit smokeboth
The fire emitted smoke, or its smoke rose.

دخناnoun

1.
Smokeboth
The act or state of emitting smoke.

دخوناnoun

1.
Smokeboth
The act or state of emitting smoke.

الدخنةnoun

1.
Incenseboth
A substance used to fumigate houses or clothes, like incense or perfume.
2.
Millet grainclassical
A single grain of millet.

تدخن بهاverb

1.
to fumigate withboth
To fumigate with incense or a similar substance.

دخن غيرهverb

1.
to fumigate someone/somethingboth
To fumigate someone or something with incense.

الدواخنnoun

1.
Ventsclassical
Openings or vents, particularly those made on ovens or pans.

الداخنةnoun

1.
Ventsclassical
Openings or vents, particularly those made on ovens or pans.

دخنتverb

1.
to riseclassical
Dust rose and spread.

الدخنnoun

1.
Murkinessclassical
A dullness or blackishness in color, like smoke.

أدخنadjective

1.
Dark-coloredclassical
Having a dull, dark, or smoky color.

دخناءadjective

1.
Dark-coloredclassical
Having a dull, dark, or smoky color.

الدخنnoun

1.
Maliceclassical
Hidden malice, strife, or a corrupting influence.

الدخنnoun

1.
Smokeboth
The act or state of emitting smoke, especially from damp wood.

دخناnoun

1.
Smokeboth
The act or state of emitting smoke, especially from damp wood.

دخناnoun

1.
Murkinessclassical
A dullness or blackishness in color, like smoke.

دخناnoun

1.
Maliceclassical
Hidden malice, strife, or a corrupting influence.

دخناnoun

1.
Bad characterclassical
A person of corrupt or bad character.

داخنadjective

1.
Bad characterclassical
A person of corrupt or bad character.

الدخنانnoun

1.
Sparrowsclassical
A type of bird, specifically sparrows.

أبو دخنةname

1.
Lark-like birdclassical
A bird whose color resembles that of a lark or a dove.

ابنا دخانname

1.
Ghany and Bahilaclassical
Two tribes, Ghany and Bahila, referred to as 'the two sons of Dukhan'.

ابنا دخانname

1.
Two mountainsclassical
Two mountains associated with the tribes Ghany and Bahila.

دخناverb

1.
to be badclassical
His disposition, religion, or intellect became corrupted or bad.

دخناverb

1.
to be badclassical
His disposition, religion, or intellect became corrupted or bad.

Parallel reading

الدخن: الجاورس، وفي المحكم: حب الجاورس، واحدته دخنة.

Al-Dukhn: millet, and in Al-Muḥkam: the grain of millet, its singular is dukhnah.

والدخان: العثان، دخان النار معروف، وجمعه أدخنة ودواخن ودواخين.

And ad-dukhān: haze, the smoke of fire is known, and its plurals are adkhinah, dawākhin, and dawākhīn.

ودخن الدخان دخونا إذا سطع.

And the smoke emitted smoke (dukhūnan) when it rose.

ودخنت النار تدخن وتدخن «2». دخانا ودخونا: ارتفع دخانها.

And the fire emitted smoke (tadkhunu and tadkhunu). Dukhānan and dukhūnan: its smoke rose.

وادخنت مثله على افتعلت.

And iddakhanat is like it, on the pattern of ifta'alat.

ودخنت تدخن دخنا: ألقي عليها حطب فأفسدت حتى هاج لذلك دخان شديد، وكذلك دخن الطعام واللحم وغيره دخنا، فهو دخن إذا أصابه الدخان في حال شيه أو طبخه حتى تغلب رائحته على طعمه.

And it emitted smoke (tadkhunu) dakhnan: fuel was thrown on it and it produced intense smoke, and likewise food, meat, and other things became tainted (dukhina) dakhnan, so it is tainted (dukhin) if smoke affects it during roasting or cooking until its smell overcomes its taste.

ودخن الطبيخ إذا تدخنت القدر.

And the cooking is tainted (dukhina) if the pot is smoked.

وشراب دخن: متغير الرائحة.

And a drink that is dukhin: has a changed smell.

تباري الزجاج، مغاويرها ... شماطيط في رهج كالدخن.

Its turbulent waters ... scattered in dust like smoke.

وليلة دخنانة: كأنما تغشاها دخان من شدة حرها.

And a dukhnnah night: as if smoke covers it due to its intense heat.

ويوم دخنان: سخنان.

And a dukhnnān day: hot.

يوم تأتي السماء بدخان مبين ؛ أي بجدب بين.

The Day when the sky brings a clear smoke; meaning, a clear drought.

يقال: إن الجائع كان يرى بينه وبين السماء دخانا من شدة الجوع.

It is said: the hungry person would see smoke between him and the sky due to intense hunger.

ويقال: بل قيل للجوع دخان ليبس الأرض في الجدب وارتفاع الغبار، فشبه غبرتها بالدخان؛ ومنه قيل لسنة المجاعة: غبراء، وجوع أغبر.

And it is said: rather, hunger was called smoke because of the dryness of the land in drought and the rising of dust, so its dust was likened to smoke; hence the year of famine was called ghubrā', and hunger aghbar.

وربما وضعت العرب الدخان موضع الشر إذا علا فيقولون: كان بيننا أمر ارتفع له دخان، وقد قيل: إن الدخان قد مضى.

And sometimes the Arabs used 'smoke' to mean evil when it escalated, saying: there was an affair between us that raised smoke, and it has been said: the smoke has passed.

والدخنة: كالذريرة يدخن بها البيوت.

And ad-dukhnah: like a powder with which houses are fumigated.

وفي المحكم: الدخنة بخور يدخن به الثياب أو البيت، وقد تدخن بها ودخن غيره؛ قال: آليت لا أدفن قتلاكم، ... فدخنوا المرء وسرباله.

And in Al-Muḥkam: ad-dukhnah is incense with which clothes or the house are fumigated, and one may fumigate with it and fumigate others; he said: I swear I will not bury your dead, ... so they fumigated the man and his garment.

والدواخن: الكوى التي تتخذ على الأتونات والمقالي.

And ad-dawākhin: the vents made on ovens and pans.

والتهذيب: الداخنة كوى فيها إردبات تتخذ على المقالي والأتونات؛ وأنشد «1». كمثل الدواخن فوق الإرينا

And At-Tahdhib: ad-dākhinah are vents in which there are small openings made on pans and ovens; and he recited: like the vents above the hearth.

ودخن الغبار دخونا: سطع وارتفع؛ ومنه قول الشاعر: استلحم الوحش على أكسائها ... أهوج محضير، إذا النقع دخن.

And dust emitted smoke (dukhūnan): it rose and ascended; and from this is the poet's saying: the wild beasts were hunted on their hides ... a wild, swift one, when the dust rose.

والدخنة من لون الأدخن: كدرة في سواد كالدخان دخن دخنا، وهو أدخن.

And ad-dukhnah from the color al-adkhin: a murkiness in blackness like smoke, it became smoky (dukhina), and it is adkhin.

وكبش أدخن وشاة دخناء بينة الدخن؛ قال رؤبة: مرت كظهر الصرصران الأدخن.

And a ram that is adkhin and a ewe that is dakhnā', clearly dakhn; Ru'bah said: she passed like the back of the adkhin sea fish.

وليلة دخنانة: شديدة الحر والغم.

And a dukhnnah night: intensely hot and oppressive.

ويوم دخنان: سخنان.

And a dukhnnān day: hot.

والدخن: الحقد.

And ad-dukhn: malice.

وفي الحديث: أنه ذكر فتنة فقال: دخنها من تحت قدمي رجل من أهل بيتي ؛ يعني ظهورها وإثارتها، شبهها بالدخان المرتفع.

And in the Hadith: he mentioned a trial and said: its malice (dukhnahā) is from under the feet of a man from my household; meaning its appearance and incitement, likening it to rising smoke.

وفي حديث الفتنة: هدنة على دخن وجماعة على أقذاء ؛ قال أبو عبيد: قوله هدنة على دخن تفسيره في الحديث لا ترجع قلوب قوم على ما كانت عليه أي لا يصفو بعضها لبعض ولا ينصع حبها كالكدورة التي في لون الدابة، وقيل: هدنة على دخن أي سكون لعلة لا للصلح؛ قال ابن الأثير: شبهها بدخان الحطب الرطب لما بينهم من الفساد الباطن تحت الصلاح الظاهر، وأصل الدخن أن يكون في لون الدابة أو الثوب كدرة إلى سواد؛ قال المعطل الهذلي يصف سيفا: لين حسام لا يليق ضريبة، ... في متنه دخن وأثر أحلس.

And in the Hadith about the trial: a truce with underlying malice (dukhnin) and unity with impurities; Abu Ubayd said: his saying 'a truce with malice' is explained in the Hadith as 'the hearts of people do not return to what they were', meaning they do not become pure for each other nor does their love become clear, like the murkiness in the color of an animal, and it was said: 'a truce with malice' means a pause due to an underlying cause, not a peace; Ibn Al-Athir said: he likened it to the smoke of damp wood due to the hidden corruption among them beneath the apparent righteousness, and the origin of 'dukhn' is a murkiness towards blackness in the color of an animal or garment; Al-Mu'aṭṭil Al-Hudhali said describing a sword: a soft blade that does not incur damage, ... on its body is murkiness (dukhnun) and the trace of a saddle-cloth.

قوله: دخن يعني كدورة إلى السواد؛ قال: ولا أحسبه إلا من الدخان، وهذا شبيه بلون الحديد، قال: فوجهه أنه يقول تكون القلوب هكذا لا يصفو بعضها لبعض ولا ينصع حبها كما كانت، وإن لم تكن فيهم فتنة، وقيل: الدخن فرند السيف في قول الهذلي.

His saying: 'dukhnun' means murkiness towards blackness; he said: and I do not think it is except from smoke, and this is similar to the color of iron, he said: its meaning is that hearts become like this, not pure for each other nor their love clear as it was, even if there is no trial among them, and it was said: 'ad-dukhn' is the spark of a sword according to Al-Hudhali.

وقال شمر: يقال للرجل إذا كان خبيث الخلق إنه لدخن الخلق؛ وقال قعنب: وقد علمت على أني أعاشرهم، ... لا نفتأ الدهر إلا بيننا دخن.

And Shamir said: it is said of a man if he has a corrupt disposition that he is of a corrupt disposition (dukhin al-khalq); and Qanab said: And I know that I associate with them, ... we always have malice (dukhnun) between us.

ودخن خلقه دخنا، فهو دخن وداخن: ساء وفسد وخبث.

And his disposition became corrupted (dukhina) dakhnan, so he is corrupted (dukhin) and corrupting (dākhin): it became bad, corrupt, and evil.

ورجل دخن الحسب والدين والعقل: متغيرهن.

And a man whose lineage, religion, or intellect is dukhin: is corrupted.

والدخنان: ضرب من العصافير.

And ad-dukhnān: a type of sparrow.

وأبو دخنة: طائر يشبه لونه لون القبرة.

And Abu dukhnah: a bird whose color resembles that of a lark.

وابنا دخان: غني وباهلة؛ وأنشد ابن بري للأخطل: تعوذ نساؤهم بابني دخان، ... ولولا ذاك أبن مع الرفاق.

And Ibnā Dukhan: Ghany and Bahila; and Ibn Barray recited for Al-Ahtal: Their women seek refuge with Ibnā Dukhan, ... and if not for that, they would be among the companions.

قال: يريد غنيا وباهلة؛ قال: وقال الفرزدق يهجو الأصم الباهلي: أأجعل دارما كابني دخان، ... وكانا في الغنيمة كالركاب.

He said: he means Ghany and Bahila; he said: and Al-Farazdaq said, satirizing Al-Aṣamm Al-Bāhilī: Shall I make Dārim like Ibnā Dukhan, ... and they were like mounts in the spoils.

والعرب تقول لغني وباهلة بنو دخان؛ قال الطرماح: يا عجبا ليشكر إذ أعدت، ... لتنصرهم، رواة بني دخان.

And the Arabs call Ghany and Bahila 'Banu Dukhan'; At-Ṭirmāḥ said: Oh, how strange that Yashkur was prepared, ... to support them, the narrators of Banu Dukhan.

وقيل: سموا به لأنهم دخنوا على قوم في غار فقتلوهم، وحكى ابن بري أنهم إنما سموا بذلك لأنه غزاهم ملك من اليمن، فدخل هو وأصحابه في كهف، فنذرت بهم غني وباهلة فأخذوا باب الكهف ودخنوا عليهم حتى ماتوا، قال: ويقال ابنا دخان جبلا غني وباهلة.

And it is said: they were named so because they smoked out (dukhkhanū) a people in a cave and killed them, and Ibn Barray narrated that they were named so because a king from Yemen attacked them, and he and his companions entered a cave, and Ghany and Bahila discovered them, so they blocked the cave entrance and smoked them out (dukhkhanū) until they died, he said: and Ibnā Dukhan are said to be two mountains of Ghany and Bahila.