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جزم

Root entry · 20 derived lemmas

The root جزم (j-z-m) primarily relates to the concept of cutting, severing, and finalizing. This extends to meanings of decisiveness, completion, and finality, particularly in speech, grammar, and actions. It also encompasses senses related to eating, filling, and specific types of writing and animal groups.

Derived headwords

الجَزْمnoun
  1. 1.
    cuttingboth

    The act of cutting or severing something completely.

  2. 2.
    finalityboth

    A state of decisiveness or finality, leaving no room for doubt or return.

  3. 3.
    grammatical sukoonclassical

    In grammar, the absence of a vowel or case ending on the final letter of a word, signifying a cut-off from inflection.

  4. 4.
    scriptclassical

    A specific style of Arabic script, characterized by its straightness and uniformity.

  5. 5.
    silenceclassical

    The act of being silent or refraining from speaking.

  6. 6.
    inabilityclassical

    A state of being unable or incapacitated.

  7. 7.
    mealclassical

    A single, substantial meal.

  8. 8.
    estimationclassical

    The act of estimating or guessing the yield of date palms.

  9. 9.
    purchaseclassical

    The act of buying date palms or their produce.

  10. 10.
    partclassical

    A portion or share, especially of date palms.

  11. 11.
    animal groupclassical

    A specific number or group of livestock, particularly camels or sheep.

جَزَمَverb
  1. 1.
    to cutboth

    To cut something off completely, severing it.

  2. 2.
    to finalizeboth

    To make a decision or an oath final and binding.

  3. 3.
    to completeboth

    To finish an action or task decisively, with no possibility of reversal.

  4. 4.
    to make silentclassical

    To cause a letter to be silent or have no vowel ending.

  5. 5.
    to fillclassical

    To fill a waterskin completely.

  6. 6.
    to estimateclassical

    To estimate the yield of date palms.

  7. 7.
    to buyclassical

    To purchase date palms or their produce.

  8. 8.
    to be unableclassical

    To become incapable or incapacitated.

  9. 9.
    to be silentclassical

    To remain silent.

  10. 10.
    to drink deeplyclassical

    For camels to drink their fill of water.

أَجْزَمَverb
  1. 1.
    to cutboth

    To cut something off; a causative form of جزم.

  2. 2.
    to fillclassical

    To fill a waterskin completely.

  3. 3.
    to buy and sellclassical

    To buy date palms and then sell them.

جَزَمْتُverb
  1. 1.
    I cutboth

    First-person singular past tense of جزم, meaning 'I cut'.

  2. 2.
    I finalizedboth

    First-person singular past tense of جزم, meaning 'I finalized'.

يَجْزِمُverb
  1. 1.
    he cutsboth

    Third-person masculine singular present tense of جزم, meaning 'he cuts'.

  2. 2.
    he finalizesboth

    Third-person masculine singular present tense of جزم, meaning 'he finalizes'.

اِجْتَزَمَverb
  1. 1.
    to estimateclassical

    To estimate the yield of date palms.

  2. 2.
    to buyclassical

    To buy date palms, especially when they are ripening.

  3. 3.
    to buy and sellclassical

    To buy a property like a sheep pen and then sell it.

مُجْتَزِمnoun
  1. 1.
    buyer of datesclassical

    One who buys the fruit of date palms.

  2. 2.
    estimatorclassical

    One who estimates the yield of date palms.

مُجْزِمnoun
  1. 1.
    waterskinclassical

    A waterskin that is full.

  2. 2.
جُزْمَةnoun
  1. 1.
    mealclassical

    A single, substantial meal.

  2. 2.
    group of animalsclassical

    A group of livestock, particularly camels or sheep, often around a hundred.

  3. 3.
    herd of camelsclassical

    A specific term for a group of camels.

  4. 4.
    flock of sheepclassical

    A specific term for a group of sheep.

جَازِمadjective
  1. 1.
    decisiveboth

    Making a final decision or cutting off doubt.

  2. 2.
    fullclassical

    For a waterskin, meaning completely filled.

  3. 3.
    wateredclassical

    For camels, meaning having drunk their fill of water.

تَجْزِيمnoun
  1. 1.
    fillingclassical

    The act of filling a waterskin completely.

اِنْجَزَمَverb
  1. 1.
    to be cutboth

    To be cut or severed; passive form of جزم.

  2. 2.
    to breakclassical

    For a bone to break or fracture.

تَجَزَّمَverb
  1. 1.
    to crackclassical

    For a stick or staff to crack or split.

جَازِمٌnoun
  1. 1.
    decisive personclassical

    A person who makes decisive or final decisions.

جَوَازِمnoun
  1. 1.
    camels that drank their fillclassical

    Plural of جازم, referring to camels that have drunk their fill of water.

قَلَمٌ جَزْمnoun
  1. 1.
    straight penclassical

    A pen that writes with straight, uniform strokes, lacking embellishment.

جَزْمٌnoun
  1. 1.
    early occurrenceclassical

    Something that happens before its proper time.

وَزْمٌnoun
  1. 1.
    timely occurrenceclassical

    Something that happens at its proper or appointed time.

جَزَمَ بِسُلْحِهِverb
  1. 1.
    to expel partiallyclassical

    To expel part of its contents, with some remaining.

خَذَفَverb
  1. 1.
    to expel partiallyclassical

    To expel part of its contents, with some remaining (synonym for جزم بسلحه).

Parallel reading

الجَزْمُ: القَطْعُ.
Al-jazm: the cutting.
جَزَمْتُ الشَّيْءَ أَجْزِمُهُ جَزْمًا: قَطَعْتُهُ.
I cut the thing, I cut it decisively: I cut it.
وَجَزَمْتُ اليَمِينَ جَزْمًا: أَمْضَيْتُهَا، وَحَلَفَ يَمِينًا حَتْمًا جَزْمًا.
And I finalized the oath decisively: I carried it out, and he swore an oath, certainly and decisively.
وَكُلُّ أَمْرٍ قَطَعْتَهُ قَطْعًا لَا عَوْدَةَ فِيهِ، فَقَدْ جَزَمْتَهُ.
And every matter that you cut off completely with no return, you have finalized it.
وَجَزَمْتُ مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ أَيْ قَطَعْتُهُ؛
And I severed what was between me and him, meaning I cut it off;
وَمِنْهُ جَزْمُ الحَرْفِ، وَهُوَ فِي الإِعْرَابِ كَالسُّكُونِ فِي البِنَاءِ، تَقُولُ جَزَمْتُ الحَرْفَ فَانْجَزَمَ.
And from it is the jazm of the letter, which in inflection is like sukoon in construction; you say 'I made the letter jazm' and it became jazm.
فَالحَرْفُ المَجْزُومُ آخِرُهُ لَا إِعْرَابَ لَهُ.
For the letter whose end is jazm has no inflection.
وَمِنَ القِرَاءَةِ أَنْ تَجْزِمَ الكَلَامَ جَزْمًا بِوَضْعِ الحُرُوفِ مَوَاضِعَهَا فِي بَيَانٍ وَمَهَلٍ.
And among the ways of recitation is to recite the speech decisively by placing the letters in their proper positions with clarity and deliberation.
وَالجَزْمُ: الحَرْفُ إِذَا سَكَنَ آخِرُهُ.
And al-jazm: the letter when its end is silent.
إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ الجَزْمُ فِي النَّحْوِ جَزْمًا لِأَنَّ الجَزْمَ فِي كَلَامِ العَرَبِ القَطْعُ.
Jazm in grammar is only called jazm because al-jazm in the speech of the Arabs means cutting.
يُقَالُ: افْعَلْ ذَلِكَ جَزْمًا فَكَأَنَّهُ قَطَعَ الإِعْرَابَ عَنِ الحَرْفِ.
It is said: Do that decisively, as if it has cut off the inflection from the letter.
وَالجَزْمُ إِسْكَانُ الحَرْفِ عَنْ حَرَكَتِهِ مِنَ الإِعْرَابِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، لِقُصُورِهِ عَنْ حَظِّهِ مِنْهُ وَانْقِطَاعِهِ عَنِ الحَرَكَةِ وَمَدِّ الصَّوْتِ بِهَا لِلإِعْرَابِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ السُّكُونُ فِي مَوْضُوعِ الكَلِمَةِ وَأَوَّلِيَّتِهَا لَمْ يُسَمَّ جَزْمًا، لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا حَظٌّ فَقَصُرَتْ عَنْهُ.
And al-jazm is the silencing of a letter from its vowel of inflection, due to its falling short of its due and its being cut off from the vowel and the elongation of the voice for inflection. If the silence is inherent to the word's structure and its origin, it is not called jazm, because it never had a vowel to fall short of.
وَفِي حَدِيثِ النَّخَعِيِّ: التَّكْبِيرُ جَزْمٌ وَالتَّسْلِيمُ جَزْمٌ؛ أَرَادَ أَنَّهُمَا لَا يُمَدَّانِ وَلَا يُعْرَبُ آخِرُ حُرُوفِهِمَا، وَلَكِنْ يُسَكَّنُ فَيُقَالُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، إِذَا وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَا يُقَالُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ فِي الوَقْفِ.
And in the narration of Al-Nakha'i: Takbir is jazm and Taslim is jazm; he meant that they are not elongated and their final letters are not inflected, but rather are silenced, so one says: Allahu Akbar, when pausing, and not Allahu Akbaru in the pause.
وَالعَرَبُ تُسَمِّي خَطَّنَا هَذَا جَزْمًا.
And the Arabs call this script of ours jazm.
وَالجَزْمُ هَذَا الخَطُّ المُؤَلَّفُ مِنْ حُرُوفِ المُعْجَمِ؛ قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ: سُمِّيَ جَزْمًا لِأَنَّهُ جَزَمَ عَنِ المُسْنَدِ، وَهُوَ خَطُّ حِمْيَرَ فِي أَيَّامِ مُلْكِهِمْ، أَيْ قُطِعَ.
And al-jazm is this script composed of the letters of the alphabet; Abu Hatim said: It was named jazm because it was severed from the attributed text, and it is the script of Himyar during their reign, meaning it was cut off.
وَجَزَمَ عَلَى الأَمْرِ وَجَزَمَ: سَكَتَ.
And he was silent about the matter and he was silent: he was quiet.
وَجَزَمَ عَنِ الشَّيْءِ: عَجَزَ «1». وَجَبُنَ.
And he refrained from the thing: he was unable. And he was cowardly.
وَجَزَمَ القَوْمُ إِذَا عَجَزُوا وَبَقِيَتْ مَجْزَمًا: مُنْقَطِعًا؛
And the people became unable when they were incapacitated and remained cut off: severed;
وَلَكِنِّي مَضَيْتُ وَلَمْ أَجْزِمْ، ... وَكَانَ الصَّبْرُ عَادَةَ أُولِينَا
But I proceeded and did not falter, ... And patience was the habit of our forefathers.
وَالجَزْمُ مِنَ الخَطِّ: تَسْوِيَةُ الحَرْفِ.
And al-jazm of the script: the straightening of the letter.
وَقَلَمٌ جَزْمٌ: لَا حَرْفَ لَهُ.
And a jazm pen: it has no (embellished) stroke.
وَجَزَمَ القِرَاءَةَ جَزْمًا: وَضَعَ الحُرُوفَ مَوَاضِعَهَا فِي بَيَانٍ وَمَهَلٍ.
And he recited the recitation decisively: he placed the letters in their positions with clarity and deliberation.
وَجَزَمْتُ القِرْبَةَ: مَلَأْتُهَا، وَالتَّجْزِيمُ مِثْلُهُ.
And I filled the waterskin: I filled it, and al-tajzim is similar.
وَسِقَاءٌ جَازِمٌ وَمُجْزِمٌ: مُمْتَلِئٌ؛
And a waterskin, jazim and mujzim: is full;
جَذْلَانَ يَسِرُّ جِلَّةً مَكْنُوزَةً، ... دَسْمَاءَ بَاحُونَةً وَطَبًّا مُجَزَّمَا
Joyful, it moves a stored abundance, ... a rich, abundant, and fully filled waterskin.
وَقَدْ جَزَمَهُ جَزْمًا: قَالَ صَخْرُ الغَيِّ: فَلَمَّا جَزَمْتُ بِهَا قِرْبَتِي، ... تَيَمَّمْتُ أَطْرِقَةً أَوْ خَلِيفًا
And he filled it completely: Sakhr al-Ghayy said: When I filled my waterskin with it, ... I headed for paths or a mountain pass.
وَالخَلِيفُ: طَرِيقٌ بَيْنَ جَبَلَيْنِ.
And al-khalif: a path between two mountains.
وَجَزَمَهُ: كَجَزَمَهُ.
And he filled it: like he filled it.
وَيُقَالُ لِلسِّقَاءِ مُجْزِمٌ، وَجَمْعُهُ مَجَازِمُ.
And a waterskin is called mujzim, and its plural is majazim.
وَالجُزْمَةُ: الأَكْلَةُ الوَاحِدَةُ.
And al-juzmah: the single meal.
وَجَزَمَ يَجْزِمُ جَزْمًا: أَكَلَ أُكْلَةً تَمْلَأُ عَنْهُ؛ عَنِ ابْنِ الأَعْرَابِيِّ.
And he ate, he ate decisively, a decisive meal: he ate a meal that filled him; from Ibn al-A'rabi.
وَقَالَ ثَعْلَبٌ: جَزَمَ إِذَا أَكَلَ أُكْلَةً فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ.
And Tha'lab said: He ate decisively if he ate one meal in every day and night.
وَجَزَمَ النَّخْلَ يَجْزِمُهُ جَزْمًا وَاجْتَزَمَهُ: خَرَصَهُ وَحَزَرَهُ؛
And he estimated the date palms, he estimated them decisively, and he estimated them: he appraised and guessed their yield;
وَقَدْ رُوِيَ بَيْتُ الأَعْشَى: هُوَ الوَاهِبُ المِائَةَ المُصْطَفَاةَ، ... كَالنَّخْلِ طَافَ بِهَا المُجْتَزِمُ بِالزَّايِ، مَكَانَ المُجْتَرِمِ، بِالرَّاءِ؛
And the verse of Al-A'sha has been narrated: He is the one who gifts the hundred chosen ones, ... like date palms, the estimator circled them with 'zay', instead of the harvester with 'ra';
فَقَالَ: أَرَادَ أَنَّهُ يَهَبُهَا عُشَارًا فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلَادَهَا قَدْ بَلَغَتْ أَنْ تَنْتِجَ كَالنَّخْلِ الَّتِي بَلَغَتْ أَنْ تُجْتَرَمَ أَيْ تُصْرَمَ، فَالجَارِمُ يَطُوفُ بِهَا لِصَرْمِهَا.
So he said: He meant that he gifts them as a tenth, with their offspring inside them having reached the stage of giving birth, like date palms that have reached the stage of being harvested, so the harvester circles them for their harvesting.
وَيُقَالُ: اجْتَزَمَ النَّخْلَةَ اشْتَرَى تَمْرَهَا فَقَطْ.
And it is said: He bought the date palm, he bought only its dates.
وَقَالَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ: الاجْتِزَامُ شِرَاءُ النَّخْلِ إِذَا أَرْطَبَ.
And Abu Hanifa said: Al-ijtizam is buying date palms when they ripen.
وَاجْتَزَمَ فُلَانٌ حَظِيرَةَ فُلَانٍ إِذَا اشْتَرَاهَا، قَالَ: وَهِيَ لُغَةُ أَهْلِ اليَمَامَةِ.
And so-and-so bought so-and-so's enclosure if he bought it, he said: And this is a dialect of the people of Yamama.
وَاجْتَزَمَ فُلَانٌ نَخْلَ فُلَانٍ فَأَجْزَمَهُ إِذَا ابْتَاعَهُ مِنْهُ فَبَاعَهُ.
And so-and-so bought so-and-so's date palms and he made him sell them if he bought them from him and then sold them.
وَجَزَمَ مِنْ نَخْلِهِ جَزْمًا أَيْ نَصِيبًا.
And he took a share from his date palms, a share, meaning a portion.
ابْنُ الأَعْرَابِيِّ: إِذَا بَاعَ الثَّمَرَةَ فِي أَكْمَامِهَا بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فَذَلِكَ الجَزْمُ.
Ibn al-A'rabi: If he sells the fruit in its sheaths for dirhams, that is al-jazm.
وَالجَزْمُ: شَيْءٌ يَدْخُلُ فِي حَيَاءِ النَّاقَةِ لِتَحْسَبَهُ وَلَدَهَا فَتَرَأَمَهُ كَالدَّرَجَةِ.
And al-jazm: something that is inserted into the vulva of a she-camel so that she thinks it is her offspring and nurses it like a calf.
وَجَزَمَ بِسُلْحِهِ: أَخْرَجَ بَعْضَهُ وَبَقِيَ بَعْضُهُ، وَقِيلَ: جَزَمَ بِسُلْحِهِ «2». خَذَفَ.
And he expelled part of its contents: he expelled some of it and some remained, and it was said: he expelled part of its contents. He expelled partially.
وَتَجَزَّمَتِ العَصَا: تَشَقَّقَتْ كَتَهَزَّمَتْ.
And the stick cracked: it split as if it had shattered.
وَالجَزْمُ مِنَ الأُمُورِ: الَّذِي يَأْتِي قَبْلَ حِينِهِ «3»، وَالوَزْمُ الَّذِي يَأْتِي فِي حِينِهِ.
And al-jazm of matters: that which comes before its time, and al-wazm is that which comes in its time.
وَالجُزْمَةُ، بِالكَسْرِ، مِنَ المَاشِيَةِ: المِائَةُ فَمَا زَادَتْ، وَقِيلَ: هِيَ مِنَ العَشَرَةِ إِلَى الأَرْبَعِينَ، وَقِيلَ: الجُزْمَةُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ خَاصَّةً نَحْوَ الصَّرْمَةِ.
And al-juzmah, with kasra, of livestock: a hundred and more, and it was said: it is from ten to forty, and it was said: al-juzmah of camels specifically, like al-sarmah.
وَالجُزْمَةُ، بِالكَسْرِ، الصَّرْمَةُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ، وَالفُرْقَةُ مِنَ الضَّأْنِ.
And al-juzmah, with kasra, is a sarmah of camels, and a furqah of sheep.
وَيُقَالُ: جَزَمَ البَعِيرُ فَمَا يَبْرَحُ، وَانْجَزَمَ العَظْمُ إِذَا انْكَسَرَ.
And it is said: The camel drank its fill and did not leave, and the bone broke if it fractured.
جَزَمَتِ الإِبِلُ إِذَا رَوِيَتْ مِنَ المَاءِ، وَبَعِيرٌ جَازِمٌ وَإِبِلٌ جَوَازِمُ.
The camels drank their fill if they were satisfied with water, and a camel is jazim and camels are jawazim.