← Back to Lisan al-Arab

صوم

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

The root صوم primarily relates to abstaining or refraining from something, most notably food, drink, and speech. This core meaning extends to concepts of patience, stillness, and even specific natural phenomena like the midday heat or the behavior of certain animals and plants.

Derived headwords

صَامَverb
  1. 1.
    to fastboth

    To abstain from food, drink, and marital relations, typically during daylight hours.

  2. 2.
    to be silentclassical

    To refrain from speaking.

  3. 3.
    to stand stillclassical

    To remain motionless, especially used for horses or the midday heat.

  4. 4.
    to cast upclassical

    Used for ostriches, meaning to expel their contents.

صَوْمnoun
  1. 1.
    fastingboth

    The act or practice of fasting, abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs.

  2. 2.
    silenceclassical

    The state of being silent or refraining from speech.

  3. 3.
    stillnessclassical

    A state of immobility or inactivity, applied to horses or the midday.

  4. 4.
    abstinenceboth

    General abstention from something.

  5. 5.
    a type of treeclassical

    A specific thorny tree, sometimes described as resembling a person.

صِيَامnoun
  1. 1.
    fastingboth

    The act or practice of fasting; a period of fasting.

  2. 2.
    silenceclassical

    The state of being silent.

صَائِمadjective
  1. 1.
    fastingboth

    One who is observing a fast.

  2. 2.
    silentclassical

    One who is refraining from speaking.

  3. 3.
    stillclassical

    Motionless or inactive.

صَوَّامadjective
  1. 1.
    frequent fasterboth

    One who fasts frequently or habitually.

  2. 2.
    devoutclassical

    One who is devout, often characterized by fasting and night prayer.

صُيَّامnoun
  1. 1.
    fastingclassical

    A collective noun for fasting or those who fast.

صَوَّامَةnoun
  1. 1.
    fasting womanclassical

    A woman who fasts frequently.

صِيمnoun
  1. 1.
    fastingclassical

    A variant form of fasting, often used poetically.

صِيمَةnoun
  1. 1.
    fastingclassical

    A variant form of fasting.

صَوَّام قَوَّامadjective
  1. 1.
    fasting and prayingclassical

    Describing someone who fasts during the day and prays at night.

صَوْمَانadjective
  1. 1.
    fastingclassical

    One who is fasting.

اصْطَامَverb
  1. 1.
    to fastclassical

    To fast; to abstain from food and drink.

مَصَامnoun
  1. 1.
    standing placeclassical

    The place where a horse stands or stops; its station.

  2. 2.
    middayclassical

    The point at which the sun reaches its zenith.

مَصَامَةnoun
  1. 1.
    standing placeclassical

    The place where a horse stands or stops; its station.

صَائِمَةnoun
  1. 1.
    still dayclassical

    A day when the heat is intense and the air is still.

  2. 2.
    stillnessclassical

    A state of stillness or immobility.

صَوْمَةnoun
  1. 1.
    a type of treeclassical

    A single plant of the thorny tree known as 'ṣawm'.

صَوَّامnoun
  1. 1.
    fastingclassical

    A collective noun for those who fast.

صِيَامَىnoun
  1. 1.
    fastingclassical

    A rare form referring to fasting.

صَامَ النَّعَامverb phrase
  1. 1.
    ostrich vomitsclassical

    When an ostrich expels what is in its stomach.

صَوْمَة النَّعَامnoun
  1. 1.
    ostrich vomitclassical

    The substance expelled by an ostrich.

صَامَتِ الرِّيحverb phrase
  1. 1.
    wind became stillclassical

    When the wind ceases to blow; becomes calm.

صَامَتِ الشَّمْسverb phrase
  1. 1.
    sun stood stillclassical

    When the sun reaches its highest point at noon and appears to stop moving.

Parallel reading

الصوم: ترك الطعام والشراب والنكاح والكلام
Fasting: abstaining from food, drink, marriage, and speech.
صام يصوم صوما وصياما واصطام
He fasted, he fasts, a fasting, and he fasted.
ورجل صائم وصوم من قوم صوام وصيام وصوم
And a fasting man and a faster from a people of frequent fasters and fasting and fasting.
إني نذرت للرحمن صوما
Indeed, I have vowed to the Most Merciful a fast.
كل عمل ابن آدم له إلا الصوم فإنه لي
Every deed of the son of Adam is for him except fasting, for it is for Me.
إنما هو نية في القلب وإمساك عن حركة المطعم والمشرب
It is only an intention in the heart and restraint from the movement of eating and drinking.
الصوم هو الصبر
Fasting is patience.
صومكم يوم تصومون
Your fasting is the day you fast.
فليقل إني صائم
Let him say, 'Indeed, I am fasting'.
من مات وهو صائم فليصم عنه وليه
Whoever dies while fasting, let his guardian fast on his behalf.
رجل صوام قوام إذا كان يصوم النهار ويقوم الليل
A man who is a frequent faster and a frequent worshipper if he fasts the day and prays the night.
أقمت بالبصرة صومين أي رمضانين
I stayed in Basra for two fasts, meaning two Ramadans.
صام الفرس صوما أي قام على غير اعتلاف
The horse stood still, a stillness, meaning it stood without grazing.
خيل صيام وخيل غير صائمة
Fasting horses and non-fasting horses.
الصوم في اللغة الإمساك عن الشيء والترك له
Fasting in language means to hold back from something and to leave it.
الصوم: البيعة
Fasting: the covenant.
كأن الثريا علقت في مصامها
As if the Pleiades were hung in their standing place.
صامت الريح: ركدت
The wind became still: it became stagnant.
صام النهار صوما إذا اعتدل وقام قائم الظهيرة
The day fasted a fast when it became moderate and the peak of noon arrived.
صامت الشمس: استوت
The sun stood still: it became level.
بكرة صائمة إذا قامت فلم تدر
A young camel is fasting if it stands still and does not move.
صام النعام إذا رمى بذرقه وهو صومه
The ostrich fasted when it threw its dung, which is its fasting.
الصوم: عرة النعام، وهو ما يرمي به من دبره
Fasting: the ostrich's excrement, which is what it throws from its rear.
موكل بشدوف الصوم يرقبها
Entrusted with the figures of the Sawm tree, watching them.