شمم

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the sense of smell, including the act of smelling, perceiving scents, and making others smell. It extends metaphorically to testing, examining, approaching, and to physical characteristics like a prominent nose or a high elevation.

Derived headwords

شَمَّverb

1.
to smellboth
To perceive an odor with the nose.
2.
to testclassical
To examine or test something or someone, often by approaching or observing.

شممته أشمه وشممته أشمه شما وشميما وتشممته واشتممته وشممته — I smelled it, and he smelled it, and I made him smell it, and I smelled it thoroughly, and I sniffed it, and I sniffed it, and I smelled it.

يشممنه لو يستطعن ارتشفنه — They would sniff it, and if they could, they would drink it.

شَمٌّnoun

1.
smellboth
The act or faculty of smelling; an odor.
2.
testingclassical
The act of testing or examining.

الشم: حس الأنف — The smell: the sense of the nose.

تَشَمَّمَverb

1.
to sniffboth
To sniff something thoroughly to draw its scent, often in search of something.
2.
to examine closelyclassical
To examine something closely by smelling it.

تشمم الشيء واشتمه أدناه من أنفه ليجتذب رائحته — He sniffed the thing and brought it close to his nose to draw its scent.

والتشمم كما تشمم البهيمة إذا التمست رعيا — And the sniffing is like an animal sniffing when it seeks pasture.

اشْتَمَّverb

1.
to smellboth
To smell something, often implying a thorough perception of the scent.
2.
to examineclassical
To examine by smelling.

تشمم الشيء واشتمه أدناه من أنفه ليجتذب رائحته — He sniffed the thing and brought it close to his nose to draw its scent.

فشمه واشتمه بمعنى — So he smelled it and he smelled it, meaning the same.

أَشَمَّverb

1.
to make smellboth
To cause someone to smell something.
2.
to approachclassical
To approach or draw near, especially to test or examine.
3.
to trim slightlyclassical
To take a small amount from something, like a surgeon or circumciser.

وأشمه إياه: جعله يشمه — And I made him smell it: I caused him to smell it.

أخرج إليه فأشامه قبل اللقاء — I will go out to him and test him before the encounter.

أشم الحجام الختان، والخافضة البظر: أخذا منهما قليلا — The circumciser trimmed the foreskin, and the clitoridectomy performer trimmed the clitoris: taking a little from them.

مِشَامَّةnoun

1.
mutual smellingclassical
The act of smelling something mutually or in turns.

تَشَامٌّnoun

1.
mutual smellingclassical
The act of smelling mutually or in turns.

مَشْمُومnoun

1.
muskclassical
A type of perfume, specifically musk.
2.
something smelledclassical
That which is smelled or perceived by scent.

والمشموم: المسك — And the mashmum: musk.

شَمَّامَاتnoun

1.
fragrancesclassical
Good scents that are smelled, a name like 'gibbanah' (a type of grave).

والشمامات: ما يتشمم من الأرواح الطيبة، اسم كالجبانة — And the shammamat: what is sniffed of good spirits, a name like al-gibbanah.

شَامَverb

1.
to testclassical
To test, examine, or investigate someone or something.
2.
to approachclassical
To approach or draw near, especially to observe or test.

شم إذا اختبر — He tested if he was tested.

فأشامه أي أختبره وأنظر ما عنده — So I tested him, meaning I examined him and saw what he had.

شَامَمَverb

1.
to approach and testclassical
To approach someone to test them or ascertain what they have.
2.
to draw nearclassical
To draw near to the enemy until visible to each other.

شاممت فلانا إذا قاربته وتعرفت ما عنده بالاختبار والكشف — You approach someone if you get close to them and ascertain what they have through testing and discovery.

شاممت العدو إذا دنوت منهم حتى يروك وتراهم — You approach the enemy if you draw near them until you see them and they see you.

إِشْمَامnoun

1.
vocalization hintclassical
A slight, inaudible hint of a vowel sound (like a subtle 'u' or 'i') given to a silent consonant, especially in Quranic recitation.
2.
slight movement of lipsclassical
A subtle movement of the lips indicating a vowel sound, not strong enough to be considered a full vowel.

والإشمام: روم الحرف الساكن بحركة خفية لا يعتد بها ولا تكسر وزنا — And ishmam: attempting to pronounce a silent letter with a subtle movement that is not counted and does not break the meter.

والإشمام أن يشم الحرف الساكن حرفا كقولك في الضمة هذا العمل وتسكت، فتجد في فيك إشماما للام لم يبلغ أن يكون واوا — And ishmam is for a silent letter to hint at a vowel, like when you say 'hadha al-'amal' with a dammah and pause, you find in your mouth a hint of a dammah for the 'lam' that doesn't reach the level of a 'waw'.

شَمَمnoun

1.
prominent noseboth
A nose with a raised bridge, a straight top, and a slightly elevated tip.
2.
loftinessclassical
Pride, haughtiness, or a sense of superiority.
3.
elevationclassical
Height or prominence, referring to a mountain or a person's head.
4.
nearnessclassical
Proximity or closeness.

والشمم في الأنف: ارتفاع القصبة وحسنها واستواء أعلاها وانتصاب الأرنبة — And shammam in the nose: the height of the bridge, its beauty, the straightness of its top, and the prominence of the tip.

وفي صفته، صلى الله عليه وسلم: يحسبه من لم يتأمله أشم — And in his description, peace be upon him: whoever does not contemplate him thinks he is proud.

والشمم: الدنو، اسم منه — And shammam: closeness, a noun derived from it.

أَشَمّadjective

1.
having a prominent noseboth
Describing a nose that is high, straight, and has a slightly elevated tip.
2.
proudboth
Haughty, arrogant, or having a high sense of self-worth.
3.
tallclassical
Referring to a tall mountain or a person with a high head.

ورجل أشم، وإذا وصف الشاعر فقال أشم فإنما يعني سيدا ذا أنفة — And a man with a prominent nose; and if a poet describes someone as 'ashamm', he means a proud leader.

وجبل أشم أي طويل الرأس بين الشمم فيهما — And a tall mountain, meaning long-headed, with prominence in both.

يحسبه من لم يتأمله أشم — Whoever does not contemplate him thinks he is proud.

شَمَّاءadjective

1.
proudboth
A proud or haughty woman.
2.
prominent-nosedclassical
A woman with a prominent nose.

ورجل أشم وامرأة شماء — And a proud man and a proud woman.

شَمَّname

1.
name of a hillclassical
A proper name for a hill or elevated place.

وشماء: اسم أكمة — And Shammaa: the name of a hill.

شَمَامname

1.
name of a mountainclassical
A proper name for a mountain, often described as having two peaks.

وشمام: اسم جبل — And Shamam: the name of a mountain.

ولشمام هذا الجبل رأسان يسميان ابني شمام — And this mountain Shamam has two peaks called the sons of Shamam.

شَمَامِسnoun

1.
remaining datesclassical
The dates that remain on the palm after harvesting.

يقال لما يبقى على الكباسة من الرطب الشماشم — What remains on the palm of dates is called shamam.

قَتَبٌ شَمِيمٌadjective phrase

1.
high saddle hornclassical
A saddle horn that is tall and prominent.

إلى كتفين، كالقتب الشميم — To shoulders, like a tall saddle horn.

Parallel reading

الشم: حس الأنف

The smell: the sense of the nose.

شممته أشمه وشممته أشمه شما وشميما وتشممته واشتممته وشممته

I smelled it, and he smelled it, and I made him smell it, and I smelled it thoroughly, and I sniffed it, and I sniffed it, and I smelled it.

يشممنه لو يستطعن ارتشفنه

They would sniff it, and if they could, they would drink it.

إذا سفنه يزددن نكبا على نكب

If they sailed them, they would increase in hardship upon hardship.

تشمم الشيء واشتمه أدناه من أنفه ليجتذب رائحته

He sniffed the thing and brought it close to his nose to draw its scent.

وأشمه إياه: جعله يشمه

And I made him smell it: I caused him to smell it.

وتشممت الشيء: شممته في مهلة

And I sniffed the thing: I smelled it leisurely.

وأشممت فلانا الطيب فشمه واشتمه بمعنى

And I made so-and-so smell the perfume, so he smelled it and perceived its scent, meaning the same.

ومن التشمم كما تشمم البهيمة إذا التمست رعيا

And the sniffing is like an animal sniffing when it seeks pasture.

يحملن أترجة نضح العبير بها، ... كأن تطيابها في الأنف مشموم

They carry a citron exuding fragrance, ... as if its perfume is lingering in the nose.

وقيل: أراد أن رائحتها باقية في الأنف، كما يقال: أكلت طعاما هو في فمي إلى الآن

And it was said: he meant that its scent remains in the nose, as one says: I ate food that is still in my mouth.

والمشموم: المسك

And the mashmum: musk.

ابن الأعرابي: شم إذا اختبر

Ibn al-A'rabi: 'shamma' means to test.

وفي حديث علي، كرم الله وجهه، حين أراد أن يبرز لعمرو بن ود قال: أخرج إليه فأشامه قبل اللقاء أي أختبره وأنظر ما عنده

And in the narration of Ali, may God honor his face, when he wanted to confront Amr ibn Abd Wudd, he said: I will go out to him and test him before the encounter, meaning I will examine him and see what he has.

يقال: شاممت فلانا إذا قاربته وتعرفت ما عنده بالاختبار والكشف

It is said: you approach someone if you get close to them and ascertain what they have through testing and discovery.

ومن قولهم: شاممناهم ثم ناوشناهم

And from their saying: we approached them, then we engaged them.

والإشمام: روم الحرف الساكن بحركة خفية لا يعتد بها ولا تكسر وزنا

And ishmam: attempting to pronounce a silent letter with a subtle movement that is not counted and does not break the meter.

متى أنام لا يؤرقني الكري مجزوم القاف قال بعد ذلك: وسمعت بعض العرب يشمها الرفع كأنه قال متى أنام غير مؤرق؟

When shall I sleep, not disturbed by slumber, the 'qaf' is jussive. He said afterwards: And I heard some Arabs give it a hint of raising (dammah), as if he said: When shall I sleep, not disturbed?

والإشمام أن يشم الحرف الساكن حرفا كقولك في الضمة هذا العمل وتسكت، فتجد في فيك إشماما للام لم يبلغ أن يكون واوا

And ishmam is for a silent letter to hint at a vowel, like when you say 'hadha al-'amal' with a dammah and pause, you find in your mouth a hint of a dammah for the 'lam' that doesn't reach the level of a 'waw'.

والحرف الذي فيه الإشمام ساكن أو كالساكن مثل قول الشاعر: متى أنام لا يؤرقني الكري

And the letter that has ishmam is silent or like silent, like the poet's saying: When shall I sleep, not disturbed by slumber.

العرب تشم القاف شيئا من الضمة، ولو اعتددت بحركة الإشمام لانكسر البيت

The Arabs give the 'qaf' a hint of a dammah; if the movement of ishmam were counted, the verse would be broken.

أشم الحجام الختان، والخافضة البظر: أخذا منهما قليلا

The circumciser trimmed the foreskin, and the clitoridectomy performer trimmed the clitoris: taking a little from them.

إذا خفضت فأشمي ولا تنهكي فإنه أضوأ للوجه وأحظى لها عند الزوج

If you perform clitoridectomy, trim slightly and do not cut excessively, for it is more radiant for the face and more pleasing to the husband.

وشاممت العدو إذا دنوت منهم حتى يروك وتراهم

And you approach the enemy if you draw near them until you see them and they see you.

والشمم: الدنو، اسم منه، يقال: شاممناهم وناوشناهم

And shammam: closeness, a noun derived from it; it is said: we approached them and engaged them.

ولم يأت للأمر الذي حال دونه ... رجال هم أعداؤك، الدهر، من شمم

And he did not come for the matter that stood between him and it... men who are your enemies, forever, from closeness.

والمشامة: الدنو من العدو حتى يتراءى الفريقان

And al-mashammah: drawing near to the enemy until the two sides are visible to each other.

ويقال: شامم فلانا أي انظر ما عنده

And it is said: approach so-and-so, meaning see what he has.

وشاممت الرجل إذا قاربته ودنوت منه

And you approach a man if you get close to him and draw near to him.

والشمم في الأنف: ارتفاع القصبة وحسنها واستواء أعلاها وانتصاب الأرنبة

And shammam in the nose: the height of the bridge, its beauty, the straightness of its top, and the prominence of the tip.

ورجل أشم، وإذا وصف الشاعر فقال أشم فإنما يعني سيدا ذا أنفة

And a man with a prominent nose; and if a poet describes someone as 'ashamm', he means a proud leader.

وجبل أشم أي طويل الرأس بين الشمم فيهما

And a tall mountain, meaning long-headed, with prominence in both.

يحسبه من لم يتأمله أشم

Whoever does not contemplate him thinks he is proud.

شم العرانين أبطال لبوسهم جمع أشم

Proud of lineage, heroes whose attire is a proud gathering.

ومن قولهم للمتكبر العالي: شمخ بأنفه

And from their saying about the arrogant and lofty: he sniffed with his nose.

ورجل أشم وامرأة شماء

And a proud man and a proud woman.

أشم الرجل يشم إشماما، وهو أن يمر رافعا رأسه

A man is proud, he acts proudly, which is to pass with his head raised.

عرضت عليه كذا وكذا فإذا هو مشم لا يريده

I offered him such and such, and he was proud and did not want it.

ويقال: وبينا هم في وجه إذ أشموا أي عدلوا

And it is said: while they were on a course, they veered off, meaning they turned aside.

إذا جاروا عن وجوههم يمينا وشمالا

If they deviate from their course to the right or left.

ومنكب أشم: مرتفع المشاشة

And a prominent shoulder: the raised part of the shoulder blade.

وشماء: اسم أكمة؛ وعليه فسر ابن كيسان قول الحرث بن حلزة: بعد عهد لنا ببرقة شماء، ... فأدنى ديارها الخلصاء

And Shammaa: the name of a hill; and based on this, Ibn Kaysan interpreted the saying of Al-Harith ibn Hilliza: After a time we had with Burqat Shammaa, ... its nearest dwellings are Al-Khalsaa.

وجبل أشم: طويل الرأس

And a tall mountain: long-headed.

والشمام: جبل له رأسان يسميان ابني شمام

And Shamam: a mountain with two peaks called the sons of Shamam.

عاينت مشعلة الرعال، كأنها ... طير يغاول في شمام وكورا

I saw a firebrand of the young, as if it were... a bird swooping in Shamam and a nest.

فإن أصبحت تطلب ذاك، فانقل ... شماما والمقر إلى وعال

If you wake up seeking that, then move... Shamam and Al-Maqar towards Wa'al.

فهل نبئت عن أخوين داما ... على الأحداث، إلا ابني شمام؟

Have you been told of two brothers who endured... through hardships, except the two sons of Shamam?

يقال لما يبقى على الكباسة من الرطب الشماشم

What remains on the palm of dates is called shamam.

وقتب شميم أي مرتفع

And a high saddle horn, meaning elevated.

ملاعبة العنان بغصن بان ... إلى كتفين، كالقتب الشميم

Playing with the reins of a Ban tree branch... to shoulders, like a tall saddle horn.