عجم

Root entry · 39 derived lemmas

The root عجم (ʿ-j-m) primarily relates to concepts of foreignness, unintelligibility, and the inability to speak clearly. It extends to meanings of testing, examining, or biting something to ascertain its quality, and also refers to the pits of fruits or the young of camels.

Derived headwords

مُعْجَمnoun

1.
book with diacriticsboth
A book, especially a dictionary, that has been vocalized with diacritical marks by its scribe.
2.
unclear writingclassical
Writing that is unclear or difficult to understand due to a lack of diacritical marks.

أَعْجَمَهُverb

1.
to make unintelligibleclassical
To make something unclear or unintelligible, often by adding diacritical marks that obscure meaning.
2.
to make muteclassical
To render someone mute or unable to speak clearly.

تَعَاجَمَverb

1.
to speak obscurelyclassical
To speak in an unclear, allusive, or veiled manner.

اسْتَعْجَمَverb

1.
to become obscureboth
To become difficult to understand or ambiguous.
2.
to become muteboth
To become unable to speak or to fall silent.
3.
to be unable to readboth
To be unable to proceed with reading due to difficulty or confusion.

أَعْجَمِيّadjective

1.
non-Arabboth
Foreign, non-Arab, or unable to speak Arabic fluently.
2.
muteclassical
Mute or unable to speak.
3.
animalclassical
Referring to an animal, especially a beast of burden.

عَجْمَاءadjective

1.
mute animalclassical
A mute animal, a beast of burden.
2.
unspoken prayerclassical
Referring to the daytime prayer, which is recited silently.

مُسْتَعْجِمadjective

1.
muteclassical
Mute or unable to speak.
2.
animalclassical
A beast of burden, an animal.

عَجَمَverb

1.
to biteboth
To bite something, especially with the molars, to test its hardness or quality.
2.
to chewboth
To chew or masticate something, often for testing or sustenance.
3.
to examineboth
To test or examine something to determine its quality or nature.

عَجْمًاnoun

1.
bitingclassical
The act of biting or chewing, especially to test hardness.
2.
examinationclassical
The act of testing or examining something.

عُجُومًاnoun

1.
strong camelclassical
A strong, resilient camel capable of enduring long journeys.

عَجَّمَverb

1.
to bite intenselyclassical
To bite intensely with the molars, without using the incisors.

عَجَمnoun

1.
pits (of fruit)both
The pits or seeds of fruits like dates or grapes.
2.
young camelsclassical
Young camels, specifically those that are two or three years old.
3.
hard stonesclassical
Hard stones found in valleys or wadis.

عَجَمِيّadjective

1.
intelligentclassical
Discerning, intelligent, and mature.

عَجَّمَتْهُverb

1.
tested by experienceclassical
To be tested or experienced through hardships and trials.

مِعْجَمnoun

1.
test of hardnessclassical
A test of hardness or quality, often by biting or chewing.
2.
strengthclassical
Strength, resilience, or endurance, especially in a camel.

مِعْجَمَةnoun

1.
strengthclassical
Strength, resilience, and endurance, particularly in a female camel.
2.
fatnessclassical
Fatness or robustness.

عَجُومnoun

1.
strong camelclassical
A strong camel that is resilient on journeys.

عَجَمَverb

1.
to test hornclassical
For a bull to strike a tree with its horn to test its strength.

عَجَمَverb

1.
to test swordclassical
To shake or test a sword for its quality.

عَجَمَتْهُverb

1.
my eye did not recognizeclassical
My eye did not recognize or focus on you.

يُعْجِمُverb

1.
to recognize or doubtclassical
To recognize or to doubt, to be uncertain.

عَجَمَverb

1.
to not stop atclassical
To not stop at or recognize something.

مُعْجَمadjective

1.
eatenclassical
Something that has been eaten until little remains.

عُجُومnoun

1.
young camelsclassical
Young camels, specifically the young of camels.

عَوَاجِمnoun

1.
teethclassical
Teeth, particularly the molars.

عَجَمَverb

1.
to test a situationclassical
To test or examine someone's situation or condition.

عُودٌ مَعْجُومadjective phrase

1.
tested woodclassical
Wood that has been tested for its hardness and resilience.

عَجَمnoun

1.
date pitsboth
The pits of dates, also called 'ujmah'.

عُجْمَةnoun

1.
date pitboth
A single date pit.
2.
grape seedboth
A seed of a grape.
3.
date palm sproutclassical
A date palm tree that grows from a pit.

عُجْمَةُ الرَّمْلnoun phrase

1.
abundance of sandclassical
A large quantity or accumulation of sand.

رَمْلَةٌ عَجْمَاءadjective phrase

1.
sandy area without plantsclassical
A sandy area devoid of vegetation.

عُجْمَةnoun

1.
pile of sandclassical
A mound or accumulation of sand, especially one overlooking its surroundings.

عَجَمَاتnoun

1.
hard rocksclassical
Hard rocks found in valleys or wadis.

عَجَمُ الذَّنَبnoun phrase

1.
base of the tailclassical
The base of the tail, the coccyx.

أَعْجَمِيّadjective

1.
non-breathing waveclassical
A wave that does not break or foam, lacking a visible crest.

مُعْجَمadjective

1.
locked doorclassical
A door that is locked or closed.

عَجْمَجَمَةnoun

1.
strong camelclassical
A strong, robust female camel.

بَنُو أَعْجَمname

1.
tribe nameclassical
A name for a tribe or clan.

بَنُو عِجْمَانname

1.
tribe nameclassical
A name for a tribe or clan.

Parallel reading

وكتاب معجم إذا أعجمه كاتبه بالنقط

And a book is a mu'jam if its scribe vocalizes it with dots.

سمي معجما لأن شكول النقط فيها عجمة لا بيان لها كالحروف المعجمة لا بيان لها

It is called a mu'jam because the shapes of the dots in it are a foreignness (unintelligibility) with no clarity, like the vocalized letters which have no clarity.

ما كنا نتعاجم أن ملكا ينطق على لسان عمر

We did not speak obscurely, thinking a king was speaking through Umar's tongue.

وكل من لم يفصح بشيء فقد أعجمه

And whoever does not express something clearly, he has made it unintelligible.

واستعجم عليه الكلام: استبهم

And the speech became obscure to him: it became ambiguous.

والأعجم: الأخرس

And al-a'jam: the mute.

والعجماء والمستعجم: كل بهيمة

And al-'ajma' and al-musta'jim: every beast.

العجماء جرحها جبار أي لا دية فيه ولا قود

The wound of the mute (animal) is a burden (no retribution), meaning there is no blood money or retaliation.

قرأ فلان فاستعجم عليه ما يقرؤه إذا التبس عليه فلم يتهيأ له أن يمضي فيه

So-and-so recited, and what he was reciting became obscure to him when it became confusing for him and he could not proceed with it.

وصلاة النهار عجماء لإخفاء القراءة فيها

And the daytime prayer is 'ajma' (silent) because the recitation is hidden in it.

واستعجمت على المصلي قراءته إذا لم تحضره

And his recitation became obscure to the worshipper if it did not come to his mind.

واستعجم الرجل: سكت

And the man became mute: he fell silent.

إذا كان أحدكم يصلي فاستعجمت عليه قراءته فليتم

If one of you is praying and his recitation becomes obscure to him, let him complete it.

عجم عيدانها عودا عودا فوجدني أمرها عودا

He tested its sticks one by one and found me to be the most bitter stick.

أي يعض أعلى قرنه وهو يقاتله

Meaning he bites the top of his horn while fighting him.

والعجم: عض شديد بالأضراس دون الثنايا

And al-'ajam: intense biting with the molars without the incisors.

وعجم الشيء يعجمه عجما وعجوما: عضه ليعلم صلابته من خوره

And he bit a thing, testing it for its hardness or softness.

وكانوا يعجمون القدح بين الضرسين إذا كان معروفا بالفوز ليؤثروا فيه أثرا يعرفونه به

And they used to test the cup between their molars if it was known for winning, so they could leave a mark on it that they would recognize.

وعجمته الأمور: دربته

And matters tested him: they trained him.

ورجل صلب المعجم والمعجمة: عزيز النفس إذا جرسته الأمور وجدته عزيزا صلبا

And a man of firm 'mi'jam' and 'mi'jamah': noble of soul, if matters test him, he is found noble and firm.

وعجمتك البلايا أي خبرتك

And calamities have tested you, meaning they have experienced you.

وناقة ذات معجمة أي ذات صبر وصلابة وشدة على الدعك

And a she-camel with 'mi'jamah', meaning possessing patience, firmness, and resilience to rubbing.

والعجوم: الناقة القوية على السفر

And al-'ujum: the she-camel strong for travel.

والثور يعجم قرنه إذا ضرب به الشجرة يبلوه

And the bull tests its horn when it strikes a tree with it, to test it.

وعجم السيف: هزه للتجربة

And he tested the sword: he shook it for trial.

ما عجمتك عيني مذ كذا أي ما أخذتك

My eye has not recognized you since such-and-such, meaning it has not taken you in.

ورأيت فلانا فجعلت عيني تعجمه أي كأنها لا تعرفه ولا تمضي في معرفته كأنها لا تثبته

And I saw so-and-so, and my eye began to 'ajimuhu', meaning as if it did not recognize him and did not proceed in knowing him, as if it did not fix upon him.

البصير بها، إذا ما أعاد الطرف، يعجم أو يفيل

The one who sees it, when he looks again, either recognizes or doubts.

تعجمك عيني أي يخيل إلي أني رأيتك

My eye 'ajimatuk', meaning it seems to me that I have seen you.

ونظرت في الكتاب فعجمت أي لم أقف على حروفه

And I looked at the book, and I 'ajamt', meaning I did not grasp its letters.

لقد عجموني ولفظوني إذا عرفوك

They have 'ajamuuni' and 'lafadhuuni', meaning they recognized you.

والمعجم الذي أكل حتى لم يبق منه إلا القليل

And al-mu'jam is that which has been eaten until only a little remains of it.

والعجم: صغار الإبل وفتاياها، والجمع عجوم

And al-'ajam: young camels and their foals, and the plural is 'ujum.

والإبل تسمى عواجم وعاجمات لأنها تعجم العظام

And camels are called 'awajim' and 'aajimat' because they test the bones (of plants).

فحل أعجم يهدر في شقشقة لا ثقب لها فهي في شدقه ولا يخرج الصوت منها

A mute male camel bellows in a gurgle that has no opening, so it is in its cheek and the sound does not come out of it.

والإبل العجم: التي تعجم العضاه والقتاد والشوك فتجزأ بذلك من الحمض

And al-'ijam camels: those that test the thorny trees and shrubs, and thus are satisfied with the desert herbage.

والعواجم: الأسنان

And al-'awajim: the teeth.

وعجمت عوده أي بلوت أمره وخبرت حاله

And I tested his 'oud' (character/situation), meaning I tried his affair and knew his condition.

أبى عودك المعجوم إلا صلابة

Your tested wood refused nothing but hardness.

والعجم، بالتحريك: النوى نوى التمر والنبق، الواحدة عجمة

And al-'ajam, with harakah: the pits of dates and nabq, the singular is 'ujmah.

والعامة تقوله عجم، بالتسكين، وهو العجام أيضا

And the common people say it 'ajam, with sukūn, and it is also al-'ujam.

في أربع مثل عجام القسب

In four, like the pits of dried date clusters.

والعجمة حبة العنب حتى تنبت

And al-'ujmah is the grape seed until it sprouts.

وكل ما كان في جوف مأكول كالزبيب وما أشبهه عجم

And everything that is in the interior of something edible, like raisins and the like, is 'ajam.

كأنه عجم بالبيد مرضوخ

As if it were crushed pits in the desert.

والعجمة، بالتحريك: النخلة تنبت من النواة

And al-'ujmah, with harakah: the date palm that grows from a pit.

وعجمة الرمل: كثرته

And 'ujmah of the sand: its abundance.

حتى صعدنا إحدى عجمتي بدر

Until we ascended one of the sand mounds of Badr.

العجمة، بالضم: المتراكم من الرمل المشرف على ما حوله

Al-'ujmah, with dammah: the accumulation of sand overlooking its surroundings.

من العجمات، بارد

From the hard rocks, cold.

والعجمات: الصخور الصلاب

And al-'ajamat: the hard rocks.

وعجم الذنب وعجمه جميعا: عجبه، وهو أصله، وهو العصعص

And 'ajam al-dhanab and 'ajamah: its base, which is its origin, which is the coccyx.

والأعجم من الموج: الذي لا يتنفس أي لا ينضح الماء ولا يسمع له صوت

And al-a'jam of the waves: that which does not breathe, meaning it does not splash water and no sound is heard from it.

وباب معجم أي مقفل

And a mu'jam door, meaning locked.

العجمجمة من النوق الشديدة مثل العثمثمة

Al-'ajmajamah of she-camels is intense, like al-'athmathamah.

بات يباري ورشات كالقطا، عجمجمات خشفا تحت السرى

He spent the night racing light (camels) like sandgrouse, strong she-camels, swift under the night journey.

وبنو أعجم وبنو عجمان: بطنان

And Banu A'jam and Banu 'Ijman: two clans.