ءلل

Root entry · 4 derived lemmas

This root entry discusses the particle 'illa' (except, but) and its grammatical function as an exception. It also touches upon the noun 'ulu' (possessors of) which functions similarly to 'dhuwu' and is always used in a construct state.

Derived headwords

إلاparticle

1.
exceptboth
A particle used for exception, substituting for the verb 'astathni' (I make an exception) and the negation 'la' (not).
2.
butboth
Used to introduce a clause that contrasts with or qualifies the preceding statement.

أولوnoun

1.
possessors ofclassical
A noun meaning 'possessors' or 'owners of', used in the construct state and always plural. It is similar in meaning to 'dhuwu'.

أولو بأس شديد — possessors of mighty power

أولو كرم — possessors of generosity

ألother

1.
singular of 'ulu'classical
The hypothetical singular form of 'ulu', from which the plural 'ulu' is derived.

الأمرnoun

1.
commandboth
Refers to a command or an order.
2.
affairboth
Refers to a matter, concern, or affair.
3.
those in authorityboth
In the phrase 'uli al-amr', it refers to those who are in command or authority.

وأولي الأمر منكم — and those in authority among you

Parallel reading

وإلا حرف استثناء وهي الناصبة في قولك جاءني القوم إلا زيدا

And 'illa' is a particle of exception, and it is the one that causes the accusative case in your saying: 'The people came to me, except Zayd.'

لأنها نائبة عن أستثني وعن لا أعني

Because it is a substitute for 'astathni' (I make an exception) and for 'la' (not).

هذا قول أبي العباس المبرد

This is the saying of Abu al-Abbas al-Mubarrad.

وقال ابن جني: هذا مردود عندنا لما في ذلك من تدافع الأمرين الإعمال المبقي حكم الفعل والانصراف عنه إلى الحرف المختص به القول

And Ibn Jinni said: This is rejected by us because of the conflict between the two matters: the grammatical operation that retains the ruling of the verb, and the turning away from it to the particle to which the saying is specific.

ومن خفيف هذا الباب أولو بمعنى ذوو لا يفرد له واحد ولا يتكلم به إلا مضافا

And from the light (forms) of this chapter is 'ulu', meaning 'dhuwu' (possessors), for which no singular is used, and it is not spoken except in a construct state.

كقولك أولو بأس شديد وأولو كرم

Like your saying: 'ulu ba'sin shadeedin' (possessors of mighty power) and 'ulu karamin' (possessors of generosity).

كأن واحده أل، والواو للجمع، ألا ترى أنها تكون في الرفع واوا وفي النصب والجر ياء؟

As if its singular is 'al', and the 'waw' is for the plural. Do you not see that it is a 'waw' in the nominative case and a 'ya' in the accusative and genitive cases?

وقوله عز وجل: وأولي الأمر منكم

And His saying, the Almighty: 'And 'uli al-amr' (those in authority) among you.'

قال أبو إسحاق: هم أصحاب النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، ومن اتبعهم من أهل العلم

Abu Ishaq said: They are the companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and those who followed them from the people of knowledge.

وقد قيل: إنهم الأمراء

And it has been said: They are the commanders.

والأمراء إذا كانوا أولي علم ودين وآخذين بما يقوله أهل العلم فطاعتهم فريضة

And the commanders, if they are possessors of knowledge and religion and take what the people of knowledge say, then obeying them is an obligation.

وجملة أولي الأمر من المسلمين من يقوم بشأنهم في أمر دينهم وجميع ما أدى إلى صلاحهم

And the totality of 'uli al-amr' from the Muslims are those who attend to their affairs in matters of their religion and all that leads to their well-being.