هشم

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

The root 'hashama' (هشم) primarily denotes the act of breaking, crushing, or shattering, particularly brittle or dry objects like bones, skulls, or dry plants. It extends to concepts of severe injury, the state of being broken and dry, and metaphorically, generosity and weakness.

Derived headwords

هَشَمَverb

1.
to break, crushboth
To break something hollow and dry, or specifically to break bones, the skull, or the face. It can also refer to breaking dry plants.

هشمه يهشمه هشما — He broke it, breaking it, breaking.

هشمت أنفه إذا كسرت القصبة — You break his nose if you break the cartilage.

هَشْمnoun

1.
breaking, crushingboth
The act of breaking or crushing, as described in the verb.
2.
milkingclassical
The act of milking a she-camel.
3.
soft mountainsclassical
Soft mountains.
4.
fertile groundclassical
Fertile ground with soft, low-lying areas.
5.
barren landclassical
Barren land.

الهشم: كسرك الشيء الأجوف واليابس — Al-hashm: your breaking of something hollow and dry.

الهشم: الكسر — Al-hashm: the breaking.

الهشم: الحلب — Al-hashm: milking.

الهشم: الجبال الرخوة — Al-hashm: soft mountains.

الهشم الأرض المجدبة — Al-hashm: barren land.

مَهْشُومadjective

1.
broken, crushedboth
Something that has been broken or crushed.

هَشِيمnoun

1.
dry, broken plantsboth
Dry, broken, and crushed plants, or a withered, old tree that can be easily gathered.
2.
remnants of the past yearclassical
What remains from the previous year, referring to dry vegetation.
3.
withered treeclassical
A dry, withered tree.

فأصبح هشيما — So they became like dry, broken stubble.

والهشيم: النبت اليابس المتكسر — And al-hashim: the dry, broken plant.

والهشيم: الذي بقي من عام أول — And al-hashim: what remained from the previous year.

الهَشِيمَةnoun

1.
dry, withered treeclassical
A dry, withered tree, often used metaphorically.
2.
generous personclassical
A generous and accommodating person, metaphorically derived from a dry tree that is easily taken from.
3.
withered landclassical
Land whose trees have dried up and blackened but remain standing.

وما فلان إلا هشيمة كرم — And so-and-so is nothing but a withered tree of generosity.

والهشيمة: الأرض التي يبس شجرها حتى اسود غير أنها قائمة على يبسها — And al-hashimah: the land whose trees have dried up until they blackened, yet they remain standing on their dryness.

انهشمverb

1.
to be broken, shatteredboth
To become broken or shattered, often used for brittle objects.
2.
to collapse, weakenclassical
To collapse or weaken, used for camels.

وهشمه وقد انهشم — And he broke it, and it became broken.

انهشمت الإبل فتهشمت — The camels collapsed and became weak.

تهشمverb

1.
to break, shatterboth
To break or shatter, often used for dry trees.
2.
to be broken, weakboth
To become broken or weak.
3.
to appease, softenclassical
To appease someone, to soften them, or to seek favor.

تهشم الشجر تهشما إذا تكسر من يبسه — The trees break, breaking, when they shatter from their dryness.

انهشمت الإبل فتهشمت — The camels collapsed and became weak.

إذا تهشمته للنائل اختالا — When you seek favor from him for a gift, he becomes proud.

تهشم عليه فلان إذا تعطف — So-and-so became soft towards him when he showed compassion.

تهشمته للمعروف وتهضمته إذا طلبته عنده — You sought favor from him for a good deed and entreated him when you sought it from him.

إذا أغضبتكم فتهشموني — If I anger you, then appease me.

الهاشمةnoun

1.
skull-fracturing woundclassical
A severe wound that fractures the bone, specifically the skull.

والهاشمة: شجة تهشم العظم — And al-hashimah: a wound that fractures the bone.

هشامname

1.
male given nameboth
A male given name, derived from the root meaning 'breaking'.

هاشمname

1.
male given nameboth
A male given name, famously borne by the ancestor of the Prophet Muhammad, who was known for breaking bread for his guests.

ومننه هاشم بن عبد مناف أبو المطلب جد النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، كان يسمى عمرا وهو أول من ثرد الثريد وهشمه فسمي هاشما — And among them is Hashim bin Abd Manaf, the grandfather of the Prophet, peace be upon him, whose name was Amr, and he was the first to prepare tharid and break it for his people, so he was named Hashim.

هَشِيمname

1.
male given nameclassical
A male given name, derived from the root meaning 'breaking'.

هَيْشَمَانname

1.
male given nameclassical
A male given name, derived from the root meaning 'breaking'.

هَشِيمname

1.
male given nameclassical
A male given name, derived from the root meaning 'breaking'.

مُهَشَّمَةname

1.
place nameclassical
A place name.

يا رب بيضاء على مهشمه — O Lord, a fair one on Muhashamah.

هَشُومnoun

1.
fertile groundclassical
Fertile ground with soft, low-lying areas.

ومن بواطن الأرض المنبتة الهشوم، واحدها هشم، وهو ما تصوب من لين ورقه — And among the fertile bottoms of the earth are al-hashum, singular is hashm, which is what slopes down with the softness of its leaves.

رجل هشيمadjective phrase

1.
weak-bodied manclassical
A man who is weak in body.

ورجل هشيم: ضعيف البدن — And a hashim man: weak of body.

ناقة مهشامadjective phrase

1.
fast-wasting she-camelclassical
A she-camel that quickly becomes thin.

وناقة مهشام: سريعة الهزال — And a muhasham she-camel: fast in emaciation.

الهشمةnoun

1.
oryxclassical
An oryx (a type of antelope).

والهشمة: الأروية، وجمعها هشمات — And al-hashmah: the oryx, and its plural is hashamat.

أهشامnoun

1.
very old manclassical
A very old man.

ويقال للرجل الهرم: إنه لهشم أهشام — And it is said of an old man: he is a hashm, an asham.

Parallel reading

الهشم: كسرك الشيء الأجوف واليابس

Al-hashm: your breaking of something hollow and dry.

هشمت أنفه إذا كسرت القصبة

You break his nose if you break the cartilage.

جرح وجه رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، وهشمت البيضة على رأسه

The face of the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, was wounded, and the helmet on his head was crushed.

وهشم الثريد

And he broke the tharid (a dish of crumbled bread soaked in broth).

عمرو العلا هشم الثريد لقومه

Amr al-'Ula broke the tharid for his people.

ولبنا محضا وخبزا هشما

And pure milk and broken bread.

طويل النجاد، غير هار ولا هشم

Tall of stature, neither fleeing nor broken.

والهاشمة: شجة تهشم العظم

And al-hashimah: a wound that fractures the bone.

والريح تهشم اليبيس من الشجر: تكسره

And the wind breaks the dry wood of the trees: it crushes it.

فأصبح هشيما

So they became like dry, broken stubble.

وما فلان إلا هشيمة كرم

And so-and-so is nothing but a withered tree of generosity.

وإن الأرض البالية تهشم أي تكسر إذا وطئت عليها نفسها لا شجرها، وشجرها أيضا إذا يبس يتهشم أي يتكسر

And the barren land breaks, meaning it cracks, when it is trodden upon, not its trees, and its trees also, when they dry, they break, meaning they crack.

فكانوا كهشيم المحتظر

So they became like the dry, broken stubble of one who gathers it.

فكانوا كالهشيم الذي يجمعه صاحب الحظيرة

So they were like the dry stubble that the owner of the enclosure gathers.

وصارت الأرض هشيما أي صار ما عليها من النبات والشجر قد يبس وتكسر

And the land became like dry stubble, meaning what was on it of plants and trees had dried up and broken.

انهشمت الإبل فتهشمت

The camels collapsed and became weak.

إذا تهشمته للنائل اختالا

When you seek favor from him for a gift, he becomes proud.

وهشم الناقة هشما: حلبها

And he milked the she-camel, milking: he milked her.

وترى الأرض هامدة، قال: تراها غبراء متهشمة

And you see the earth barren. He said: you see it dusty and cracked.

أمرتك، يا رياح، بأمر حزم ... فقلت: هشيمة من أهل نجد

I commanded you, O Rayah, with a firm command... And you said: 'A withered thing from the people of Najd'.