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بشم

Root entry · 8 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of overeating, leading to indigestion, fullness, and discomfort. It also extends to a specific type of tree known for its pleasant fragrance and use as a toothbrush, and includes a personal name derived from it.

Derived headwords

البَشَمnoun
  1. 1.
    indigestionboth

    A feeling of fullness and discomfort caused by overeating, particularly rich or fatty foods.

  2. 2.
    overeating discomfortclassical

    The state of being overwhelmed or burdened by excessive food intake.

بَشِمَverb
  1. 1.
    to be overfullboth

    To suffer from indigestion or discomfort due to overeating.

  2. 2.
    to cause indigestionclassical

    To cause someone or an animal to feel overfull or suffer from indigestion.

وأصله في البهائم، وقد بشم وأبشمه الطعام — And its origin is with animals, and food has caused them to be overfull and caused them indigestion.
ولم يجشئ عن طعام يبشمه — And he did not belch from food that caused him indigestion.
بَشِمٌadjective
  1. 1.
    indisposed from foodclassical

    Suffering from indigestion or discomfort due to overeating.

ورجل بشم — And a man suffering from indigestion.
بَشِمَverb
  1. 1.
    to be weary ofclassical

    To become tired of or fed up with something.

وبشمت منه بشما أي سئمت — And I became weary of it, meaning I became tired of it.
أَبْشَمَهُverb
  1. 1.
    to cause indigestionclassical

    To cause someone or an animal to feel overfull or suffer from indigestion.

وقد بشم وأبشمه الطعام — And food has caused them to be overfull and caused them indigestion.
البُشَامnoun
  1. 1.
    a fragrant treeboth

    A tree known for its pleasant fragrance and taste, used for tooth-cleaning sticks (siwak).

  2. 2.
    wood of the Basham treeboth

    The wood or branches of the Basham tree, often used for siwak.

خير مال المسلم شاة تأكل من ورق القتاد والبشام — The best of a Muslim's wealth is a sheep that eats from the leaves of the Qatad and the Basham.
لا بأس بنزع السواك من البشامة — There is no harm in taking a siwak from the Basham tree.
ما لنا طعام إلا ورق البشام — We have no food except the leaves of the Basham.
بُشَامَةnoun
  1. 1.
    a single Basham treeboth

    A single plant or tree of the Basham species.

بفرع بشامة — With a branch of a Basham tree.
بِشَامَةname
  1. 1.
    a male nameclassical

    A personal name for a male, derived from the root.

وبشامة: اسم رجل سمي بذلك — And Bishamah: the name of a man named thus.

Parallel reading

البشم: تخمة على الدسم، وربما بشم الفصيل من كثرة شرب اللبن حتى يدقى سلحا فيهلك.
Al-basham: indigestion from richness and fat, and a young camel might become overfull from drinking too much milk until its excrement becomes excessive and it perishes.
يقال: دقي إذا كثر سلحه.
It is said: 'daqiya' if its excrement is excessive.
ابن سيده: البشم التخمة، وقيل: هو أن يكثر من الطعام حتى يكربه.
Ibn Sidah said: Al-basham is indigestion, and it is said: it is to eat excessively of food until it burdens one.
يقال: بشمت من الطعام، بالكسر؛ ومنه قول الحسن: وأنت تتجشأ من الشبع بشما، وأصله في البهائم، وقد بشم وأبشمه الطعام؛ أنشد ثعلب للحذلمي: ولم يجشئ عن طعام يبشمه
It is said: 'bashimtu min al-ta'am' (I was overfull from the food), with a kasra; and from this is the saying of Al-Hasan: 'And you belch from satiety with indigestion', and its origin is with animals, and food has caused them to be overfull and caused them indigestion; Tha'lab recited for Al-Hudhalmi: 'And he did not belch from food that caused him indigestion'.
قال ابن بري: الرجز لأبي محمد الفقعسي؛ وقبله: ولم تبت حمى به توصمه وبعده: كأن سفود حديد معصمه
Ibn Barrī said: The verse is by Abū Muḥammad Al-Fuqʿasī; and before it: 'And no fever afflicted him that would mark him', and after it: 'As if an iron skewer were his bracelet'.
وفي حديث سمرة بن جندب: وقيل له إن ابنك لم ينم البارحة بشما، قال: لو مات ما صليت عليه
And in the story of Samurah ibn Jundub: It was said to him, 'Your son did not sleep last night due to indigestion', he said: 'If he died, I would not pray over him'.
البشم: التخمة عن الدسم؛ ورجل بشم، بالكسر.
Al-basham: indigestion from fat; and a man 'bashim' (indisposed from food), with a kasra.
وبشم الفصيل: دقي من اللبن فكثر سلحه.
And the young camel 'bashima': its excrement became excessive from the milk, so its droppings increased.
وبشمت منه بشما أي سئمت.
And I became weary of it, meaning I became tired of it.
والبشام: شجر طيب الريح والطعم يستاك به.
And Al-basham: a tree with a good smell and taste, used for brushing teeth.
وفي حديث عبادة: خير مال المسلم شاة تأكل من ورق القتاد والبشام.
And in the story of 'Ubādah: The best of a Muslim's wealth is a sheep that eats from the leaves of the Qatad and the Basham.
وفي حديث عمرو بن دينار: لا بأس بنزع السواك من البشامة.
And in the story of 'Amr ibn Dīnār: There is no harm in taking a siwak from the Basham tree.
وفي حديث عتبة بن غزوان: ما لنا طعام إلا ورق البشام
And in the story of 'Utbah ibn Ghazwān: We have no food except the leaves of the Basham.
قال أبو حنيفة: البشام يدق ورقه ويخلط بالحناء للتسويد.
Abū Ḥanīfah said: The leaves of the Basham are crushed and mixed with henna for dyeing black.
وقال مرة: البشام شجر ذو ساق وأفنان وورق صغار أكبر من ورق الصعتر ولا ثمر له، وإذا قطعت ورقته أو قصف غصنه هريق لبنا أبيض، واحدته بشامة؛ قال جرير: أتذكر يوم تصقل عارضيها ... بفرع بشامة؛ سقي البشام يعني أنها أشارت بسواكها، فكان ذلك وداعها ولم تتكلم خيفة الرقباء؛ وصدر هذا البيت في التهذيب: أتذكر إذ تودعنا سليمى
And Murrah said: Al-basham is a tree with a trunk, branches, and small leaves larger than thyme leaves, and it has no fruit. If its leaf is cut or its branch is broken, a white milky substance is exuded. Its singular is 'bashamah'. Jarīr said: 'Do you remember the day she polished her cheeks... with a branch of a Basham tree'; 'Saqī al-basham' means she gestured with her siwak, and that was her farewell, and she did not speak for fear of the watchers; and the beginning of this verse in Al-Tahdhīb is: 'Do you remember when Salmā bid us farewell'.
وبشامة: اسم رجل سمي بذلك.
And Bishamah: the name of a man named thus.