عتم

Root entry · 14 derived lemmas

The root عتم primarily relates to slowness, delay, and lateness. It extends to concepts of holding back, being tardy, and the late hours of the night. It also encompasses the act of milking animals late in the evening.

Derived headwords

عَتَمَverb

1.
to hold backboth
To refrain from something after having started it, or to hold oneself back from doing something intended.
2.
to be slowboth
To be slow or tardy in action or in doing something.
3.
to delayboth
To postpone or delay something, especially hospitality.
4.
to milk lateboth
To milk camels in the evening, after they have rested.
5.
to be darkboth
The night begins to darken.

عتم الرجل عن الشيء يعتم وعتم — The man held back from the thing, holding back and holding back.

عتم عن الشيء يعتم وأعتم وعتم — He was slow regarding the thing, being slow, and becoming slow, and being slow.

عتم قراه: أخره — He delayed his hospitality: he postponed it.

عتمت الإبل تعتم وتعتم وأعتمت واستعتمت: حلبت عشاء — The camels were milked in the evening, being milked and being milked, and becoming milked, and seeking to be milked: they were milked at nightfall.

تَعْتِيماًnoun

1.
delayingclassical
The act of delaying or holding back, often used in the context of hospitality.

وأكثر ما يقال عتم تعتيما — And most commonly it is said 'to delay delaying'.

أَعْتَمَverb

1.
to be slowboth
To become slow or tardy.
2.
to delayboth
To delay something, such as a task or journey.
3.
to enter the nightboth
To enter the time of late evening or night.

وأعتم وعتم: أبطأ — And he became slow and was slow: he was tardy.

وأعتمه صاحبه وعتمه أي أخره — His companion made him slow and delayed him, meaning he postponed him.

وأعتمت حاجتك أي أخرتها — And your need was delayed, meaning you postponed it.

أعتم الرجل: صار في ذلك الوقت — The man entered the time of late evening: he reached that time.

أعتم القوم وعتموا تعتيما: ساروا في ذلك الوقت — The people entered the time of late evening and were delayed in doing so: they traveled at that time.

العَتْمnoun

1.
slownessboth
The state of being slow or tardy.
2.
delayboth
A delay or postponement.

والاسم العتم — And the noun is 'al-'atm (slowness).

عاتِمadjective

1.
slowboth
Being slow or tardy, especially in hospitality.
2.
late-arrivingboth
Arriving late, especially at a certain time of night.
3.
darkclassical
Describing the dark, late hours of the night.

وقرى عاتم ومعتم: بطيء ممس — And late-arriving and delayed hospitality: slow in the evening.

فلان عاتم القرى — So-and-so is one who delays hospitality.

قال الشاعر: فلما رأينا أنه عاتم القرى ... بخيل، ذكرنا ليلة الهضم كردما — The poet said: When we saw that he was delaying hospitality... with horses, we remembered the night of 'al-hadm' like 'kardama'.

قال ابن بري: ويقال جاءنا ضيف عاتم إذا جاء ذلك الوقت — Ibn al-Bari said: And it is said a guest came to us, 'aatim', if that time arrived.

نجوم الشتاء العاتمات الغوامضا — The winter stars that darken from the dust in the sky.

مُعْتِمadjective

1.
delayedboth
Being delayed or postponed.
2.
lateboth
Occurring late, especially in the evening.

وقرى عاتم ومعتم: بطيء ممس — And late-arriving and delayed hospitality: slow in the evening.

معاتيم القرى، سرف إذا ما ... أجنت طخية الليل البهيم — Delayed hospitality, 'sarif' when the darkness of the deep night covers.

إعْتامnoun

1.
delayboth
The act or state of being delayed or late.
2.
latenessboth
The quality of being late, especially in the evening.

طول إعتامها — The length of their delay.

في حديث عمر: نهى عن الحرير إلا هكذا وهكذا فما عتمنا أنه يعني الأعلام أي أبطأنا عن معرفة ما عنى وأراد — In the hadith of Umar: He forbade silk except like this and like this, and we were slow to understand that he meant the banners, meaning we were slow to know what he meant and intended.

العَتْمَةnoun

1.
late eveningboth
The first third of the night, after sunset and the disappearance of the twilight.
2.
darkness of nightboth
The darkness at the beginning of the night.
3.
milking timeboth
The time for milking camels in the late evening.

والعتمة: ثلث الليل الأول بعد غيبوبة الشفق — And 'al-'atmah': the first third of the night after the disappearance of the twilight.

عتمة الليل: ظلام أوله عند سقوط نور الشفق — 'Atmat al-layl': its beginning darkness when the light of twilight falls.

والعتمة: بقية اللبن تفيق بها النعم في تلك الساعة — And 'al-'atmah': the remaining milk that the animals yield at that time.

وفي حديث أبي ذر: واللقاح قد روحت وحلبت عتمتها أي حلبت ما كانت تحلب وقت العتمة — And in the hadith of Abu Dharr: And the she-camels had been rested and their 'atmah' milked, meaning they milked what they would milk at the time of 'al-'atmah'.

عَتُومadjective

1.
slow-milkingboth
A she-camel that does not yield milk until late in the night.
2.
delayedclassical
Describing something that is delayed or late.

ناقة عتوم: وهي التي لا تزال تعشى حتى تذهب ساعة من الليل ولا تحلب إلا بعد ذلك الوقت — A 'atūm' she-camel: she is one that continues to hold back until an hour of the night passes and is not milked except after that time.

قال الراعي: أدر النسا كيلا تدر عتومها — Al-Ra'i said: Let the udder flow so that its 'atūm' milk may flow.

عَتَمَةnoun

1.
a measure of timeclassical
A short period of time, like the time it takes for animals to recover or for a calf to suckle.

فقيل: عتمة ربع أي قدر ما يحتبس في عشائه — It was said: 'atmat rub' meaning the amount of time it holds back for its evening meal.

ويقال: عشاء خلفات قعس — And it is said: the evening meal of pregnant, hunchbacked she-camels.

عَتَمَverb

1.
to hesitateboth
To hesitate, falter, or hold back.

حمل عليه فما عتم أي ما نكل ولا أبطأ — He attacked him and he did not hesitate, meaning he did not falter nor delay.

وضرب فلان فلانا فما عتم ولا عتب ولا كذب أي لم يتمكث ولم يتباطأ في ضربه إياه — So-and-so struck so-and-so and he did not hesitate, nor falter, nor lie, meaning he did not linger nor delay in striking him.

عَتَمَverb

1.
to clingclassical
To cling or hover, like a bird.

عتم الطائر إذا رفرف على رأسك ولم يبعد — The bird 'atama' if it hovered over your head and did not move away.

عَتَمnoun

1.
wild olive treeboth
A type of wild olive tree, often growing in mountains.

والعتم والعتم: شجر الزيتون البري الذي لا يحمل شيئا — And 'al-'atm and 'al-'atm: the wild olive tree which bears no fruit.

فإن لم يكن فعتم أو بطم — If not, then 'atm' or 'batm'.

عَتَمَverb

1.
to pluckclassical
To pluck or pull out.

عتم عتما: نتف؛ عن كراع — He plucked, 'atama': he plucked; according to Kurā'.

Parallel reading

عتم الرجل عن الشيء يعتم وعتم

The man held back from the thing, holding back and holding back.

وأكثر ما يقال عتم تعتيما

And most commonly it is said 'to delay delaying'.

وقيل: عتم احتبس عن فعل الشيء يريده

And it was said: he held back from doing what he wanted.

وعتم عن الشيء يعتم وأعتم وعتم: أبطأ

And he was slow regarding the thing, being slow, and becoming slow, and being slow: he was tardy.

والاسم العتم

And the noun is 'al-'atm (slowness).

وعتم قراه: أخره

And he delayed his hospitality: he postponed it.

وقرى عاتم ومعتم: بطيء ممس

And late-arriving and delayed hospitality: slow in the evening.

فلما رأينا أنه عاتم القرى ... بخيل، ذكرنا ليلة الهضم كردما

When we saw that he was delaying hospitality... with horses, we remembered the night of 'al-hadm' like 'kardama'.

قال ابن بري: ويقال جاءنا ضيف عاتم إذا جاء ذلك الوقت

Ibn al-Bari said: And it is said a guest came to us, 'aatim', if that time arrived.

وأعتمت حاجتك أي أخرتها

And your need was delayed, meaning you postponed it.

وقد عتمت حاجتك، ولغة أخرى: أعتمت حاجتك أي أبطأت

And your need was delayed, and another dialect: your need was delayed, meaning you were slow.

معاتيم القرى، سرف إذا ما ... أجنت طخية الليل البهيم

Delayed hospitality, 'sarif' when the darkness of the deep night covers.

متى يعد ينجز، ولا يكتبل ... منه العطايا طول إعتامها

When he promises, he fulfills, and gifts are not withheld from him due to their prolonged delay.

ويقري به الضيف اللقاح العواتم

And with it, he offers hospitality to guests with the late-milking she-camels.

العتمة الإبطاء أيضا

The 'atmah' is also slowness.

وجلادا إن نشطت له ... عاجلا ليست له عتمه

And fight vigorously if you are inclined to it... quickly, there is no delay for it.

حمل عليه فما عتم أي ما نكل ولا أبطأ

He attacked him and he did not hesitate, meaning he did not falter nor delay.

وضرب فلان فلانا فما عتم ولا عتب ولا كذب أي لم يتمكث ولم يتباطأ في ضربه إياه

So-and-so struck so-and-so and he did not hesitate, nor falter, nor lie, meaning he did not linger nor delay in striking him.

فما عتمت منها ودية أي ما لبثت أن علقت

And not one sapling among them hesitated, meaning it did not take long before it took root.

عتمت الإبل تعتم وتعتم وأعتمت واستعتمت: حلبت عشاء وهو من الإبطاء والتأخر

The camels were milked in the evening, being milked and being milked, and becoming milked, and seeking to be milked: they were milked at nightfall, which is from slowness and lateness.

فيها ضوى قد رد من إعتامها

In it is a resting place that was returned from its lateness.

والعتمة: ثلث الليل الأول بعد غيبوبة الشفق

And 'al-'atmah': the first third of the night after the disappearance of the twilight.

أعتم الرجل: صار في ذلك الوقت

The man entered the time of late evening: he reached that time.

أعتمنا من العتمة كما يقال أصبحنا من الصبح

We entered the time of late evening from 'al-'atmah' as it is said 'we entered the morning from the morning'.

أعتم القوم وعتموا تعتيما: ساروا في ذلك الوقت

The people entered the time of late evening and were delayed in doing so: they traveled at that time.

والعتمة: ثلث الليل الأول بعد غيبوبة الشفق

And 'al-'atmah': the first third of the night after the disappearance of the twilight.

عتم الليل وأعتم إذا مر قطعة من الليل

The night darkened and the time of late evening arrived if a piece of the night had passed.

لا يغلبنكم الأعراب على اسم صلاتكم العشاء؛ فإن اسمها في كتاب الله العشاء، وإنما يعتم بحلاب الإبل

Let not the Bedouins overcome you regarding the name of your prayer, 'al-'ishā'; for its name in the Book of Allah is 'al-'ishā', and only the milking of camels is delayed.

عتمة الليل: ظلام أوله عند سقوط نور الشفق

'Atmat al-layl': its beginning darkness when the light of twilight falls.

وقد أعتم الناس إذا دخلوا في وقت العتمة

And the people have entered the time of late evening if they have entered the time of 'al-'atmah'.

واللقاح قد روحت وحلبت عتمتها أي حلبت ما كانت تحلب وقت العتمة

And the she-camels had been rested and their 'atmah' milked, meaning they milked what they would milk at the time of 'al-'atmah'.

وهم يسمون الحلاب عتمة باسم الوقت

And they call the milking 'atmah' by the name of the time.

ويقال: قعد فلان عندنا قدر عتمة الحلائب أي احتبس قدر احتباسها للإفاقة

And it is said: So-and-so sat with us for the duration of 'atmat al-hala'ib', meaning he stayed for the duration of their recovery.

والعتمة: بقية اللبن تفيق بها النعم في تلك الساعة

And 'al-'atmah': the remaining milk that the animals yield at that time.

يقال: حلبنا عتمة

It is said: We milked 'atmah'.

وعتمة الليل: ظلامه

And 'atmat al-layl': its darkness.

يسري عتم بين الخيم

It travels slowly between the tents.

وقد عتم الليل يعتم

And the night darkened, it darkened.

وعتمة الإبل: رجوعها من المرعى بعد ما تمسي

And 'atmat al-ibil': their return from the pasture after evening.

ناقة عتوم: وهي التي لا تزال تعشى حتى تذهب ساعة من الليل ولا تحلب إلا بعد ذلك الوقت

A 'atūm' she-camel: she is one that continues to hold back until an hour of the night passes and is not milked except after that time.

فقيل: عتمة ربع أي قدر ما يحتبس في عشائه

It was said: 'atmat rub' meaning the amount of time it holds back for its evening meal.

يعني بالعاتمات التي تظلم من الغبرة التي في السماء

He means by 'al-'atimat' those that darken from the dust in the sky.

ضيف عاتم: مقيم

A guest 'aatim': resident.

عتم الطائر إذا رفرف على رأسك ولم يبعد

The bird 'atama' if it hovered over your head and did not move away.

عتم عتما: نتف؛ عن كراع

He plucked, 'atama': he plucked; according to Kurā'.

والعتم والعتم: شجر الزيتون البري الذي لا يحمل شيئا

And 'al-'atm and 'al-'atm: the wild olive tree which bears no fruit.

الأسوكة ثلاثة أراك فإن لم يكن فعتم أو بطم

The toothsticks are three: 'arak; if not, then 'atm or batm'.

جيء تنطق بالظيان والعتم

A ravine speaking of 'al-dhayyan' and 'al-'atm'.

رمي المضاء وجواد بن عتم

The throw of the swift and Jawad bin 'Atm.