قصم

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

The root قصم (qaṣama) primarily denotes breaking, shattering, or crushing something, often with a sense of finality or complete destruction. It extends to concepts of annihilation, severe damage, and even specific types of breakage in objects like horns or teeth. The root also encompasses related ideas of destruction, ruin, and specific geographical or botanical terms.

Derived headwords

قَصَمَverb

1.
to break, shatterboth
To break something severely until it is distinct or separated. It implies a forceful and complete fracture.
2.
to destroy, annihilateboth
To cause the ruin or destruction of something, often a community or an enemy.

قصمه يقصمه قصما — He broke it, breaking it with a distinct fracture.

قَصْمnoun

1.
breaking, shatteringboth
The act of breaking something severely, causing it to be distinct or separated. It refers to the fracture itself.
2.
destruction, annihilationboth
The state of being destroyed or annihilated; ruin.
3.
a piece broken offboth
A fragment or piece that has been broken off from something.

القصم: دق الشيء — Breaking: crushing something.

اِنْقَصَمَverb

1.
to be broken, shatteredboth
To become broken or shattered severely, indicating a distinct fracture.

فانقصم — and it became broken.

تَقَصَّمَverb

1.
to be broken, shatteredboth
To become broken or shattered severely, indicating a distinct fracture. Similar to انْقَصَمَ.

وتقصم — and it became broken.

قَصِمٌadjective

1.
easily broken, fragileclassical
Describing something that is prone to breaking or shattering easily.
2.
timid, fearfulclassical
Describing a person who is easily frightened or timid.

ورجل قصم أي سريع الانقصام هياب ضعيف — And a man qaṣim, meaning easily broken, timid, and weak.

قَصَّامٌadjective

1.
crushing, shatteringclassical
Describing something that crushes or shatters whatever it encounters.

وقصم مثل قثم: يحطم ما لقي — And qaṣṣam like qaththam: crushing whatever it encounters.

أَقْصَمُadjective

1.
having a broken incisorclassical
Describing someone whose central incisor tooth is broken.
2.
broken in the middleclassical
Describing something that is broken in its middle part.

ورجل أقصم الثنية إذا كان منكسرها من النصف — And a man aqṣam al-thaniyah if its break is from the middle.

قَصْمَاءnoun

1.
broken horn (goat)classical
A female goat whose horns are broken from their tips to the base.
2.
broken incisor (female)classical
Referring to a broken central incisor tooth, often used poetically.

والقصماء من المعز: التي انكسر قرناها من طرفيهما إلى المشاشة — And the qaṣmā' from goats: she whose horns are broken from their tips to the base.

قَصَمَةnoun

1.
a step, stairclassical
A step or stair, particularly a broken piece of one.
2.
a small piece broken offboth
A small fragment or piece broken off from something.

والقصمة، بالفتح: مرقاة الدرجة مثل القصفة — And al-qaṣmah, with fatha: a step of a ladder like al-qaṣfah.

قَاصِمَةnoun

1.
annihilatorboth
Something that annihilates or destroys.
2.
a city nameclassical
A name for a city, possibly Medina.

والقاصمة: اسم مدينة سيدنا رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم — And al-qāṣimah: the name of the city of our master, the Messenger of God, peace be upon him.

أَقْصَامnoun

1.
roots of pastureclassical
The roots of pasture plants, especially fresh ones.

وأقصام المرعى: أصوله ولا يكون إلا من الطريفة، الواحد قصم — And aqṣām al-mar'á: its roots, and it is only from the fresh, singular is qaṣm.

قَصْمٌnoun

1.
old cottonclassical
Old or aged cotton.

قُصَيْمَةnoun

1.
easy terrain with treesclassical
An area of land that is easy to traverse and has abundant trees.
2.
place where certain plants growclassical
A place where plants like ghada, arta, and salm grow, often sandy.

والقصيمة: ما سهل من الأرض وكثر شجره — And al-quṣaymah: what is easy of the land and abundant in trees.

قَصِيمname

1.
a place nameclassical
A well-known place name, located in Najd, through which a valley passes.
2.
a type of plantclassical
A type of plant.

والقصيم: موضع معروف يشقه طريق بطن فلج — And al-Qaṣīm: a known place, a path through the belly of Falaj splits it.

قَصِيمٌnoun

1.
a thicket of ghadaclassical
A dense growth or thicket of ghada trees.

وقال أبو حنيفة: القصيم، بغير هاء، أجمة الغضى، وجمعها قصائم وقصم — And Abu Hanifa said: Al-qaṣīm, without ha, is a thicket of ghada, and its plural is qaṣā'im and qaṣm.

قُصَيْمَةnoun

1.
thicket, groveclassical
A dense thicket or small grove of trees.

والقصيمة: الغيضة — And al-quṣaymah: the thicket.

قَيْصُومnoun

1.
tall grassclassical
Tall grass that grows high, similar to qā'ūm.
2.
a fragrant plantclassical
A fragrant plant of the plains, known for its pleasant smell, with lobed leaves and a yellow bloom.

والقيصوم: ما طال من العشب، وهو كالقيعون — And al-qayṣūm: what is tall of the grass, and it is like al-qā'ūn.

قَصَمَverb

1.
to returnclassical
To return from where one came, without reaching the intended destination.

قصم راجعا وكصم راجعا إذا رجع من حيث جاء ولم يتم إلى حيث قصد — Qaṣama returning and kaṣama returning if he returned from where he came and did not complete to where he intended.

Parallel reading

يقال للظالم: قصم الله ظهره.

It is said of the oppressor: May God break his back.

القصم كسر الشيء الشديد حتى يبين.

Al-qaṣm is breaking a strong thing until it becomes distinct.

قصمه يقصمه قصما فانقصم وتقصم: كسره كسرا فيه بينونة.

He broke it, breaking it with a distinct fracture, so it became broken and shattered: he broke it with a fracture involving separation.

ورجل قصم أي سريع الانقصام هياب ضعيف.

And a man qaṣim, meaning easily broken, timid, and weak.

وقصم مثل قثم: يحطم ما لقي؛

And qaṣṣam like qaththam: crushing whatever it encounters;

أنه قال في أهل الجنة يرفع أهل الغرف إلى غرفهم في درة بيضاء ليس فيها قصم ولا فصم ؛

that he said about the people of Paradise: the people of the high chambers are raised to their chambers in a white pearl wherein there is no breaking and no cracking;

القصم، بالقاف، هو أن ينكسر الشيء فيبين، يقال منه: قصمت الشيء إذا كسرته حتى يبين

Al-qaṣm, with qaf, is when a thing breaks and becomes distinct; from it is said: I broke the thing when you broke it until it became distinct

وأما الفصم، بالفاء، فهو أن ينصدع الشيء من غير أن يبين.

As for al-faṣm, with fa, it is when a thing cracks without becoming distinct.

وفي الحديث: الفاجر كالأرزة صماء معتدلة حتى يقصمها الله.

And in the hadith: The wicked person is like a sound, upright cedar tree until God breaks him.

وفي حديث عائشة تصف أباها، رضي الله عنهما: ولا قصموا له قناة ، ويروى بالفاء.

And in the hadith of Aisha describing her father, may God be pleased with them: and they did not break a spear for him, and it is narrated with fa.

وفي حديث كعب: وجدت انقصاما في ظهري ، ويروى بالفاء، وقد تقدما.

And in the hadith of Ka'b: I found a breaking in my back, and it is narrated with fa, and they have preceded.

ورمح قصم: منكسر، وقناة قصمة كذلك، وقد قصم.

And a broken spear: broken, and a broken spear shaft likewise, and it has become broken.

ورجل أقصم الثنية إذا كان منكسرها من النصف بين القصم، والأقصم أعم وأعرف من الأقصف، وهو الذي انقصمت ثنيته من النصف.

And a man aqṣam al-thaniyah if its break is from the middle between the breaking, and al-aqṣam is more general and more known than al-aqṣaf, which is he whose incisor is broken from the middle.

يقال: جاءتكم القصماء، تذهب به إلى تأنيث الثنية.

It is said: Al-qaṣmā' has come to you, referring to the feminine of the incisor.

والقصماء من المعز: التي انكسر قرناها من طرفيهما إلى المشاشة،

And the qaṣmā' from goats: she whose horns are broken from their tips to the base,

والعضباء المكسورة القرن الداخل، وهو المشاش.

And al-'adba' is the one with the inner horn broken, which is the base of the horn.

والقصم في عروض الوافر: حذف الأول وإسكان الخامس، فيبقى الجزء فاعيل، فينقل في التقطيع إلى مفعولن، وذلك على التشبيه بقصم السن أو القرن.

And al-qaṣm in the meter al-wāfir: is omitting the first and vowing the fifth, so the foot remains fā'ilun, and it is transferred in scansion to maf'ūlun, and that is by analogy with the breaking of a tooth or a horn.

وقصم السواك وقصمته والكسرة منه، وفي الحديث: استغنوا عن الناس ولو عن قصمة السواك.

And the breaking of the miswak and its breaking and the piece broken from it, and in the hadith: Be independent of people, even if it is by a piece of miswak.

والقصمة، بكسر القاف، أي الكسرة منه إذا استيك به، ويروى بالفاء.

And al-qaṣmah, with kasra of qaf, meaning the piece broken from it when used as a miswak, and it is narrated with fa.

وقصمه يقصمه قصما: أهلكه.

And he broke him, breaking him with a severe break: he destroyed him.

وقال الزجاج في قوله تعالى: وكم قصمنا من قرية ؛ كم في موضع نصب بقصمنا، ومعنى قصمنا أهلكنا وأذهبنا.

And al-Zajjaj said regarding the Almighty's saying: And how many a town have We broken! 'Kam' is in the accusative case with 'qaṣamnā', and the meaning of 'qaṣamnā' is We destroyed and annihilated.

ويقال: قصم الله عمر الكافر أي أذهبه.

And it is said: May God break the life of the disbeliever, meaning annihilate him.

والقاصمة: اسم مدينة سيدنا رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم؛ قال ابن سيده: أرى ذلك لأنها قصمت الكفر أي أذهبته.

And al-Qāṣimah: the name of the city of our master, the Messenger of God, peace be upon him; Ibn Sīdah said: I think so because it broke disbelief, meaning annihilated it.

والقصمة، بالفتح: مرقاة الدرجة مثل القصفة.

And al-qaṣmah, with fatha: a step of a ladder like al-qaṣfah.

وفي الحديث: إن الشمس لتطلع من جهنم بين قرني شيطان فما ترتفع في السماء من قصمة إلا فتح لها باب من النار، فإذا اشتدت الظهيرة فتحت الأبواب كلها.

And in the hadith: Indeed, the sun rises from Hell between the two horns of Satan, and no piece of it rises in the sky except that a door of Hell is opened for it, and when the noon heat intensifies, all the doors are opened.

وكل شيء كسرته فقد قصمته.

And everything you break, you have qaṣamt it.

وأقصام المرعى: أصوله ولا يكون إلا من الطريفة، الواحد قصم.

And aqṣām al-mar'á: its roots, and it is only from the fresh, singular is qaṣm.

والقصم: العتيق من القطن؛ عن أبي حنيفة.

And al-qaṣm: the old from cotton; from Abu Hanifa.

والقصيمة: ما سهل من الأرض وكثر شجره.

And al-quṣaymah: what is easy of the land and abundant in trees.

والقصيمة: منبت الغضى والأرطى والسلم؛ وهي رملة؛

And al-quṣaymah: a place where ghada, arta, and salm grow; and it is sandy;

وقال بشر في مفرده: وباكره عند الشروق مكلب ... أزل، كسرحان القصيمة، أغبر

And Bishr said in his singular: And his early camel at sunrise is hunting ... young, like the wolf of al-Quṣaymah, dusty

قال: وقال أنيف بن جبلة: ولقد شهدت الخيل يحمل شكتي ... عتد، كسرحان القصيمة، منهب

He said: And Anayf ibn Jabalah said: And I witnessed the horses carrying my armor ... strong, like the wolf of al-Quṣaymah, swift

الليث: القصيمة من الرمل ما أنبت الغضى وهي القصائم.

Al-Layth: Al-quṣaymah is from the sand what grows ghada, and it is al-qaṣā'im.

أبو عبيد: القصائم من الرمال ما أنبت العضاه.

Abu Ubayd: Al-qaṣā'im are from the sands what grows thorny trees.

والقصيم: موضع معروف يشقه طريق بطن فلج؛ وأنشد ابن السكيت: يا ريها اليوم على مبين، ... على مبين جرد القصيم

And Al-Qaṣīm: a known place, a path through the belly of Falaj splits it; And Ibn al-Sikkit recited: Oh, its water today at Mubīn, ... at Mubīn, the barren land of Al-Qaṣīm

والقصيم: نبت.

And Al-Qaṣīm: a plant.

وأفرغ لشول وعشار كوم ... باتت تعشى الليل بالقصيم، لبابة من همق عيشوم

And he poured for the she-camels and the pregnant ones, mounds ... they spent the night feeding at night on al-Qaṣīm, the best of 'Ayshūm's sustenance

بفرش فلاة، بينهن قصيم

in the sparse vegetation of a plain, with al-qaṣīm between them

وقال أبو حنيفة: القصيم، بغير هاء، أجمة الغضى، وجمعها قصائم وقصم.

And Abu Hanifa said: Al-qaṣīm, without ha, is a thicket of ghada, and its plural is qaṣā'im and qaṣm.

والقصيمة: الغيضة.

And al-quṣaymah: the thicket.

والقيصوم: ما طال من العشب، وهو كالقيعون؛ عن كراع.

And al-qayṣūm: what is tall of the grass, and it is like al-qā'ūn; from Kurā'.

والقيصوم: من نبات السهل؛ قال أبو حنيفة: القيصوم من الذكور ومن الأمرار، وهو طيب الرائحة من رياحين البر، وورقه هدب، وله نورة صفراء وهي تنهض على ساق وتطول؛

And al-qayṣūm: is from the plants of the plain; Abu Hanifa said: Al-qayṣūm is among the male and bitter plants, and it is fragrant from the wildflowers of the desert, and its leaves are fringed, and it has a yellow bloom which rises on a stalk and grows tall;

نبتت بمنبته فطاب لشمها، ... ونأت عن الجثجاث والقيصوم

It grew in its place, so its scent became pleasant, ... and it was far from al-jathjath and al-qayṣūm

بلاد بها القيصوم والشيح والغضى

Lands where al-qayṣūm, al-shīḥ, and al-ghada are.

قصم راجعا وكصم راجعا إذا رجع من حيث جاء ولم يتم إلى حيث قصد.

Qaṣama returning and kaṣama returning if he returned from where he came and did not complete to where he intended.