حلن

Root entry · 5 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with young sheep and goats, specifically newborns or very young ones. It also extends to concepts of something being permissible or lawful, particularly in the context of ritual slaughter and pre-Islamic customs.

Derived headwords

الحَلَانnoun

1.
Kid (young goat)both
A young male goat, often specifically one that is very young or difficult to birth.
2.
Lamb (young sheep)both
A young sheep, particularly a small or young lamb.
3.
Young of sheep/goatsclassical
Generally refers to the young offspring of sheep and goats.
4.
Permissible/lawful (by marking)classical
Refers to an animal, especially a newborn lamb or kid, that was ritually marked in pre-Islamic times to be considered lawful for consumption if it died.
5.
Worthless/insignificantclassical
Implies something is of little value or importance, like a small, young animal not suitable for sacrifice.
6.
Permitted/allowedclassical
Meaning 'lawful' or 'permitted', often in the context of consumption after a specific ritual or condition.

فداك كل ضئيل الجسم مختشع ... وسط المقامة، يرعى الضأن أحيانا تهدى إليه ذراع الجدي تكرمة، ... إما ذبيحا، وإما كان حلانا. — May I be sacrificed for you, every small, timid one ... in the gathering, sometimes herding sheep. A foreleg of a kid is presented to him as an honor, ... either a sacrificed one, or a newborn one.

والحلان: الجدي الصغير ولا يصلح للنسك ولا للذبح — And al-ḥalān: the small kid, and it is not suitable for sacrifice nor for slaughter.

الحَلَامnoun

1.
Young of sheep/goatsboth
Refers to the young offspring of sheep and goats, synonymous with 'ḥalān'.
2.
Kid (young goat)classical
A young goat.
3.
Lamb (young sheep)classical
A young sheep.

والذبيح: الكبير الذي قد أدرك أن يضحى به وصلح أن يذبح للنسك. والحلان: الجدي الصغير ولا يصلح للنسك ولا للذبح، وقيل: الذكي الذي مات، وإنما جاز أكله بعد موته لأنه لما ولد جعل في أذنه حز، على ما نشرحه؛ قال الجوهري: وإن جعلته من الحلال فهو فعلان، والميم مبدلة منه؛ وقال الأصمعي: الحلام والحلان، بالميم والنون، صغار الغنم. — And the sacrificed: the large one that has reached the age for sacrifice and is fit to be slaughtered for ritual. And al-ḥalān: the small kid, and it is not suitable for sacrifice nor for slaughter, and it is said: the one that died naturally. It was permissible to eat it after its death because when it was born, a cut was made in its ear, as we will explain; Jawhari said: And if you derive it from al-ḥalāl, it is faʿlān, with the mīm substituted from it; and al-Aṣmaʿī said: al-ḥalām and al-ḥalān, with mīm and nūn, are young sheep.

وفي حديث عمر، رضي الله عنه: أنه قضى في فداء الأرنب، إذا قتله المحرم، بحلان ، هو الحلام، وقد فسر في الحديث أنه الحمل. — And in the hadith of Umar, may Allah be pleased with him: he ruled regarding the ransom for a rabbit killed by a pilgrim in the state of iḥrām, with ḥalān, which is al-ḥalām, and it was explained in the hadith that it is a lamb.

حَلَّانnoun

1.
Permitted/lawfulclassical
Meaning 'lawful' or 'permitted', often in the context of consumption after a specific ritual or condition.
2.
Worthless/insignificantclassical
Implies something is of little value or importance, like a small, young animal not suitable for sacrifice.

كل قتيل في كليب حلان، ... حتى ينال القتل آل شيبان. ويروى: حلام وآل همام، ومعنى حلان هدر وفرغ. — Every slain person in the case of Kulayb is ḥalān, ... until the family of Shaybān achieves vengeance. And it is narrated: ḥalām and the family of Hammām, and the meaning of ḥalān is 'wasted' and 'finished'.

حَلَّانnoun

1.
Permitted/lawfulclassical
Meaning 'lawful' or 'permitted', often in the context of consumption after a specific ritual or condition.
2.
Worthless/insignificantclassical
Implies something is of little value or importance, like a small, young animal not suitable for sacrifice.

وفي حديث عثمان، رضي الله عنه: أنه قضى في أم حبين يقتلها المحرم بحلان ، والحديث الآخر: ذبح عثمان كما يذبح الحلان أي أن دمه أبطل كما يبطل دم الحلان. — And in the hadith of Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him: he ruled regarding Umm Ḥubbayn killed by a pilgrim in the state of iḥrām, with ḥalān, and the other hadith: Uthman slaughtered as al-ḥalān is slaughtered, meaning his blood was rendered invalid just as the blood of al-ḥalān is rendered invalid.

حَلَّانnoun

1.
Lizardclassical
A term used for a lizard.

الجوهري: ويقال في الضب حلان، وفي اليربوع جفرة. — Jawhari: And ḥalān is said for the lizard, and jafrat for the jerboa.

Parallel reading

الحلان: الجدي، وقيل: هو الجدي الذي يشق عليه بطن أمه فيخرج؛

Al-ḥalān: the kid, and it is said: it is the kid that its mother's belly is split open for it to come out;

قال الجوهري: هو فعال مبدل من حلام، وهما بمعنى؛

Jawhari said: it is faʿʿāl substituted from ḥalām, and they are synonymous;

فداك كل ضئيل الجسم مختشع ... وسط المقامة، يرعى الضأن أحيانا تهدى إليه ذراع الجدي تكرمة، ... إما ذبيحا، وإما كان حلانا.

May I be sacrificed for you, every small, timid one ... in the gathering, sometimes herding sheep. A foreleg of a kid is presented to him as an honor, ... either a sacrificed one, or a newborn one.

يريد: أن الذراع لا تهدى إلا لمهين ساقط لقلتها وحقارتها، وروي: إما ذكيا، وإما كان حلانا.

He means: that the foreleg is not presented except to someone lowly and fallen due to its scarcity and insignificance, and it is narrated: either a naturally deceased one, or a newborn one.

والذبيح: الكبير الذي قد أدرك أن يضحى به وصلح أن يذبح للنسك.

And the sacrificed: the large one that has reached the age for sacrifice and is fit to be slaughtered for ritual.

والحلان: الجدي الصغير ولا يصلح للنسك ولا للذبح، وقيل: الذكي الذي مات، وإنما جاز أكله بعد موته لأنه لما ولد جعل في أذنه حز، على ما نشرحه؛

And al-ḥalān: the small kid, and it is not suitable for sacrifice nor for slaughter, and it is said: the one that died naturally. It was permissible to eat it after its death because when it was born, a cut was made in its ear, as we will explain;

قال الجوهري: وإن جعلته من الحلال فهو فعلان، والميم مبدلة منه؛

Jawhari said: And if you derive it from al-ḥalāl, it is faʿlān, with the mīm substituted from it;

وقال الأصمعي: الحلام والحلان، بالميم والنون، صغار الغنم.

And al-Aṣmaʿī said: al-ḥalām and al-ḥalān, with mīm and nūn, are young sheep.

وقال اللحياني: الحلان الحمل الصغير يعني الخروف،

And al-Laḥyānī said: al-ḥalān is the small lamb, meaning the young sheep,

وقيل: الحلان لغة في الحلام كأن أحد الحرفين بدل من صاحبه، قال: فإن كان ذلك فهو ثلاثي.

And it is said: al-ḥalān is a dialectal variant of al-ḥalām, as if one of the letters is substituted for the other, he said: if that is the case, then it is triliteral.

وفي حديث عمر، رضي الله عنه: أنه قضى في فداء الأرنب، إذا قتله المحرم، بحلان ، هو الحلام، وقد فسر في الحديث أنه الحمل.

And in the hadith of Umar, may Allah be pleased with him: he ruled regarding the ransom for a rabbit killed by a pilgrim in the state of iḥrām, with ḥalān, which is al-ḥalām, and it was explained in the hadith that it is a lamb.

الأصمعي: ولد المعزى حلام وحلان.

Al-Aṣmaʿī: The offspring of goats are ḥalām and ḥalān.

ابن الأعرابي: الحلام والحلان واحد، وهما ما يولد من الغنم صغيرا، وهو الذي يخطون على أذنه إذا ولد خطا فيقولون ذكيناه، فإن مات أكلوه.

Ibn al-Aʿrābī: al-ḥalām and al-ḥalān are one, and they are what is born from sheep as young, and it is what they mark on its ear when it is born with a mark, saying 'we have ritually slaughtered it', so if it dies, they eat it.

وقال أبو سعيد: ذكر أن أهل الجاهلية كانوا إذا ولدوا شاة عمدوا إلى السخلة فشرطوا أذنها وقالوا وهم يشرطون: حلان حلان أي حلال بهذا الشرط أن تؤكل، فإن ماتت كان ذكاتها عندهم ذلك الشرط الذي تقدم، وهو معنى قول ابن أحمر، قال: وسمي حلانا إذا حل من الربق فأقبل وأدبر، ونونه زائدة، ووزنه فعلان لا فعال.

And Abū Saʿīd said: It is mentioned that the people of the Jahiliyyah, when a sheep was born to them, they would go to the lamb and make a cut in its ear, and they would say while making the cut: ḥalān ḥalān, meaning lawful by this condition to be eaten, so if it died, its ritual slaughter for them was that prior condition, and this is the meaning of Ibn Aḥmar's saying, he said: and it is named ḥalān when it is freed from the tether and moves forward and backward, and its nūn is extra, and its weight is faʿlān, not faʿʿāl.

وفي حديث عثمان، رضي الله عنه: أنه قضى في أم حبين يقتلها المحرم بحلان ، والحديث الآخر: ذبح عثمان كما يذبح الحلان أي أن دمه أبطل كما يبطل دم الحلان.

And in the hadith of Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him: he ruled regarding Umm Ḥubbayn killed by a pilgrim in the state of iḥrām, with ḥalān, and the other hadith: Uthman slaughtered as al-ḥalān is slaughtered, meaning his blood was rendered invalid just as the blood of al-ḥalān is rendered invalid.

الجوهري: ويقال في الضب حلان، وفي اليربوع جفرة.

Jawhari: And ḥalān is said for the lizard, and jafrat for the jerboa.

وقال أبو عبيدة في الحلان: إن أهل الجاهلية كان أحدهم إذا ولد له جدي حز في أذنه حزا وقال: اللهم إن عاش فقني، وإن مات فذكي، فإن عاش فهو الذي أراد، وإن مات قال قد ذكيته بالحز فاستجاز أكله بذلك؛

And Abū ʿUbaydah said about al-ḥalān: The people of the Jahiliyyah, when a kid was born to one of them, they would make a cut in its ear and say: O Allah, if it lives, protect me, and if it dies, then it is ritually slaughtered. If it lived, it was as he wished, and if it died, he would say 'I have ritually slaughtered it with the cut', thus making it permissible to eat it;

كل قتيل في كليب حلان، ... حتى ينال القتل آل شيبان.

Every slain person in the case of Kulayb is ḥalān, ... until the family of Shaybān achieves vengeance.

ومعنى حلان هدر وفرغ.

And the meaning of ḥalān is 'wasted' and 'finished'.