شهم

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

This root primarily describes intelligence, keenness, and alertness, often associated with a sharp mind and quick understanding. It extends to concepts of strength, vigor, and courage, particularly in animals. It also encompasses meanings related to fear, being startled, and a specific type of trap.

Derived headwords

الشَّهْمadjective

1.
intelligent, sharp-mindedboth
Possessing a keen intellect and quick understanding; intelligent and perceptive.
2.
strong, vigorousboth
Physically strong, robust, and energetic.
3.
brave, courageousclassical
Bold and valiant, especially in facing challenges.

شَهِمَverb

1.
to be intelligentboth
To possess intelligence and keenness of mind.
2.
to be strongboth
To be robust, vigorous, and strong.

شَهَامَةnoun

1.
intelligence, keennessboth
The quality of being intelligent, sharp-minded, and perceptive.
2.
vigor, strengthboth
The state of being strong, robust, and energetic.
3.
courage, braveryclassical
The quality of being brave and valiant.

شُهومَةnoun

1.
intelligence, keennessclassical
A state of being intelligent and sharp-minded.

شَهَامnoun

1.
intelligent onesboth
Plural of 'الشهم', referring to intelligent and sharp-minded individuals.
2.
strong onesboth
Plural of 'الشهم', referring to strong and vigorous individuals.

شُهومnoun

1.
leaders, prominent figuresclassical
Plural of 'الشهم', referring to leaders or prominent individuals who are decisive and influential.

فَرَس شَهْمadjective

1.
swift, energetic, strong horseboth
A description of a horse that is fast, active, and powerful.

شَهَمَ الفَرَسverb

1.
to urge on a horseboth
To spur or incite a horse to move faster or with more energy.

شَهَمَ الرَّجُلverb

1.
to frighten, startleboth
To cause a person to become frightened or startled.

المَشْهُومadjective

1.
frightened, terrifiedboth
Describing someone who is deeply frightened or terrified.
2.
iron-heartedclassical
Possessing a strong, unyielding, or perhaps insensitive heart.

شَهَمْتُهُverb

1.
to frighten himboth
The past tense, first-person singular form of 'to frighten', indicating that the speaker caused someone to be frightened.

الشَّهْمnoun

1.
a capable and good-natured personclassical
A person who is excellent at carrying burdens and is content with what they bear; good-natured and reliable.

الشَّهْمnoun

1.
a stone trapclassical
A stone placed at the top of a built structure, used in a trap mechanism involving bait to block an entrance.

الشَّيْهَمnoun

1.
a porcupineclassical
A large, spiny rodent.
2.
a jerboaclassical
A desert rodent with long hind legs.

شَيْهَمnoun

1.
male porcupineclassical
Specifically refers to the male of the porcupine species.

شَهْمَةname

1.
Shahmāh (female name)classical
A proper name for a woman.

الشَّهَامnoun

1.
a type of desert fox or jackalclassical
A creature, possibly a type of wild fox or jackal, known for its cunning or ferocity.

شَاهْسَفَرَمnoun

1.
basil, king's herbclassical
A plant, identified as basil or 'king's herb', of Persian origin.

Parallel reading

الشَّهْم: الذكي الفؤاد المتوقد، الجلد

The sharp-minded: intelligent of heart, burning, strong.

قال: الشهم وابن النفر الشهام

He said: The intelligent and the brave ones are the sharp-minded.

وقد شهم الرجل، بالضم، شهامة وشهومة إذا كان ذكيا، فهو شهم أي جلد.

And a man becomes sharp-minded (with dammah) with شهامة and شهومة if he is intelligent, so he is sharp-minded, meaning strong.

وفي الحديث: كان شهما نافذا في الأمور ماضيا.

And in the hadith: He was sharp-minded, penetrating in matters, decisive.

والشهم: السيد النجد النافذ في الأمور، والجمع شهوم.

And the sharp-minded: the leader, the strong one, penetrating in matters, and the plural is شهوم.

وفرس شهم: سريع نشيط قوي.

And a sharp-minded horse: fast, energetic, strong.

وشهم الفرس يشهمه شهما: زجره.

And he urged on the horse, يشهمه, with شهما: he rebuked it.

وشهم الرجل يشهمه ويشهمه شهما وشهوما: أفزعه.

And he frightened the man, يشهمه and يشهمه, with شهما and شهوما: he terrified him.

والمشهوم: الحديد الفؤاد؛

And the terrified one: the iron-hearted;

مستوفض من بنات القفر مشهوم أي مذعور.

Galloping from the offspring of the desert, terrified, meaning panicked.

والمشهوم: كالمذعور سواء، وقد شهمته أشهمه شهما إذا ذعرته.

And the terrified one: is like the panicked one, and I terrified him, أشهمه, with شهما if I panicked him.

وقال الفراء: الشهم في كلام العرب الحمول الجيد القيام بما حمل الذي لا تلقاه إلا حمولا طيب النفس بما حمل، وكذلك هو في غير الناس.

And Al-Farra' said: The sharp-minded in the speech of the Arabs is the one who carries well what he is burdened with, whom you do not meet except as one who carries well, content with what he bears, and likewise in others besides people.

والشهم: حجر يجعلونه في أعلى بيت يبنونه من حجارة ويجعلون لحمة السبع في مؤخر البيت، فإذا دخل السبع فتناول اللحمة سقط الحجر على الباب فسده، والمعروف السهم.

And the sharp-minded: is a stone they place at the top of a house they build from stones, and they place the flesh of a lion at the back of the house, so when the lion enters and takes the flesh, the stone falls on the door and blocks it, and it is known as 'al-sahm'.

والشيهم: الدلدل.

And the shiham: the jerboa.

والشيهم: ما عظم شوكه من ذكور القنافذ؛

And the shiham: what has large spines among the male porcupines;

لئن جد أسباب العداوة بيننا، ... لترتحلن مني على ظهر شيهم

If the causes of enmity between us become serious, ... you will depart from me on the back of a porcupine.

أي على ذعر، وقال ابن الأعرابي: وهو القنفذ والدلدل والشيهم.

Meaning in terror, and Ibn Al-A'rabi said: It is the porcupine, the jerboa, and the shiham.

أبو زيد: يقال للذكر من القنافذ شيهم.

Abu Zayd said: The male of the porcupines is called shiham.

زارتك شهمة، والظلماء داجية، ... والعين هاجعة والروح معروج

Shahmāh visited you, and the darkness was deep, ... and the eyes were sleeping and the soul was restless.

والشهام: السعلاة.

And the shahām: the wild fox.

وشاهسفرم «1»: ريحان الملك، قال أبو حنيفة: هي فارسية دخلت في كلام العرب؛

And Shāhsafaram: the king's basil, Abu Hanifa said: it is Persian that has entered into the speech of the Arabs;

وشاهسفرم والياسمين ونرجس ... يصبحنا في كل دجن تغيما

And Shāhsafaram, jasmine, and narcissus ... greet us in every cloudy, overcast day.