كيل

Root entry · 30 derived lemmas

The root 'k-y-l' primarily relates to the act of measuring by volume, specifically using a 'mikyāl' (a measure). It extends to concepts of measuring out, distributing, and metaphorically, comparing or competing. The root also encompasses related terms for the measuring instrument and the act itself.

Derived headwords

الكَيْلnoun

1.
Measuring by volumeboth
The act of measuring goods, such as grain, by volume using a standard measure.
2.
Measureboth
The instrument used for measuring by volume, such as a dry measure.

كالَverb

1.
To measure (by volume)both
To measure goods, especially dry goods like grain, using a specific measure.
2.
To weighclassical
Metaphorically used to mean weighing money like dirhams and dinars.
3.
To fail to igniteclassical
Used for a flint (زند) that fails to produce fire, likened to the rear ranks in battle.

يَكِيلُverb

1.
He measures (by volume)both
The present tense form of the verb 'kala', meaning to measure by volume.

كَيْلًاnoun

1.
Measuringboth
The masdar (verbal noun) of 'kala', referring to the act of measuring by volume.

مَكَالًاnoun

1.
Measuringclassical
An alternative masdar for the verb 'kala', referring to the act of measuring by volume.

مَكِيلًاnoun

1.
Measuringclassical
Another masdar form for the verb 'kala', referring to the act of measuring by volume.

مَكِيلadjective

1.
Measuredboth
Describing something that has been measured by volume.
2.
Measured outboth
Specifically referring to grain or similar items that have been measured.

مَكْيُولadjective

1.
Measuredboth
A passive participle meaning measured by volume, similar to 'makil'.

كُولnoun

1.
Measuringclassical
A variant masdar form, resulting from the inversion of 'y' to 'w' when preceded by a damma.

اِكْتَالَverb

1.
To receive by measureboth
To take or receive something by measure, often implying taking one's full due.
2.
To measure for oneselfboth
To measure something for one's own benefit or use.

اِكْتِتَالnoun

1.
Receiving by measureboth
The masdar of 'iktala', referring to the act of receiving by measure.

كِيلَةnoun

1.
Measureboth
A unit of measure, similar to 'justa' or 'rukba'.

كَلْتُهُ بِفُلَانٍverb

1.
To measure him by himclassical
To compare or measure one person or thing against another.

مَكِيلَةnoun

1.
Measureclassical
A measure or standard, often used metaphorically.

مَكُولadjective

1.
Measuredclassical
A less common or considered poor form of the passive participle meaning measured.

مَكَالadjective

1.
Measuredclassical
A dialectal or less pure Arabic form of the passive participle meaning measured.

مِكْيَالnoun

1.
Measuring instrumentboth
The tool or vessel used for measuring by volume, made of iron or wood.

اِكْتَلْتُ عَلَيْهِverb

1.
To take from himboth
To take something from someone, implying receiving it by measure or due.

كَالَverb

1.
He measuredboth
Past tense of 'kala', meaning he measured by volume.

كَيَّالnoun

1.
Measurerboth
One who measures by volume, often implying a profession.

تَكَايَلَverb

1.
To measure against each otherboth
To measure out to each other, or metaphorically, to compete or exchange insults.

تَكَايُلnoun

1.
Mutual measuringboth
The masdar of 'takayala', referring to the act of measuring each other or exchanging.

مُكَايَلَةnoun

1.
Reciprocityclassical
The act of responding in kind, whether in speech or action; retaliation or matching.
2.
Comparisonclassical
The act of measuring or comparing things, especially in terms of religious practice.

مُكَائِلadjective

1.
Measuring out toclassical
One who measures out to another, or receives measure from another.

كَيُولnoun

1.
Rear ranksclassical
The last rows of soldiers in a battle formation.
2.
Ignited flintclassical
The black residue from a flint that fails to ignite, lacking fire.
3.
Elevated groundclassical
A high point of land from which one can observe others.

تَكَلَّىverb

1.
To stand in the rear ranksclassical
To take a position in the rear ranks of a battle formation.

يُكَايِلُverb

1.
He competesclassical
He competes with another, especially in running, matching their pace.

المُكَايَلَةnoun

1.
Competitionclassical
The act of competing or matching another, especially in running.

المُكَايَلَةnoun

1.
Exchanging insultsclassical
The act of verbally sparring or exchanging insults with someone.

المُكَايَلَةnoun

1.
Retaliationclassical
Responding to a bad deed with a similar bad deed, without forgiveness.

Parallel reading

الكيل كيل البر ونحوه، وهو مصدر كال الطعام ونحوه يكيل كيلا ومكالا ومكيلا أيضا

Measuring is the measuring of grain and the like, and it is a masdar of the verb 'kala' for food and the like, he measures it, 'kaylan', 'makalan', and 'makilan' also.

يقال: ما في برك مكال

It is said: 'There is no measure in your grain.'

والطعام مكيل ومكيول مثل مخيط ومخيوط

And the food is 'makil' and 'makyul', like 'makhit' and 'makhuyut'.

ومنهم من يقول: كول الطعام وبوع واصطود الصيد واستوق ماله، بقلب الياء واوا حين ضم ما قبلها لأن الياء الساكنة لا تكون بعد حرف مضموم

And some of them say: 'kul' for food, and 'bu'' for buying, and 'istud' for hunting, and 'istawqa' for his property, by inverting the 'ya' to a 'waw' when the preceding letter is damma, because a silent 'ya' cannot follow a damma.

اكتاله وكاله طعاما وكاله له

He measured it out and measured food for him and measured it for him.

الذين إذا اكتالوا على الناس يستوفون

Those who, when they take measure from people, take their full due.

والاسم الكيلة، بالكسر، مثل الجلسة والركبة

And the noun is 'al-kila', with a kasra, like 'al-jalsa' and 'al-rukba'.

وإذا كالوهم أو وزنوهم ؛ أي كالوا لهم

And when they measure them or weigh them; meaning, they measure for them.

أحشفا وسوء كيلة؟

Is it shriveled dates and bad measuring?

وبر مكيل، ويجوز في القياس مكيول، ولغة بني أسد مكول، ولغة رديئة مكال

And grain is 'makil', and 'makyul' is permissible by analogy, and the dialect of Banu Asad is 'makul', and a poor dialect is 'makal'.

الليث: المكيال ما يكال به، حديدا كان أو خشبا

Al-Layth said: 'Al-mikyāl' is what is measured with, whether it is iron or wood.

اكتلت عليه: أخذت منه

I 'iktaltu' from him: I took from him.

يقال: كال المعطي واكتال الآخذ

It is said: 'The giver measures out, and the taker receives by measure.'

والكيل والمكيل والمكيال والمكيلة: ما كيل به؛ الأخيرة نادرة

And 'al-kayl', 'al-mkayl', 'al-mikyāl', and 'al-makila' are what is measured with; the last is rare.

ورجل كيال: من الكيل

And a man is a 'kayyal': from measuring.

حين تكال النيب في القفيز فسره فقال: أراد حين تغزر فيكال لبنها كيلا فهذه الناقة أغزرهن

When the she-camels are measured in the qafiz, he explained it saying: He meant when they become abundant, their milk is measured out in 'kaylan', so this she-camel is the most abundant.

وكال الدراهم والدنانير: وزنها؛ عن ابن الأعرابي خاصة

And he measured dirhams and dinars: he weighed them; specifically from Ibn Al-A'rabi.

فإما أن يكون هذا وضعا، وإما أن يكون على النسب لأن الكيل والوزن سواء في معرفة المقادير

Either this is a convention, or it is by analogy, because measuring and weighing are the same in knowing quantities.

ويقال: كل هذه الدراهم، يريدون زن

And it is said: 'Measure all these dirhams,' meaning weigh them.

وقال مرة: كل ما وزن فقد كيل

And once he said: 'Everything that is weighed has been measured.'

وهما يتكايلان أي يتعارضان بالشتم أو الوتر؛

And they 'yatakayalan', meaning they compete with insults or vengeance;

وكايل الرجل صاحبه: قال له مثل ما يقول أو فعل كفعله

And a man 'kayala' his companion: he said to him what he says or did what he did.

وكايلته وتكايلنا إذا كال لك وكلت له فهو مكائل، بالهمز

And I 'kayaltuhu' and we 'takayalan' if he measured for you and you measured for him, then he is a 'muka'il', with hamza.

أنه نهى عن المكايلة وهي المقايسة بالقول والفعل، والمراد المكافأة بالسوء وترك الإغضاء والاحتمال

That he forbade 'al-mukayala', which is comparing by word and deed, and the intent is retaliation with evil and abandoning overlooking and forbearance.

كال الزند يكيل كيلا: مثل كبا ولم يخرج نارا فشبه مؤخر الصفوف «1» في الحرب به لأنه لا يقاتل من كان فيه

The flint 'kala', it 'yakilu' 'kaylan': it failed like 'kaba' and did not produce fire, and the rear ranks in war are likened to it because those in it do not fight.

المكيال مكيال أهل المدينة والميزان ميزان أهل مكة

The measure is the measure of the people of Medina, and the scale is the scale of the people of Mecca.

والكيول: آخر الصفوف في الحرب، وقيل: الكيول مؤخر الصفوف

And 'al-kayul': the last rows in war, and it is said: 'al-kayul' is the rear ranks.

أن رجلا أتى النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، وهو يقاتل العدو فسأله سيفا يقاتل به فقال له: فلعلك إن أعطيتك أن تقوم في الكيول، فقال: لا، فأعطاه سيفا فجعل يقاتل وهو يقول: إني امرؤ عاهدني خليلي ... أن لا أقوم الدهر في الكيول

A man came to the Prophet, peace be upon him, while he was fighting the enemy and asked him for a sword to fight with, so he said to him: 'Perhaps if I give it to you, you will stand in the 'kayul' (rear ranks)?' He said: 'No.' So he gave him a sword, and he began fighting, saying: 'Indeed, I am a man my companion promised me... that I will never stand in the 'kayul' (rear ranks) forever.'

تكلى الرجل أي قام في الكيول، والأصل تكيل وهو مقلوب منه

A man 'takalla' means he stood in the 'kayul' (rear ranks), and the original is 'takayala', which is an inversion of it.

الفرس يكايل الفرس في الجري إذا عارضه وباراه كأنه يكيل له من جريه مثل ما يكيل له الآخر

A horse 'yukayilu' another horse in a race when it confronts and matches it, as if it is measuring out from its run what the other measures out to it.

المكايلة أن يتشاتم الرجلان فيربي أحدهما على الآخر

'Al-mukayala' is when two men exchange insults and one surpasses the other.

والمواكلة أن يهدي المدان للمدين ليؤخر قضاءه

And 'al-muwakala' is when the debtor sends a gift to the creditor to delay his payment.

كلت فلانا بفلان أي قسته به

I 'kaltu' someone by someone else, meaning I measured him by him.

قد كلتموني بالسوابق كلها، ... فبرزت منها ثانيا من عناني

You have all measured me by all the previous ones, ... and I emerged second from my reins.

إن كان من أمر كياله

If there is any matter of its measure.