نشم

Root entry · 16 derived lemmas

This root primarily relates to specific types of trees and plants, particularly those used for making bows. It also extends to meanings of subtle changes, such as the beginning of spoilage in meat, the appearance of spots, or the initial stages of understanding or involvement in something. Additionally, it is associated with a metaphorical concept of ill omen, often linked to a specific perfume.

Derived headwords

النَّشَمnoun

1.
Mountain tree for bowsboth
A type of mountain tree from which bows are made, considered to be from old, sturdy wood.

نَشَمَةnoun

1.
A single plant of nashamclassical
The singular form of 'nasham', referring to a single plant of the tree used for making bows.
2.
Spotting on the heartclassical
A description of spotting or speckling on the heart, similar to freckles or blemishes.

نَشِمadjective

1.
Spotted (animal)classical
Describing an animal, particularly a bull, that has white and black spots.

نَشِمَverb

1.
To begin to spoilclassical
Referring to meat that has begun to change and develop an unpleasant smell, but has not yet reached the stage of full putrefaction.
2.
To be spottedclassical
To have spots, particularly referring to the appearance of white and black spots on an animal.

تَنشِيمnoun

1.
Beginning of spoilageclassical
The process or state of meat beginning to change in smell, not yet fully rotten but unpleasantly altered.
2.
Beginning of involvementclassical
The act of getting involved or starting to engage in something, often something negative or problematic.
3.
Beginning of somethingclassical
The initial stage or commencement of any matter or activity.

نَشَّمَverb

1.
To begin to spoilclassical
To cause meat to begin to change in smell, indicating the onset of spoilage.
2.
To begin inclassical
To start or initiate something, often used in the context of getting involved in a matter.
3.
To find fault withclassical
To criticize, attack, or find fault with someone or something.

مُنَشِّمadjective

1.
Beginning to changeclassical
Describing something, particularly meat, that has started to change and develop an unpleasant smell.
2.
Beginning to spoilclassical
Indicating the initial stage of spoilage or deterioration.

تَنَشَّمَverb

1.
To gain knowledgeclassical
To acquire or gain knowledge or understanding from someone or something.
2.
To begin inclassical
To start or begin to engage in something.

نَشَبَverb

1.
To become entangledclassical
To become involved or entangled in something, often a problematic situation.
2.
To attackclassical
To attack, criticize, or find fault with someone.

نَشَمَverb

1.
To begin inclassical
To start or begin something, as stated by Al-Lihyani.
2.
To attain fromclassical
To gain or attain something from someone, or to criticize them.

نَشَمَverb

1.
To begin to appearclassical
To start to become visible or apparent, used metaphorically for the dawn appearing in the night's darkness.

نَشَمَتْverb

1.
To spring up with waterclassical
Describing land that has begun to yield or spring up with water.

المِنْشَمnoun

1.
Perfume ingredientclassical
A type of fragrant seed or grain from the 'itr plant, difficult to grind.
2.
Perfume substanceclassical
A substance found in the ear of the 'itr plant, called 'rawq' by perfumers, described as a potent poison.
3.
Ill-omened perfumeclassical
A perfume associated with ill fortune and war, named after a woman or a substance that brought bad luck.

مِنْشَمname

1.
Woman's name (perfumer)classical
A woman from Hamdan, or Himyar, or Mecca, who was a perfumer. Her perfume became a symbol of ill omen and intense conflict.

عِطْرُ مَنْشَمname

1.
Ill-omened perfumeclassical
A proverbial perfume associated with extreme misfortune and war, named after a perfumer whose scent was believed to incite conflict.

البَيْشnoun

1.
Poisonous plant partclassical
A substance from the pods of certain plants, considered a potent poison, sometimes equated with 'Minsham'.

Parallel reading

يأوي إلى مشمخرات مصعدة ... شم، بهن فروع القان والنشم واحدته نشمة.

He shelters in lofty, ascending mountains... with branches of qan and nasham, the singular of which is nashmah.

عارض زوراء من نشم، ... غير بانات على وتره

A swift cloud from nasham, ... not the boughs on its bowstring.

فهو ثور نشم إذا كان فيه نقط بيض ونقط سود.

He is a spotted bull if it has white spots and black spots.

ونشم اللحم تنشيما: تغير وابتدأت فيه رائحة كريهة، وقيل: تغيرت ريحه ولم يبلغ النتن، وفي التهذيب: إذا تغيرت ريحه لا من نتن ولكن كراهة.

And meat is 'nashama' (spoiling) with 'tashim': it changes and a foul smell begins to appear in it, and it is said: its smell has changed but has not reached putrefaction, and in Al-Tahdhib: if its smell changes not from putrefaction but from aversion.

يقال: يدي من الجبن ونحوه نشمة.

It is said: my hand from cheese and the like has a slight unpleasant smell.

وقد أصاحب فتيانا شرابهم ... خضر المزاد، ولحم فيه تنشيم

And I may accompany youths whose drink is ... green waterskins, and meat with a hint of spoilage.

وتنشمت منه علما إذا استفدت منه علما.

And you gain knowledge from him ('tanashamta') if you benefit from him knowledge.

ونشم القوم في الأمر تنشيما: نشبوا فيه وأخذوا فيه. قال: ولا يكون ذلك إلا في الشر؛ ومنه قولهم: نشم الناس في عثمان.

And people 'nashamoo' in the matter with 'tashim': they became entangled in it and took hold of it. He said: and this only occurs in evil; and from this is their saying: people 'nashamoo' regarding Uthman.

ونشم في الأمر: ابتدأ فيه؛ عن اللحياني، هكذا قال فيه، ولم يقل به.

And he 'nashama' in the matter: he began in it; from Al-Lihyani, thus he said about it, and did not say 'nabata' (sprouted).

ونشمه ونشم فيه: نال منه وطعن عليه.

And he 'nashamahu' and 'nashama' in it: he attacked him and criticized him.

لما نشم الناس في أمره ؛ قال: معناه طعنوا فيه ونالوا منه، أصله من تنشيم اللحم أول ما ينتن.

When people 'nashamoo' in his affair; he said: its meaning is they attacked him and criticized him, its origin is from the 'tashim' of meat when it first begins to spoil.

والصبح قد نشم في أديمه، ... يدعه بضفتي حيزومه، دع الربيب لحيتي يتيمه

And the morning has begun to appear ('nashama') in its expanse, ... leaving it on the sides of its chest, leave the adopted son my orphaned beard.

والتنشيم: الابتداء في كل شيء.

And 'al-tashim': the beginning in everything.

نشمت في الأمر ونشمت ونشبت أي ابتدأت.

I 'nashamtu' in the matter and 'nashamtu' and 'nashabtu', meaning I began.

ونشمت الأرض: نزت بالماء.

And the land 'nashamat': it sprang up with water.

والمنشم: حب «2» من العطر شاق الدق.

And 'al-minsham': a seed of perfume difficult to grind.

وهو سم ساعة، وقال بعضهم: هي ثمرة سوداء منتنة.

It is a potent poison, and some of them said: it is a black, foul-smelling fruit.

أراني وعمرا بيننا دق منشم، ... فلم يبق إلا أن أجن ويكلبا

It seems to me and Amr between us, the fine 'minsham' has passed, ... nothing remains but that I go mad and become a dog.

تداركتم عبسا وذبيان، بعد ما ... تفانوا، ودقوا بينهم عطر منشم صرفه للشعر.

You saved 'Abs and Dhubyan, after they ... perished, and they crushed between them the perfume of Minsham, which he used for poetry.

منشم امرأة كانت بمكة عطارة، وكانت خزاعة وجرهم إذا أرادوا القتال تطيبوا من طيبها، وكانوا إذا فعلوا ذلك كثر القتلى فيما بينهم فكان يقال: أشأم من عطر منشم، فصار مثلا:

Minsham was a perfumer woman in Mecca, and when Khuzā'ah and Jurhum wanted to fight, they perfumed themselves with her scent, and when they did that, the slain among them increased, so it was said: more ill-omened than the perfume of Minsham, and it became a proverb:

وهو من قرون السنبل يقال له البيش، وهو سم ساعة

And it is from the pods of the ear of grain called 'al-bayish', and it is a potent poison.

وكانوا إذا قصدوا الحرب غمسوا أيديهم في طيبها، وتحالفوا عليه بأن يستميتوا في الحرب ولا يولوا أو يقتلوا

And when they intended war, they dipped their hands in her perfume and swore by it to fight to the death and not retreat or be killed.

وهي من خزاعة، تبيع الحنوط، وهي من خزاعة،

And she is from Khuzā'ah, selling embalming spices, and she is from Khuzā'ah,

منشم بنت الوجيه من حمير، وكانت تبيع العطر، ويتشاءمون بعطرها

Minsham, daughter of the chief from Himyar, and she used to sell perfume, and they considered her perfume an ill omen.

فأغار عليها قوم من العرب فأخذوا عطرها، فبلغ ذلك قومها فاستأصلوا كل من شموا عليه ريح عطرها

Then some Arabs raided her and took her perfume, and when her people heard of it, they annihilated everyone who smelled the scent of her perfume on them.

وكانت جرهم إذا خرجت لقتال خزاعة خرجت معهم فطيبتهم، فلا يتطيب بطيبها أحد إلا قاتل حتى يقتل أو يجرح

And when Jurhum went out to fight Khuzā'ah, she went out with them and perfumed them, and no one who perfumed himself with her scent would fight except until he was killed or wounded.

ثم إنها صادقت رجلا وطيبته بطيبها، فلقيه زوجها فشم ريح طيبها عليه فقتله، فاقتتل الحيان من أجله

Then she befriended a man and perfumed him with her scent, and her husband met him and smelled the scent of her perfume on him, so he killed him, and the two tribes fought because of it.