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خشم

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the nose and its parts, including its shape, internal structure, and ailments affecting it. It also extends metaphorically to the prominent parts of mountains and to a state of intoxication.

Derived headwords

خَشَمَverb
  1. 1.
    to smell foulclassical

    The smell of meat changed, becoming foul.

  2. 2.
    to break the noseclassical

    He broke his nose.

خَشْمًاnoun
  1. 1.
    foul smellclassical

    A foul smell, specifically referring to the change in the smell of meat.

  2. 2.
    breaking the noseclassical

    The act of breaking the nose.

أَخْشَمَverb
  1. 1.
    to smell foulclassical

    The smell of meat changed, becoming foul.

الخَيْشُومnoun
  1. 1.
    nasal cavityboth

    The part of the nose above the nostril and the cartilage below it; or the innermost part of the nose between it and the brain; or veins within the nose; or the furthest part of the nose.

  2. 2.
    prominent part of a mountainclassical

    The prominent, nose-like part of a mountain.

خَشْمnoun
  1. 1.
    breakage of the noseclassical

    The breaking of the nasal cartilage.

  2. 2.
    wide noseclassical

    The width of the nose.

  3. 3.
    nasal ailmentclassical

    A disease affecting the inside of the nose, causing a change in smell.

  4. 4.
    loss of smellclassical

    The falling out of the nasal cartilages and blockage of the airway, leading to an inability to smell.

خَشَمَverb
  1. 1.
    to break the noseclassical

    He broke his nose.

خَيَاشِيمnoun
  1. 1.
    nasal cavitiesboth

    The plural of Khaythum, referring to the internal parts of the nose.

  2. 2.
    prominent parts of mountainsclassical

    The nose-like, prominent parts of mountains.

خَشِمَverb
  1. 1.
    to have a wide noseclassical

    He had a wide nose.

خُشُومًاnoun
  1. 1.
    width of the noseclassical

    The width of the nose.

أَخْشَمadjective
  1. 1.
    having a wide noseclassical

    Describing someone with a wide nose.

  2. 2.
    unable to smellclassical

    One who cannot smell anything, due to a nasal ailment or blockage.

الخُشَامnoun
  1. 1.
    nasal ailmentclassical

    A disease affecting the nose, similar to 'khashm', causing a change in smell.

  2. 2.
    large noseclassical

    A large nose, even if not prominent.

  3. 3.
    large mountainclassical

    A large or tall mountain.

مَخْشُومadjective
  1. 1.
    afflicted with a nasal ailmentclassical

    One suffering from a disease of the nose.

  2. 2.
    intoxicatedclassical

    Drunk, especially from the strong scent of wine affecting the brain.

تَخَشَّمَverb
  1. 1.
    to become intoxicatedclassical

    To become drunk, as the scent of wine rises to the nasal cavity and affects the brain.

مُخَشَّمadjective
  1. 1.
    intoxicatedclassical

    Severely drunk, possibly derived from the strong scent affecting the nose and brain.

الخَشْمَةnoun
  1. 1.
    intoxicationclassical

    The state of being drunk, resulting from the scent of wine affecting the brain.

خُشَامnoun
  1. 1.
    large noseclassical

    A large nose.

  2. 2.
    large mountainclassical

    A large mountain.

خُشَامadjective
  1. 1.
    thick-nosedclassical

    Describing a person with a thick nose.

  2. 2.
    thick-nosed mountainclassical

    Describing a mountain with a thick, prominent feature.

خَيْشُومnoun
  1. 1.
    black filaments in boneclassical

    Black filaments and larvae found in bone, with the filament being a thin, flesh-like substance.

ابن الخشامname
  1. 1.
    a knight's nameclassical

    A proper name of a knight.

Parallel reading

خَشَمَ اللحمُ خشْمًا وأخْشَمَ: تَغَيَّرَتْ رائحتُهُ.
Meat became foul (khashama and akhshama): its smell changed.
والخَيْشُومُ مِن الأنفِ: ما فَوْقَ نَخْرَتِهِ مِن القَصَبَةِ وما تَحْتَها مِن خَشَارِمِ رأْسِهِ
And the khaythum of the nose: is what is above its nostril of the cartilage and what is below it of the head's khasharim.
وقيل: الخياشيمُ غَرَاضِيفُ في أقصى الأنفِ بينَهُ وبينَ الدِّماغِ
And it was said: the khayashim are cartilages in the furthest part of the nose between it and the brain.
وقيل: هي عُرُوقٌ في باطنِ الأنفِ، وقيل: الخَيْشُومُ أقصى الأنفِ.
And it was said: they are veins in the interior of the nose, and it was said: the khaythum is the furthest part of the nose.
والخَشْمُ: كَسْرُ الخَيْشُومِ؛
And al-khashm: is the breaking of the khaythum;
خَشَمَهُ يَخْشِمُهُ خَشْمًا: كَسَرَ خَيْشُومَهُ.
He broke his khaythum (khashamahu yakhshimuhu khashman): he broke his khaythum.
وخَيَاشِيمُ الجبالِ: أنوفُها؛
And the khayashim of the mountains: are their noses;
وأنشدَ ابنُ بَرِّيٍّ لذي الرِّمَّةِ: مِن ذِرْوَةِ الصُّمَّانِ خَيْشُومُ
And Ibn Barrī narrated for Dhi al-Rammah: From the peak of al-Summan is a khaythum (prominent part).
وقيلَ لابْنَةِ الخَسِّ أيُّ البِلادِ أمْرَأ؟ قالتْ: خَيَاشِيمُ الحُزْنِ أو جَوَّاءُ الصُّمَّانِ.
And it was said to the daughter of al-Khas: Which lands are most pleasant? She said: The khayashim (prominent parts) of the desert or the plains of al-Summan.
والخَشْمُ والخُشُومُ: سَعَةُ الأنفِ، خَشِمَ خَشْمًا وخُشُومًا وهو أخْشَمُ.
And al-khashm and al-khushum: are the width of the nose; he had a wide nose (khashima khashman wa khushuman) and he is akhsham (wide-nosed).
والخَشْمُ: داءٌ يأخُذُ في جَوْفِ الأنفِ فَتَتَغَيَّرُ رائحتُهُ؛
And al-khashm: is a disease that affects the interior of the nose, causing its smell to change;
والخُشَامُ: داءٌ يأخُذُ فيهِ وَسَدَةٌ، وصاحِبُهُ مَخْشُومٌ.
And al-khusham: is a disease that affects it with swelling, and its sufferer is makhshum (afflicted).
ورجلٌ أخْشَمُ بَيِّنُ الخَشَمِ: وهو داءٌ يَعْتَرِي الأنفَ.
And a man is akhsham, clearly showing the khasham: which is a disease that affects the nose.
وفلانٌ ظاهِرُ الخَيْشُومِ أي واسِعُ الأنفِ؛
And so-and-so is outwardly khaythum (prominent-nosed) meaning wide-nosed;
وأنشدَ: أخْشَمُ بادي النَّعْوِ والخَيْشُومِ
And he recited: Wide-nosed, showing the prominence and the khaythum.
والخَشْمُ: سُقُوطُ الخَيَاشِيمِ وانْسِدَادُ المُتَنَفَّسِ ولا يَكَادُ الأخْشَمُ يَشُمُّ شيئًا.
And al-khashm: is the falling out of the nasal cartilages and blockage of the airway, and the akhsham (one unable to smell) can hardly smell anything.
والخُشَامُ: كالخَشْمِ.
And al-khusham: is like al-khashm (a nasal ailment).
وفي الأنفِ ثلاثةُ أعْظُمٍ فإذا انكَسَرَ منها عظمٌ تَخَشَّمَ الخَيْشُومُ فَصارَ مَخْشُومًا.
And in the nose are three bones; so if one bone breaks, the khaythum becomes deformed (takhashshama) and becomes makhshum (deformed).
والأخْشَمُ: الذي لا يَجِدُ رِيحَ طِيبٍ ولا نَتِنٍ.
And al-akhsham: is one who does not find the smell of pleasant or foul things.
وفي الحديثِ: لَقِيَ اللهَ وهو أخْشَمُ.
And in the Hadith: He met Allah while he was akhsham (unable to smell).
وفي حديثِ عُمَرَ: أنَّ مَرْجانَةَ وليدَتَهُ أتَتْ بِوَلَدِ زِنًا، فَكانَ عُمَرُ يَحْمِلُهُ على عاتِقِهِ ويَسْلِتُ خَشْمَهُ؛
And in the narration of Umar: Marjana, his slave girl, brought a child born of adultery, so Umar used to carry him on his shoulder and wipe his khashm (nasal mucus);
الخَشْمُ: ما سالَ مِن الخَيَاشِيمِ أي يَمْسَحُ مُخاطَهُ وما سالَ مِنْ خَيْشُومِهِ.
Al-khashm: is what flows from the khayashim, meaning wiping his mucus and what flows from his khaythum.
ورجلٌ مَخْشُومٌ ومُتَخَشِّمٌ ومُخَشَّمٌ، بفتحِ الشينِ مُشَدَّدَةً: سَكْرَانُ، مُشْتَقٌّ مِن الخَيْشُومِ؛
And a man is makhshum, mutakhashshim, and mukhsham, with the shin open and doubled: is drunk, derived from al-khaythum;
قالَ الأعْشَى: إذا كانَ هِنْزِمَنٌ ورُحْتُ مُخَشَّمًا
Al-A'sha said: When it was Hinziman and I went, I was mukhsham (intoxicated).
وخَشَمَهُ الشَّرابُ: تَثَوَّرَتْ رِيحُهُ في الخَيْشُومِ وخالَطَتِ الدِّماغَ فأسْكَرَتْهُ، والاسْمُ الخَشْمَةُ،
And the drink intoxicated him (khashamahu al-sharabu): its scent rose in the khaythum and mixed with the brain, thus intoxicating him, and the name is al-khashmah,
وقيلَ: المُخَشَّمُ السَّكْرَانُ الشَّديدُ السُّكْرِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أنْ يُشْتَقَّ مِن الخَيْشُومِ.
And it was said: Al-mukhsham is the severely drunk one, not derived from al-khaythum.
والتَّخَشُّمُ مِن السُّكْرِ، وذلكَ أنَّ رِيحَ الشَّرابِ تَثُورُ في خَيْشُومِ الشَّارِبِ ثمَّ تُخالِطُ الدِّماغَ فَيَذْهَبُ العَقْلُ، فَيُقالُ: تَخَشَّمَ وخَشَمَهُ الشَّرابُ؛
And al-takhashshum is from intoxication, and that is because the scent of the drink rises in the drinker's khaythum, then mixes with the brain, and the intellect is lost, so it is said: he became intoxicated (takhashshama) and the drink intoxicated him (khashamahu);
وأنشدَ: فأرْغَمَ اللهُ الأنوفَ الرُّغْمَا، ... مَجْدُوعَها والعَنَتَ المُخَشَّمَا
And he recited: May Allah humiliate the noses, ... the one with a broken nose and the afflicted/broken one.
أي المَكْسُورَ.
Meaning the broken one.
والخُشَامُ: العَظِيمُ مِن الأنوفِ وإنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مُشْرِفًا.
And al-khusham: is the large one among noses, even if it is not prominent.
ويُقالُ: إنَّ أنْفَ فُلانٍ لَخُشَامٌ إذا كانَ عَظِيمًا.
And it is said: So-and-so's nose is indeed khusham if it is large.
ورجلٌ خُشَامٌ، بالضَّمِّ: غَلِيظُ الأنفِ، وكذلكَ الجَبَلُ الذي لهُ أنْفٌ غَلِيظٌ.
And a man is khusham, with damma: thick-nosed, and likewise a mountain that has a thick nose.
والخَيْشُومُ: سَلائِلُ سُودٌ ونَغْفٌ في العَظْمِ، والسَّلِيلَةُ هَنَةٌ رَقِيقَةٌ كاللحْمِ.
And al-khaythum: are black filaments and larvae in the bone, and the salilah is a thin substance like flesh.
وخَيَاشِيمُ الجبالِ: أنوفُها.
And the khayashim of the mountains: are their noses.
والخُشَامُ: العَظِيمُ مِن الجبالِ؛
And al-khusham: is the large one among mountains;
وأنشدَ: ويُضْحَى بهِ الرَّعْنُ الخُشَامُ كأنَّهُ، ... وَرَاءَ الثَّنايا، شَخْصُ أكْلَفَ مُرْقِلُ
And he recited: And by it the lofty, large mountain becomes visible as if, ... behind the front teeth, a spotted, striding figure.
أبو عَمْرٍو: الخُشَامُ الطَّويلُ مِن الجبالِ الذي لهُ أنْفٌ.
Abu Amr: Al-khusham is the tall mountain that has a prominent feature (nose).
وابنُ الخَشَّامِ: مِنْ فُرْسانِهِمْ؛
And Ibn al-Khashsham: is among their knights;
قالَ مَرْقُشٌ: أبَأْتُ، بِثَعْلَبَةَ بنِ الخَشَّامِ، ... عَمْرَو بنَ عَوْفٍ فَزَاحَ الوَهَلُ
Marqash said: I sought refuge, with Tha'labah ibn al-Khashsham, ... from Amr ibn Awf, so the fear receded.